scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome and Weight Loss: Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Cowan ◽  
Eric Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome is common, and obesity is a major risk factor. Increased peripharyngeal and central adiposity result in increased pharyngeal collapsibility, through increased mechanical loading around the upper airway, reduced tracheal traction on the pharynx, and reduced neuromuscular activity, particularly during sleep. Significant and sustained weight loss, if achieved, is likely to be a useful therapeutic option in the management of OSA and may be attempted by behavioural, pharmacological, and surgical approaches. Behavioural therapy programs that focus on aspects such as dietary intervention, exercise prescription patients and general lifestyle counselling have been tested. Bariatric surgery is an option in the severely obese when nonsurgical measures have failed, and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are the most commonly employed techniques in the United Kingdom. Most evidence for efficacy of surgery comes from cohort studies. The role of sibutramine in OSA in the obese patients has been investigated, however, there are concerns regarding associated cardiovascular risk. In this paper the links between obesity and OSA are discussed, and the recent studies evaluating the behavioural, pharmacological and surgical approaches to weight loss in OSA are reviewed.

Investigation of smell and taste function in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (05) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Yenigun ◽  
N Degirmenci ◽  
S S Goktas ◽  
R Dogan ◽  
O Ozturan
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Taste Test ◽  
Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Taste And Smell

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the relationship between disease severity and taste and smell functions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.MethodsA total of 65 patients with recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep were included. Participants were divided into four groups according to apnoea-hypopnoea index, obtained on polysomnography. Smell and taste tests were performed on these patients.ResultsA significant difference was observed between the smell thresholds of the groups for the identification test (p = 0.016). In the taste test, significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of sweet, sour, salty and bitter taste test thresholds (p = 0.029, p = 0.0005, p = 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively).ConclusionAs sleep apnoea severity increased (according to the apnoea-hypopnoea index) in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome patients, the taste and smell thresholds decreased due to the effect of neuropathy and inflammation in the upper respiratory tract.

scholarly journals Weight loss surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea with obesity in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e020876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Dong ◽  
Brian Y Hong ◽  
Ashley M Yu ◽  
John Cathey ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Weight Loss Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is caused by complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway resulting in repeated episodes of interrupted or shallow breaths. OSA is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence is estimated to range from 3% to 7% in the general population but may be much higher. Several studies show that weight loss or bariatric surgery may have a role in treating OSA. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the safety and efficacy of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of weight loss surgery for adults with OSA and comorbid obesity.Methods and analysisA search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE and two major Chinese biomedical databases will be performed to identify related trials published as of October 2018. This study will include RCTs, comparing different types of weight loss surgery for OSA with obesity or weight loss surgery for OSA with obesity with other upper airway surgeries. The primary outcomes that will be measured are apnoea–hypopnoea index, excess weight loss and in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes will include duration of hospital stay, neck circumference, reoperation, waist circumference, body mass index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, overt complications (eg, gastric fistula, bleeding, delayed gastric emptying, wound infection), quality of life, quality of sleep and/or functionality. The systematic review will be conducted according to the recommendations as outlined by the Cochrane collaboration.Ethics and disseminationThe systematic review and meta-analysis will include published data available online and thus ethics approval will not be required. The findings will be disseminated and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Review updates will be conducted if there is new evidence that may cause any change in review conclusions. Any changes to the study protocol will be updated in the PROSPERO trial registry accordingly.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017081743.

scholarly journals Effect of weight loss on upper airway size and facial fat in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

Thorax ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 797-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sutherland ◽  
R. W. W. Lee ◽  
C. L. Phillips ◽  
G. Dungan ◽  
B. J. Yee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Inspiratory flow limitation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon FARRÉ
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Patients suffering from the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) experience nocturnal episodes of upper airway obstruction resulting in recurrent oxygen desaturations and arousals. Methods to quantify the nocturnal obstructive events are of interest for characterizing this prevalent sleep disorder. In a study published in this issue of Clinical Science, Bloch and co-workers propose the computation of a new index for objectively quantifying the degree of flow limitation in patients with OSAS. The results obtained in a bench test and in a pilot study in patients suggest that the flow limitation index proposed may help to better characterize the disturbed breathing events undergone by patients with OSAS.

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