scholarly journals BANA-Positive Plaque Samples Are Associated with Oral Hygiene Practices and Not CD4+ T Cell Counts in HIV-Positive Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Nisha John ◽  
Lawrence Xavier Graham Stephen ◽  
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Clinical Indices

Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Treponema denticola, andTannerella forsythiaare considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between CD4+ T cell counts and periodontal disease progression.Objective. To establish whether CD4+ T cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing BANA-positive results in HIV-associated periodontal disease.Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty HIV-positive patients participated in the study, and their CD4+ T cell counts were obtained from their medical records. The six Ramfjord teeth were used for evaluating periodontal clinical indices and subgingival plaque sampling. BANA test was used for the detection and prevalence of the “red complex” bacteria in plaque samples.Results. A majority of 69.17% HIV-positive patients were BANA-positive. No significant associations were found between BANA and CD4+ T cell counts. A highly significant association was found between BANA with probing depth and clinical attachment level (P≤0.0001) and between BANA and the use of interdental aids (P=0.0168).Conclusion. HIV-associated periodontal diseases are strongly related to oral hygiene practices rather than the effect of CD4+ T cell counts, and the use of interdental aids was marked as a significant predictor of BANA-negative plaque samples.

scholarly journals The CYP2B6 G516T polymorphism influences CD4 + T-cell counts in HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in an ethnically diverse region of the Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Rogério Valois Laurentino ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Mauro Sérgio Moura de Araújo ◽  
Samara Tatielle Monteiro Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Restoring Cytokine Balance in HIV-Positive Individuals with Low CD4 T Cell Counts

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 905-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anddre Valdivia ◽  
Judy Ly ◽  
Leslie Gonzalez ◽  
Parveen Hussain ◽  
Tommy Saing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cytokine Balance

scholarly journals Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases in a Semirural District of South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Hamilton Wood ◽  
Elaine Blignaut ◽  
Johan Lemmer ◽  
Robin Meyerov ◽  
Liviu Feller
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Objectives. The aim of this study was to characterize the lesions of necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) with regard to extent and severity, and to correlate these parameters with the host HIV serostatus, CD4+ T-cell count, neutrophil count, age, and gender.Methods. Eighty-four consecutive patients, 39 black females and 45 black males aged 20–46 years, diagnosed with NG/NP were recruited to the study over a period of two years.Results. For both HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients, the mandibular anterior gingiva was most frequently affected; 74% had NG/NP affecting ≥5 gingival tooth sites. Ninety percent of all patients had a mean severity of ≤4 mm. There was no statistically significant association between either extent or severity of NG/NP and HIV serostatus, CD4+ T-cell count, neutrophil count, age, or gender. The difference between the number of HIV-seropositive patients with NG/NP who had CD4+ T-cell counts ≤200 cells/mm3and those who had CD4+ T cell counts of 201–499 cells/mm3was not statistically significant.Conclusion. The clinical signs of NG/NP are similar in HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients, and are not related to CD4+ T-cell count, to neutrophil count, to gender, or to age.

scholarly journals Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249011
Author(s):  
S. M. Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Mosiur Rahman ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Yuri Tashiro ◽  
Ayano Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Introduction The prevalence of periodontal disease is high in diabetes patients worldwide, including Bangladesh. Although associations of periodontal disease outcomes and clinical determinants of diabetes have been investigated, few studies have reported on the relationship between periodontal diseases outcomes with modifiable factors, such as self-care and oral hygiene practices, in patients with diabetes. Moreover, in order to develop targeted strategies, it is also important to estimate their aggregated contribution separately from that of the established sociodemographic and diabetics related clinical determinates. Therefore, this study was performed to elucidate 1) the relationship of diabetes patients’ self-care and oral hygiene practices to periodontal disease and 2) the relative contributions of selected factors to periodontal disease outcome in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods The data were obtained from the baseline survey of a multicentre, prospective cohort study. A total of 379 adult patients with type 2 diabetes from three diabetic centres in Dhaka, Rajshahi and Barishal, received periodontal examinations using the community periodontal index (CPI) probe, glycated haemoglobin examination, other clinical examinations, and structured questionnaires. Multiple logistics regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between selected factors and prevalence of any periodontal disease and its severity. Results More than half of the participants were female (53.8%) and 66.8% of the total participants was 21–50 years old. The prevalence of any (CPI code 2+3+4; 75.7%) and severe form (CPI code 4; 35.1%) of periodontal disease were high in type 2 diabetes patients. In multivariate analysis, the odds of periodontal disease increased with unfavourable glycaemic control indicated by HbA1c ≥ 7%, and decreased by 64%, 85% and 92% with adherence to recommended diet, physical activity, and oral hygiene practices, respectively. Diabetes self-care practice explained the highest proportion of the variance (13.9%) followed by oral hygiene practices (10.9%) by modelling any periodontal disease versus no disease. Variables of diabetes conditions and oral hygiene practices explained 10.9% and 7.3% of the variance by modelling severe (CPI code 4) or moderate (CPI code 3) forms of periodontal disease versus mild form of periodontal disease. Findings also conferred that while poor diabetes control had an individually adverse association with any form of periodontal diseases and its severity, the risk of diseases was moderated by oral hygiene practices. Conclusions This study suggested that, in addition to diabetes-related clinical determinants, self-care practices, and oral hygiene practices must be taken into consideration for prevention and control of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Independent Risk Factors for Deaths due to AIDS in Chongqing, China: Does Age Matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihong Zhou ◽  
Zhongping Yang ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Yanqiu Lu ◽  
Yuanyuan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) are aging worldwide, and different management strategies may be required for older and younger PLWH. However, demographic characteristics, illness distribution, mortality, and independent risk factors in the PLWH population in China are not yet fully understood, especially in patients aged 50 years or older.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 4445 HIV-positive Chinese inpatients in Chongqing, China.Results: The mortality rate in patients 50 years or older (the older group) was significantly higher than that in those under 50 years (the younger group) (p < 0.001). In the younger group, independent risk factors for death included: nadir CD4+ T-cell counts <200 cells/μL, not owning medical healthcare insurance, not being on cART, injection drug use, and having one of the following comorbidities: Pneumocystis pneumonia, cryptococcal meningitis, AIDS malignancy, non-AIDS malignancy, and kidney disease. In the older group, independent predictors of death included: being urban residents, nadir CD4+ T-cell counts <200 cells/μL, not being on cART, and having comorbidities such as Pneumocystis pneumonia, hepatitis C, talaromycosis, non-AIDS malignancy, and kidney disease.Conclusions: Demographic characteristics, illness distribution, mortality, and independent risk factors for death in HIV-positive patients differ between the older group and the younger group, indicating that a changing suite of medical and allied support services may be required the for management of older PLWH.

