scholarly journals Segregation of Cu-In-S Elements in the Spray-Pyrolysis-Deposited Layer of CIS Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Ito ◽  
Toshihiro Ryo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sulfur Layer ◽  
Strong Segregation

We report the fabrication of superstrate-structured solar cells by the deposition of Cu-In-S (CIS) films on〈glass/FTO/TiO2/In2S3〉under air by spray pyrolysis. The cells had an open-circuit voltage of 0.551 V, a photocurrent density of 9.5 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 0.45, and a conversion efficiency of 2.14%. However, transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray (TEM-EDX) analysis revealed significant differences between the atomic ratio of the setting material in the spray-deposition solution and the elements in the layer. Moreover, TEM-EDX measurements suggested strong segregation of the Cu-In-S elements in the spray-pyrolysis-deposited layer. The degree of segregation depended on the substrate (〈glass〉,〈glass/TiO2〉, or〈glass/TiO2/In2S3〉), although Cu3In5S9nanoparticles were segregated in the sulfur layer.

scholarly journals A New Ruthenium Sensitizer Containing Benzo[1,9]quinolizino(acridin-2-yl)vinyl-2,2′-bipyridine Ligand for Effective Nanocrystalline Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeum-Jong Kim ◽  
Jeonghun Yoon ◽  
Eun Jung Kim ◽  
Bo Ram Kim ◽  
Yong-Jin Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Bipyridine Ligand ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Novel ruthenium bipyridyl sensitizer incorporating conjugated benzo[1,9]quinolizino-(acridin-2-yl)vinyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligand [JJ-12] has been synthesized and demonstrated as efficient sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells. A mesoporous titania film stained withJJ-12exhibits a remarkable incident monochromatic photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 82%. Under standard AM 1.5 sunlight, the solar cell using a liquid-based electrolyte consisting of 0.6 M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (DMPII), 0.05 M I2, 0.1 M LiI, and 0.5 Mtert-butylpyridine in acetonitrile exhibits a short-circuit photocurrent density of 16.47 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.71 V, and a fill factor of 0.71, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 8.34 %.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells for Greenhouse Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeum-Jong Kim ◽  
Mangu Kang ◽  
Ock Keum Kwak ◽  
Yong-Jin Yoon ◽  
Kil Sik Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

We have developed dye-sensitized solar cells using novel sensitizers with enhanced transmittance of red (625–675 nm) and blue (425–475 nm) wavebands to control the illumination condition in the greenhouse. Novel ruthenium bipyridyl sensitizers with general formulas (Me3PhN)4[Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2] (JJ-7) and (Me3BnN)4[Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2] (JJ-9) have been synthesized and demonstrated as efficient sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells for greenhouse application. Under standard AM 1.5 sunlight, the solar cell ofJJ-7using a liquid-based electrolyte exhibits a short-circuit photocurrent density of 8.49 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.83 V, and a fill factor of 0.71, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 4.96% on 5 μm TiO2film. The transmittance ofJJ-7andJJ-9shows 62.0% and 61.0% at 660 nm and 18.0% and 15.0% at 440 nm for cultivation on 5 μm TiO2film, respectively.

Microcrystalline (Si,Ge):H Solar Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
Vikram L. Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Ecr Plasma

AbstractWe report on the growth and properties of microcrystalline Si:H and (Si,Ge):H solar cells on stainless steel substrates. The solar cells were grown using a remote, low pressure ECR plasma system. In order to crystallize (Si,Ge), much higher hydrogen dilution (∼40:1) had to be used compared to the case for mc-Si:H, where a dilution of 10:1 was adequate for crystallization. The solar cell structure was of the p+nn+ type, with light entering the p+ layer. It was found that it was advantageous to use a thin a-Si:H buffer layer at the back of the cells in order to reduce shunt density and improve the performance of the cells. A graded gap buffer layer was used at the p+n interface so as to improve the open-circuit voltage and fill factor. The open circuit voltage and fill factor decreased as the Ge content increased. Quantum efficiency measurements indicated that the device was indeed microcrystalline and followed the absorption characteristics of crystalline ( Si,Ge). As the Ge content increased, quantum efficiency in the infrared increased. X-ray measurements of films indicated grain sizes of ∼ 10nm. EDAX measurements were used to measure the Ge content in the films and devices. Capacitance measurements at low frequencies ( ~100 Hz and 1 kHz) indicated that the base layer was indeed behaving as a crystalline material, with classical C(V) curves. The defect density varied between 1x1016 to 2x1017/cm3, with higher defects indicated as the Ge concentration increased.

