scholarly journals Molecular and Immunological Characterization ofStaphylococcus aureusin Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: Implications for Prophylaxis and Clinical Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Pascolini ◽  
JoLinda Sinagra ◽  
Simone Pecetta ◽  
Valentina Bordignon ◽  
Alessandra De Santis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Immunological Characterization ◽  
Virtual Identity ◽  
Close Contacts

S. aureusrepresents a critical cofactor in atopic dermatitis (AD). In this paper, the prevalence ofS. aureusinfection/colonization was evaluated in 117 children as well as in their cohabitants, in order to assess the value ofS. aureuscharacterization in predicting disease onset and severity and in providing indications for prophylaxis. Results showed that children with AD as well as their cohabitants had a significantly greater incidence ofS. aureusinfection/colonization as compared to controls. The genetic characterization showed a virtual identity of the bacteria strains collected at different sites of the patients with those found in the cohabitants, suggesting both a direct transmission between the nasal reservoir and the lesions in the same atopic subject and a risk for reinfection within family cohabitants. These data stress the need of preliminary laboratory assessment and posttherapy control in both AD patients and their close contacts for effectiveS. aureuseradication.

scholarly journals Longitudinal atopic dermatitis control and persistence vary with timing of disease onset in children: A cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1292-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Wan ◽  
Nandita Mitra ◽  
Ole J. Hoffstad ◽  
Albert C. Yan ◽  
David J. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Onset

scholarly journals Patterns of Clinical Management of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants and Toddlers: A Survey of Three Physician Specialties in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 1747-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Saavedra ◽  
Mark Boguniewicz ◽  
Sarah Chamlin ◽  
Alan Lake ◽  
Susan Nedorost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infants And Toddlers

scholarly journals Nagashima-Type Palmoplantar Keratosis: Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Characterization, and Clinical Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yali Yang ◽  
Xingyu Huang ◽  
Zongke Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Gene Characterization ◽  
Clade B ◽  
Palmoplantar Keratosis ◽  
Hands And Feet

Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratosis (NPPK) is the most prevalent palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) in East Asia. Homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), and member 70 (SERPINB7), which encodes members of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, have been identified as the cause of NPPK. Clinical manifestations of NPPK include well-demarcated erythema, mild to moderate hyperkeratosis on the whole palm, and sole with transgrediens, extending to the dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet, inner wrists, ankles, and the Achilles tendon areas. In this study, we perform a review of relevant clinical cases aimed at elucidating the clinical characteristics, genetic characterization, differential diagnoses, and clinical management of NPPK. A better understanding of the clinical characteristics and pathogenic gene characterization of NPPK will enhance the diagnosis of NPPK, identify related diseases, and inform on the precise therapy and prognosis. Moreover, it will promote the awareness of NPPK in non-Asian regions.

scholarly journals LIGHT–HVEM signaling in keratinocytes controls development of dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Herro ◽  
Jr-Wen Shui ◽  
Sonja Zahner ◽  
Daniel Sidler ◽  
Yuko Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Conditional Deletion ◽  
Tnf Superfamily ◽  
Dermal Collagen

Dermatitis is often associated with an allergic reaction characterized by excessive type 2 responses leading to epidermal acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and dermal inflammation. Although factors like IL-4, IL-13, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are thought to be instrumental for the development of this type of skin disorder, other cytokines may be critical. Here, we show that the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily protein LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxin, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for binding to HVEM, a receptor expressed on T lymphocytes) is required for experimental atopic dermatitis, and LIGHT directly controls keratinocyte hyperplasia, and production of periostin, a matricellular protein that contributes to the clinical features of atopic dermatitis as well as other skin diseases such as scleroderma. Mice with a conditional deletion of the LIGHT receptor HVEM (herpesvirus entry mediator) in keratinocytes phenocopied LIGHT-deficient mice in exhibiting reduced epidermal thickening and dermal collagen deposition in a model of atopic dermatitis driven by house dust mite allergen. LIGHT signaling through HVEM in human epidermal keratinocytes directly induced proliferation and periostin expression, and both keratinocyte-specific deletion of HVEM or antibody blocking of LIGHT–HVEM interactions after disease onset prevented expression of periostin and limited atopic dermatitis symptoms. Developing reagents that neutralize LIGHT–HVEM signaling might be useful for therapeutic intervention in skin diseases where periostin is a central feature.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in recovered COVID-19 cases and the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in recovered COVID-19 cases and close contacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintana Chirathaworn ◽  
Manit Sripramote ◽  
Piti Chalongviriyalert ◽  
Supunee Jirajariyavej ◽  
Phatharaporn Kiatpanabhikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Contacts

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 and has spread globally. Although Thailand has been effective at controlling the spread of COVID-19, disease surveillance and information on antibody responses in infected cases and close contacts are needed because there is still no specific treatment or vaccine available. We investigated 217 recovered COVID-19 cases to monitor their viral RNA shedding and production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The presence of antibodies in blood samples from 308 close contacts of COVID-19 cases was also determined. Viral RNA was still detectable in 6.6 % of recovered COVID-19 cases. The most prolonged duration of viral RNA shedding detected in this study was 105 days. IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 13.82, 88.48, and 83.41 % of the recovered cases 4–12 weeks after disease onset, respectively. Although the patients had recovered from their illness, the levels of antibodies detected showed association with their symptoms during their stay in hospital. Fifteen of the 308 contacts (4.87 %) of COVID-19 cases tested positive for IgG antibodies. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 suggested that there was viral exposure among close contacts. Viral clearance and the pattern of antibody responses in infected individuals are both crucial for effectively combatting SARS-CoV-2. Our study provides additional information on the natural history of this newly emerging disease related to both natural host defenses and a strategy for vaccine development.

scholarly journals The Role of the Environmental Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Outcome of Atopic Dermatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Bonamonte ◽  
Angela Filoni ◽  
Michelangelo Vestita ◽  
Paolo Romita ◽  
Caterina Foti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxins ◽  
Immunologic Factors

Atopic dermatitis (AD) prevalence is rising worldwide. Literature data suggest the incidence of AD in developing countries is gradually getting close to that of developed ones, in which AD affects 20% of the paediatric population. Such an increment, associated with significant variations in prevalence among the various countries, underlines the importance of environmental factors in the disease onset. Among these, great importance is given to hygiene, intestinal microbiota, exposure to bacterial endotoxins, outdoor living with contact to animals, atmospheric pollution, weather, and diet. Genetic (alteration of the skin barrier function) as well as immunologic factors concur with the environmental ones. Only the systematical study of all these elements can best elucidate AD epidemiology.

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