scholarly journals Obesity and the Ageing Brain: Could Leptin Play a Role in Neurodegeneration?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Human Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Signalling System ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ageing Brain

Obesity and ageing are both characteristics of the human population that are on the increase across the globe. It has long been established that ageing is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, and it is becoming increasingly evident that obesity is another such factor. Leptin resistance or insensitivity has been uncovered as a cause of obesity, and in addition the leptin signalling system is less potent in the elderly. Taken together, these findings reveal that this molecule may be a link between neurodegeneration and obesity or ageing. It is now known that leptin has beneficial effects on both the survival and neurophysiology of the neurons that are lost in Alzheimer's disease suggesting that it may be an important research target in the quest for strategies to prevent, halt, or cure this condition.

Advanced Parental Age: A Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease or Depression in the Elderly?

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Ptok ◽  
Andreas Papassotiropoulos ◽  
Wolfgang Maier ◽  
Reinhard Heun
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
Family History Information ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Background: Advanced parental age has been suggested as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as for other psychiatric disorders. In the present investigation, a sample of gerontopsychiatric patients was examined for a possible parental age effect. Study Population and Methods: Eighty-three patients with AD, 154 elderly patients with depressive episodes, and 48 comorbid patients (AD and depressive episode) as well as 107 age-matched healthy control subjects from the general population were included in the investigation. Information on the years of birth of the parents was derived from personal or family history information. Results: The mean maternal and paternal ages at the time of birth of the index subject were not significantly different for the different diagnostic subgroups or for the control sample. Conclusion: There was no evidence in our sample that advanced parental age increases the risk of AD or depression in the elderly.

scholarly journals Short-term resistance exercise inhibits neuroinflammation and attenuates neuropathological changes in 3xTg Alzheimer’s disease mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
John Man Tak Chu ◽  
Tim Yan ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract Background Both human and animal studies have shown beneficial effects of physical exercise on brain health but most tend to be based on aerobic rather than resistance type regimes. Resistance exercise has the advantage of improving both muscular and cardiovascular function, both of which can benefit the frail and the elderly. However, the neuroprotective effects of resistance training in cognitive impairment are not well characterized. Methods We evaluated whether short-term resistant training could improve cognitive function and pathological changes in mice with pre-existing cognitive impairment. Nine-month-old 3xTg mouse underwent a resistance training protocol of climbing up a 1-m ladder with a progressively heavier weight loading. Results Compared with sedentary counterparts, resistance training improved cognitive performance and reduced neuropathological and neuroinflammatory changes in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of mice. In line with these results, inhibition of pro-inflammatory intracellular pathways was also demonstrated. Conclusions Short-term resistance training improved cognitive function in 3xTg mice, and conferred beneficial effects on neuroinflammation, amyloid and tau pathology, as well as synaptic plasticity. Resistance training may represent an alternative exercise strategy for delaying disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals Mild TBI in the elderly – risk factor for rapid cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puiu Olivian Stovicek ◽  
◽  
Carol Friedmann ◽  
Dragoş Marinescu ◽  
Ion Alexandru Văduva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mild Tbi

scholarly journals A Pilot Study Evaluating the Contribution ofSLC19A1(RFC-1) 80G>A Polymorphism to Alzheimer’s Disease in Italian Caucasians

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Coppedè ◽  
Pierpaola Tannorella ◽  
Gloria Tognoni ◽  
Silvia Bagnoli ◽  
Paolo Bongioanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Italian Origin ◽  
Circulating Levels

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary form of dementia in the elderly. Polymorphisms of genes involved in folate metabolism have been frequently suggested as risk factors for sporadic AD. A common c.80G>A polymorphism (rs1051266) in the gene coding for the reduced folate carrier (SLC19A1gene, commonly known asRFC-1gene) was investigated as AD risk factor in Asian populations, yielding conflicting results. We screened a Caucasian population of Italian origin composed of 192 sporadic AD patients and 186 healthy matched controls, for the presence of theRFC-1c.80G>A polymorphism, and searched for correlation with circulating levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12. No difference in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies was observed between AD patients and controls. No correlation was observed among the genotypes generated by theRFC-1c.80G>A polymorphism and circulating levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 either in the whole cohort of subjects or after stratification into clinical subtypes. Present results do not support a role for theRFC-1c.80G>A polymorphism as independent risk factor for sporadic AD in Italian Caucasians.

scholarly journals The Effects of SIRT1 on Alzheimer's Disease Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Donmez
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Age Related

Sirtuins are highly conserved NAD+-dependent enzymes that were shown to have beneficial effects against age-related diseases. Aging is the major risk factor for all neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Sirtuins have been widely studied in the context of AD using different mouse models. In most of these studies, overexpression of SIRT1 has been shown to have protective effects against AD. Therefore, designing therapeutics based on increasing SIRT1 activity might be important for investigating the ways of treatment for this disease. This paper summarizes the recent research on the effect of SIRT1 in AD animal models and also the potential of SIRT1 being a therapeutical target for AD.

Effect Of Nhexane Extract Of Caryota No Seed On Markers Of Neurodegeneration And Fecundity In Drosophila Melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chinonye A Maduagwuna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation

Study background: Chronic neuroinflammation is a common emerging hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly and is characterized by loss of memory and other cognitive functions.

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