scholarly journals Laboratory Markers and Characteristics of New HIV Infections Among Adolescents in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Nanyangwe Moyo ◽  
Nkuye Moyo ◽  
Xiaoying Zheng ◽  
Samuel Kalibala ◽  
Xiaochun Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Abstract Background We aimed to explore HIV RNA (ribonucleic acid) virologic levels greater than 1,000 copies/millilitre (ml), among HIV-positive adolescents aged 15–24 years, establish the spread of CD4 T- cell counts and inspect characteristics of adolescents presenting with new HIV infections, including co-infections with Hepatitis B virus and syphilis. Methods We analysed data from the Zambia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment 2016 survey. Two-stage stratified cluster probability sample design was used to select the target population. Our study truncated the population to focus on the age-group 15–24 whose biomarker tests and household information were complete. Our primary outcome measure was “New HIV-positive Infections among 15-24-year-olds” defined as HIV-positive biomarker samples presenting with HIV RNA ≥ 1,000 copies/ml without detectable ARVs. We tested associations between new HIV infections and clinical characteristics using negative binomial models adjusting for age, sex, education, marital-status, residence among several covariates. Results Overall, 2·3% ([166/7320], 95% CI: 1·9–2·6) adolescents aged 15–24 years were diagnosed with new HIV infections, with greater proportions among females (3·3% [139/4,165], 95% CI: 2·8–3·9) than males (0·86% [27/3,155], 95% CI: 0·6–1·2). Almost half (47·6%) of seroconversions had HIV RNA ≥ 50,000 copies/ml and an average CD4 + T-cell count of 479 cells/mm 3. HBV– positive adolescents (IRR 8·6, 95% CI: 2·9–24·9, P < 0·001, model 2) were at increased risk of new infections unlike those testing positive for syphilis antibodies (IRR 1·22, 95% CI: 0·2–8·3, P < 0·84). Adjusting for confounders revealed that being married or cohabiting, testing positive for HBV, being a rural resident and attaining higher than secondary education emerged as strongest correlates of new infections. Conclusion High baseline levels of viral load and low CD4 + T-cell count in recent HIV infections among adolescents indicate weak immune repertoire at first diagnosis, increasing the risk of contagion. As the epidemic continues to spread within the adolescent population, HIV-infection will become more complex and greater proportions of adolescents will likely be infected by regular partners. This suggests growing need for interventions targeted at stable partnerships and intensified public health campaigns specific for adolescents.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with Higher CD4 T Cell Counts and Lower HIV-1 Viral Loads in ART-Naïve HIV-Positive Patients in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0143388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Stephen Sarfo ◽  
Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt ◽  
Albert Dompreh ◽  
Edmund Osei Kuffour ◽  
Mareike Soltau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Lymphocyte subset analysis to evaluate the prognosis of HIV-negative patients with pneumocystis pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Jin ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Huan-ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Objectives We analysed the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients infected with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) to determine the relationships between the levels of different types of lymphocytes and the prognosis of patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed HIV-negative patients with PCP diagnosed in our department. All the eligible patients underwent lymphocyte subset analysis on admission. Results A total of 88 HIV-negative PCP patients were enrolled in the study. In univariate analyses, low CD4+ T cell count, low CD8+ T cell count, and low natural killer cell (NK cell) count were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. CD8+ T cell count ≤300/μL was found to be an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in multivariate logistical regression analysis (p = 0.015, OR = 11.526, 95% CI = 1.597–83.158). Although low CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts were not independent risk factors, the mortality rates of PCP patients decreased as the CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts increased. Conclusion The immune process of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is complex but important. We propose that lymphocyte subsets could give clinicians a better understanding of patient immune status, helping with the early identification of potentially lethal infections and treatment decision making, such as adjusting the immunosuppressive regimen and choosing an appropriate patient monitoring level.

Low absolute CD4+ T cell counts in peripheral blood predict poor prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1869-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gu ◽  
Yuanyuan Jin ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Wu Yujie ◽  
Qinglin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cell Counts
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