scholarly journals Circadian Disruption Leads to Loss of Homeostasis and Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Escobar ◽  
Roberto Salgado-Delgado ◽  
Eduardo Gonzalez-Guerra ◽  
Araceli Tapia Osorio ◽  
Manuel Angeles-Castellanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Night Work ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Sleep Phase ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Circadian Misalignment

The relevance of a synchronized temporal order for adaptation and homeostasis is discussed in this review. We present evidence suggesting that an altered temporal order between the biological clock and external temporal signals leads to disease. Evidence mainly based on a rodent model of “night work” using forced activity during the sleep phase suggests that altered activity and feeding schedules, out of phase from the light/dark cycle, may be the main cause for the loss of circadian synchrony and disease. It is proposed that by avoiding food intake during sleep hours the circadian misalignment and adverse consequences can be prevented. This review does not attempt to present a thorough revision of the literature, but instead it aims to highlight the association between circadian disruption and disease with special emphasis on the contribution of feeding schedules in circadian synchrony.

scholarly journals Impact of Time-Restricted Feeding to Late Night on Adaptation to a 6 h Phase Advance of the Light-Dark Cycle in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyin Ren ◽  
Changxiao Ma ◽  
Lihong Chen ◽  
Garret A. FitzGerald ◽  
Guangrui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Late Night ◽  
Normal Light

In modern society, more and more people suffer from circadian disruption, which in turn affects health. But until now, there are no widely accepted therapies for circadian disorders. Rhythmic feeding behavior is one of the most potent non-photic zeitgebers, thus it has been suggested that it was important to eat during specific periods of time (time-restricted feeding, TRF) so that feeding is aligned with environmental cues under normal light/dark conditions. Here, we challenged mice with a 6 h advanced shift, combined with various approaches to TRF, and found that food restricted to the second half of the nights after the shift facilitated adaptation. This coincided with improved resilience to sepsis. These results raise the possibility of reducing the adverse responses to jet lag by subsequent timing of food intake.

scholarly journals Implications of Lifestyle and Occupational Factors on the Risk of Breast Cancer in Shiftwork Nurses

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Javier Fagundo-Rivera ◽  
Regina Allande-Cussó ◽  
Mónica Ortega-Moreno ◽  
Juan Jesús García-Iglesias ◽  
Adolfo Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Night Work ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Factors

Shift work that involves circadian disruption has been highlighted as a likely carcinogenic factor for breast cancer in humans. Also, unhealthy lifestyle habits observed in night work nurses could be causally related to an increase in the incidence of estrogen-positive breast tumours in this population. Assessing baseline risk of breast cancer in nurses is essential. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of breast cancer that nurses had in relation to their lifestyle and labour factors related to shift work. A cross-sectional descriptive study through a questionnaire about sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health, and working life was designed. The sample consisted of 966 nurses. The relationship between variables was tested. A binary logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were performed. The most significant labour variables in relation to the risk of breast cancer were the number of years worked (more than 16 years; p < 0.01; OR = 8.733, 95% CI = 2.811, 27.134) and the total years performing more than 3 nights per month (10 or more years; p < 0.05; OR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.008, 5.220). Also, the nights worked throughout life (over 500; OR = 4.190, 95% CI = 2.118, 8.287) were significant in the analysis. Nurses who had or ever had breast cancer valued their self-perceived health more negatively (p < 0.001) and referred a lower quality of sleep (p < 0.001) than the non-cases nurses. The occupational factors derived from night work could have several impacts on nurses’ health and their family-work balance. Promoting healthy lifestyles, informing about shift work risks, and adjusting shift work schedules are critical methods to decrease the possible effects of circadian disruption in nurses.

The effect of changes in nutrient demand on gastrointestinal parasitism in lactating rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 12-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Normanton ◽  
J. G. M. Houdijk ◽  
N. S. Jessop ◽  
D. P. Knox ◽  
I. Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Nutrient Demand ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Immunological Changes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasitism ◽  
Protein Supply

A recent study carried out by Houdijk et al (2005), used a rodent model to assess whether a reduction in protein scarcity during lactation resulted in a reduced degree of parasitism. Feeding high protein foods resulted in a reduced worm burden, but was confounded with increased food intake per se. Therefore, effects observed on parasitism may not necessarily have been associated with an increased protein supply, but with changes in the gut environment due to the increased food intake. Before this model can be used to assess the underlying immune responses, further work is needed to verify that the effects observed are indeed related to changes in nutrient supply. This experiment aimed to provide further evidence on the nutritional control of parasitism during lactation by manipulating nutrient demand. It was expected that the latter would not be associated with changes in food intake per se and results could therefore be used to exclude the influence of non-immunological changes in the gut environment as a contributing factor of reduced parasitism.

Temperature dependence of rat circadian pacemaker

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. R17-R20 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Temperature Compensation ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Circadian Pacemaker ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Neonatal Stage

Blind female rats were maintained in running-wheel cages in a 12-h light-dark cycle. Hypothermia was induced by ether anesthesia, wetting of the fur by ethanol, and covering with ice. Rats were put in restraining cages and colonic temperatures were maintained between 20 and 32 degrees C for 3-16 h by cooling with ice and water. On recovery from hypothermia, the rats were replaced in their home wheels. Examination of the activity records showed significant phase delays associated with temperatures lower than 28 degrees C. At 20 degrees C, the phase delays indicated that the clock was running at about 64% normal speed giving a mean Q10 of 1.33, which is quite a bit higher than previously reported. It is speculated that, because the rat maintains its body temperature within narrow limits after the neonatal stage, it has lost the precise temperature compensation for the period of its biological clock that has been so well documented in other organisms.