Kinetics of Light-Induced Effects in Mixed-Phase Hydrogenated Silicon Solar Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhen Yuea ◽  
Baojie Yan ◽  
Jeffrey Yang ◽  
Kenneth Lord ◽  
Subhendu Guha
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Mixed Phase ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Hydrogenated Silicon ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractWe have observed a significant light-induced increase in the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of mixed-phase hydrogenated silicon solar cells. In this study, we investigate the kinetics of the light-induced effects. The results show that the cells with different initial Voc have different kinetic behavior. For the cells with a low initial Voc (less than 0.8 V), the increase in Voc is slow and does not saturate for light-soaking time of up to 16 hours. For the cells with medium initial Voc (0.8 ∼ 0.95 V), the Voc increases rapidly and then saturates. Cells with high initial Voc (0.95 ∼ 0.98 V) show an initial increase in Voc, followed bya Voc decrease. All light-soaked cells exhibit a degradation in fill factor. The temperature dependence of the kinetics shows that light soaking at high temperatures causes Voc increase to saturate faster than at low temperatures. The observed results can be explained by our recently proposed two-diode equivalent-circuit model for mixed-phase solar cells.

scholarly journals Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline ZnO Solar Cells Based on Ruthenium(II) Phendione Complexes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashem Shahroosvand ◽  
Parisa Abbasi ◽  
Mohsen Ameri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Riahi Dehkordi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Zno Thin Film ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Ft Ir

The metal complexes ( (phen)2(phendione))(PF6)2(1), [ (phen)(bpy)(phendione))(PF6)2(2), and ( (bpy)2(phendione))(PF6)2(3) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine and phendione = 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione) have been synthesized as photo sensitizers for ZnO semiconductor in solar cells. FT-IR and absorption spectra showed the favorable interfacial binding between the dye-molecules and ZnO surface. The surface analysis and size of adsorbed dye on nanostructure ZnO were further examined with AFM and SEM. The AFM images clearly show both, the outgrowth of the complexes which are adsorbed on ZnO thin film and the depression of ZnO thin film. We have studied photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductor solar cells based on Ru phendione complexes, which gave power conversion efficiency of (η) of 1.54% under the standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm−2) with a short-circuit photocurrent density () of 3.42 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage () of 0.622 V, and a fill factor (ff) of 0.72. Monochromatic incident photon to current conversion efficiency was 38% at 485 nm.

Thiocyanate Free Ruthenium(II) Complexes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Usana Mahanitipong ◽  
Preeyapat Prompan ◽  
Rukkiat Jitchati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Ligand Charge Transfer ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit Photovoltage

The four thiocyanate free ruthenium(II) complexes; [Ru(N^N)2(C^N)]PF6were synthesized and characterized for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The results showed that the broad absorptions covered the visible region from metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) were obtained with the main peaks at 560, 490 and 400 nm. The materials were studied DSSC performance under standard AM 1.5. Compound PP1 showed the power conversion efficiency (PCE) at 3.10%, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 7.99 mA cm-2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 563 mV and a high fill factor (ff) of 0.690.

Study of Photoelectrochemical Solar Cell Using WSe2 Crystal

2013 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripal Parmar ◽  
Dipak Sahay ◽  
R.J. Pathak ◽  
R.K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Solar Cell ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells

The solar cells have been used as most promising device to convert light energy into electrical energy. In this paper authors have attempted to fabricate Photoelectrochemical solar cell with semiconductor electrode using TMDCs. The Photoelectrochemical solar cells are the solar cells which convert the solar energy into electrical energy. The photoelectrochemical cells are clean and inexhaustible sources of energy. The photoelectrochemical solar cells are fabricated using WSe2crystal and electrolyte solution of 0.025M I2, 0.5M NaI, 0.5M Na2SO4. Here the WSe2crystals were grown by direct vapour transport technique. In our investigations the solar cell parameters like short circuit current (Isc) and Open circuit voltage (Voc) were measured and from that Fill factor (F.F.) and photoconversion efficiency (η) are investigated. The results obtained shows that the value of efficiency and fill factor of solar cell varies with the illumination intensities.

Solar Cell Contacts Using Nano-Sized Dispersions

1999 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Schulz ◽  
R. Ribelin ◽  
X. Wu ◽  
K.M. Jones ◽  
R.J. Matson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Cdte Layer ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Alloy Formation ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
P Type ◽  
Open Circuit Voltages

ABSTRACTNano-sized dispersions have been employed as precursor inks for the spray deposition of contacts to both Si and CdTe materials. In the case of Si, nano-sized Al particles (nano-Al) were dispersed and spray deposited onto p-type Si. Annealing above the eutectic temperature causes alloy formation yielding a p+ layer with p ∼ 10−4 Ω•cm. For CdTe, nano-sized Te particles (nano-Te) were dispersed and sprayed onto CdTe/CdS/SnO2/glass heterostructures. Contact to the CdTe layer occurred during a 30 min anneal in He (T = 215 to 255 °C). These solar cells were finished by spin-coating the Te layer with Ag paint and subsequently annealing in air (100 °C / 1 h). This approach produces solar cells with open circuit voltages (Voc) from 720 to 800 mV, short circuit current densities (Jsc) from 18 to 20 mA/cm2 and efficiencies up to 10.3%. The performance of these cells was similar to those produced using the standard NREL contact.

scholarly journals SCAPS Simulation on P3HT:Graphene Nanocomposites Based Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Nur Shakina Mohd Shariff ◽  
Puteri Sarah Mohamad Saad ◽  
Mohamad Rusop Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Capacitance Voltage

There has been an increasing interest towards organic solar cells after the discovery of conjugated polymer and bulk-heterojunction concept. Eventhough organic solar cells are less expensive than inorganic solar cells but the power conversion energy is still considered low. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of the P3HT’s thickness and concentration towards the efficiency of the P3HT:Graphene solar cells. A simulation software that is specialize for photovoltaic called SCAPS is used in this research to simulate the effect on the solar cells. The solar cell’s structure will be drawn inside the simulation and the parameters for each layers is inserted. The result such as the open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), efficiency (η), capacitance-voltage (C-V) and capacitance-frequency (C-f) characteristic will be calculated by the software and all the results will be put into one graph.

Electronic Properties of Polymer-Fullerene Solar Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dyakonov ◽  
I. Riedel ◽  
C. Deibel ◽  
J. Parisi ◽  
C. J. Brabec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Admittance Spectroscopy ◽  
Spin Resonance

ABSTRACTWe studied the electronic transport properties of conjugated polymer/fullerene based solar cells by means of temperature and illumination intensity dependent current-voltage characteristics, admittance spectroscopy and light-induced electron spin resonance. The short-circuit current density increases with temperature at all light illumination intensities applied, i.e., from 100 mW/cm2 to 0.1 mW/cm2 (white light), whereas a temperature independent behavior was expected. An increase of the open-circuit voltage from 850 mV to 940 mV was observed, when cooling down the device from room temperature to 100 K. The fill factor depends strongly on temperature with a positive temperature coefficient in the whole temperature range. In contrast, the light intensity dependence of the fill factor shows a maximum of 52% at intermediate illumination intensities (3 mW/cm2) and decreases subsequently, when increasing the intensity up to 100 mW/cm2. Further studies by admittance spectroscopy revealed two frequency dependent contributions to the device capacitance. One, as we believe, originates from trapping states located at the interface between composite and metal electrode with an activation energy of EA=180 meV, and the other one is from very shallow bulk states with EA=10 meV. The origin of the latter is possibly the thermally activated conductivity. The photo-generation of charge carriers and their fate in these blends have been studied by light-induced electron spin resonance. We can clearly distinguish between photo-generated electrons and holes in the composites due to different spectroscopic splitting factors (g-factors). Additional information on the environmental axial symmetry of the holes located on the polymer chains as well as on a lower, rhombic, symmetry of the electrons located on the methanofullerene molecules has been obtained. The origin of the signals and parameters of the g-tensor have been confirmed from studies on a hole doped polymer.

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