Entrainment of circadian phase in developing gray short-tailed opossums: mother vs. environment.

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. E384
Author(s):  
S A Rivkees ◽  
S M Reppert
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
Monodelphis Domestica ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Environmental Light ◽  
Circadian Time ◽  
Retinohypothalamic Tract ◽  
Marsupial Species

In a marsupial species, the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica), the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the site of a circadian clock, are formed postnatally and begin oscillating as a circadian clock on day 20. In this study, we examined how the timing (phase) of the SCN clock in the developing opossum is coordinated to the environmental light-dark cycle. When pups were reared from birth in darkness by intact dams, the circadian phases in SCN metabolic activity (monitored by 2-deoxy-D-[14C]glucose autoradiography) in 27-day-old pups were desynchronized. When pups were reared in a light-dark cycle that was 12 h out of phase with the circadian time of blinded dams, the pattern of SCN metabolic activity on day 20 was rhythmic and in phase with the light-dark cycle but out of phase with the circadian time of the dam. On day 20, retina-mediated light activation of SCN metabolic activity was also demonstrated, and anterograde tract-tracing studies revealed the presence of the retinohypothalamic tract within the SCN. These results show there is no influence of the opossum dam on the timing of the pup's biological clock. Instead, from the inception of the daily rhythm in SCN metabolic activity, its timing is regulated by retina-mediated light-dark entrainment.

Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on meal patterns of Zucker rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (5) ◽  
pp. R584-R594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Freedman ◽  
T. W. Castonguay ◽  
J. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Male obese and lean Zucker rats were adrenalectomized (ADX) or sham-operated at 10 wk of age. Approximately 16 wk later, patterns of food intake were monitored by computer-interfaced top loading balances. Data were collected from ADX rats before, during, and after access to a corticosterone-supplemented saline solution (20 micrograms/ml). Although total food intake during the precorticosterone treatment period was not different between ADX and sham controls, ADX resulted in attenuation of light cycle food intake, primarily via decreased meal frequency. With steroid replacement, light cycle meal frequency and food intake increased. Despite comparable self-administered dose (20.33 +/- 0.89 vs. 17.05 +/- 1.2 mg corticosterone/period, obese vs. lean), obese ADX rats were more responsive to steroid than were lean ADX rats. This increased responsiveness was reflected by a 30% increase in food intake and 60% increase in body weight gain of obese ADX rats during replacement. Lean ADX rats exhibited no change in total food intake or weight gain with replacement. Further, during corticosterone treatment, obese ADX rats increased meal frequency, total food intake, and consumption of large meals (greater than or equal to 4 g) during the dark cycle. Significant postprandial correlations were found only in obese ADX rats, both with and without replacement during the dark cycle. These results suggest adrenal glucocorticoids have a minimal effect on food intake and meal patterns in lean Zucker rats but significantly alter intake and meal patterns in obese rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Resveratrol on Daily Rhythms of Locomotor Activity and Body Temperature in Young and Aged Grey Mouse Lemurs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Pifferi ◽  
Alexandre Dal-Pan ◽  
Solène Languille ◽  
Fabienne Aujard
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Biological Clock ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aged Mouse ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Mouse Lemurs ◽  
Body Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Activity Onset

In several species, resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, activates sirtuin proteins implicated in the regulation of energy balance and biological clock processes. To demonstrate the effect of resveratrol on clock function in an aged primate, young and aged mouse lemurs(Microcebus murinus)were studied over a 4-week dietary supplementation with resveratrol. Spontaneous locomotor activity and daily variations in body temperature were continuously recorded. Reduction in locomotor activity onset and changes in body temperature rhythm in resveratrol-supplemented aged animals suggest an improved synchronisation on the light-dark cycle. Resveratrol could be a good candidate to restore the circadian rhythms in the elderly.

Functional assessment of the 5-HT 1A-, 1B-, 2A/2C-, and 3-receptor subtypes on food intake and metabolic rate in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. R14-R20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bovetto ◽  
D. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Daily Cycle ◽  
Ru 24969 ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Transient Elevation ◽  
Nocturnal Rise

The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) agonists (+/-)-8-hydroxydipropylaminotetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT), RU-24969, (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane hydrochloride (DOI), and 1-phenylbiguanide were administered to male Wistar rats to assess the respective involvement of the 5-HT 1A-, 1B-, 2A/2C-, and 3-receptor subtypes in the control of food intake and metabolic rate (VO2). Four series of experiments were carried out, each series addressing the effects of four doses (including saline or dose 0) of each of the agonists selected. The drugs were intraperitoneally injected in spontaneously fed animals. Injections were performed during the first 15 min of either the diurnal or the nocturnal phases of the light-dark daily cycle. Food intake and VO2 measurements were carried out over the 12-h periods ensuing after the agonist injections. The two highest doses of the 5-HT1A-receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT led to a quickly appearing but transient elevation of diurnal VO2. During the night, VO2 was higher when the rats were treated with 8-OH-DPAT than when they were treated with saline. There was no significant effect of 8-OH-DPAT on either diurnal or noctural food intake. The highest dose of RU-24969 induced a significant increase in diurnal VO2, whereas all doses of RU-24969 blunted the nocturnal rise in metabolic rate characteristically observed in rats kept under a daily light-dark cycle. Importantly, RU-24969 induced marked diurnal and nocturnal hypophagia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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