scholarly journals Scale Space Methods for Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Patients' Blood Glucose Values

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stein Olav Skrøvseth ◽  
Fred Godtliebsen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Scale Space ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Diabetes Patients

We describe how scale space methods can be used for quantitative analysis of blood glucose concentrations from type 2 diabetes patients. Blood glucose values were recorded voluntarily by the patients over one full year as part of a self-management process, where the time and frequency of the recordings are decided by the patients. This makes a unique dataset in its extent, though with a large variation in reliability of the recordings. Scale space and frequency space techniques are suited to reveal important features of unevenly sampled data, and useful for identifying medically relevant features for use both by patients as part of their self-management process, and provide useful information for physicians.

scholarly journals Management of Chronic Disease and Hospitalization Due to Diabetes among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Korea: Using the National Sample Cohort Data 2002–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Sang Lee ◽  
Woorim Kim ◽  
Sarah Oh ◽  
Jieun Yang ◽  
Jieun Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Diabetes Patients

To prevent negative outcomes for diabetes patients, developing self-management skills is imperative. This study aimed to examine the association between management of chronic disease (MCD), which mainly involves educating patients about their chronic diseases for obtaining self-management skills and hospitalization due to diabetes among type 2 diabetes patients in Korea. Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. A total of 54,031 type 2 diabetes patients were included in the study. If patients received the MCD within 1 year from the onset of diabetes, we categorized them as “MCD received patients” We reclassified these groups into five groups: “non-receiving”, “1–3 times”, “4–6 times”, “7–9 times” and “10–12 times” The dependent variable of this study was hospitalization due to diabetes. Cox proportional hazard regression was used. Of the patients, 86.2% (n = 46,571) did not received the MCD within the 1 year from the onset of diabetes. The number of MCDs received increased and the hazard ratio (HR) for hospitalization due to diabetes decreased; particularly, patients who received MCD 10–12 times per annum showed the lowest HR for hospitalization due to diabetes compared to patients in the MCD non-received group (1–3 times per annum: HR: 0.81, p = 0.0001; 4–6 times per annum: HR: 0.82, p = 0.0248; 7–9 times per annum: HR: 0.75, p = 0.0054; 10–12 times per annum: HR: 0.61, p < 0.0001). Considering the importance of raising self-managing diabetes skills, the findings can aid in determining the outcomes of the MCD program.

scholarly journals Triangulating evidence for the causal impact of single-dose zinc supplement on glycemic control for type-2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyang Wang ◽  
Carine Ronsmans ◽  
Benjamin Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Zinc Supplement ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Although previous studies suggested the protective effect of zinc for type-2 diabetes, the unitary causal effect remains inconclusive. Objective: We investigated the causal effect of zinc as a single intervention on glycemic control in type-2 diabetes patients, using a systematic review of RCTs and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Four outcomes were identified: fasting blood glucose/fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum insulin/fasting insulin level. In the systematic review, four databases were searched up to June 2021. Results were synthesized through the random-effects meta-analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are independent and are strongly related to zinc supplements were selected from MR-base to perform the two-sample MR with inverse-variance weighted (IVW) coefficient. Results: In the systematic review, 14 trials were included. The zinc supplement led to a significant reduction in the post-trial mean of fasting blood glucose (mean difference (MD): -26.52, 95%CI: -35.13, -17.91), HbA1C (MD: -0.52, 95%CI: -0.90, -0.13), and HOMA-IR (MD: -1.65, 95%CI: -2.62, -0.68), compared to the control group. In the two-sample MR, zinc supplement with 2 SNPs associated with lower fasting glucose (IVW coefficient: -2.04, 95%CI: -3.26, -0.83), but not specified type-2 diabetes. Conclusion: Although the study was limited by the few trials (review) and SNPs (two-sample MR), we demonstrated that the single zinc supplementary improved glycemic control among type-2 diabetes patients with causal evidence to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Effect of glucose on reduced glutathione level in Malay uncomplicated type 2 diabetes patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Subandrate ◽  
Raafqi Ranasasmita
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Increasing blood sugar level may increase free radical compounds in type 2 diabetes. Free radical compounds can cause oxidative stress, thereby decreasing endogenous antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH). Objective: This study aimed to determine whether random blood glucose levels affect GSH in type 2 diabetes patients within the Malay race. Methods: This study was observational with case-control, involving 25 patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes (receiving metformin and/or glimipiride) and 25 healthy controls. Random blood glucose levels were determined using ACCU-CHECK® Kit. Blood GSH levels were determined by Sigma GSH Assay Kit. Results: Results show that type 2 diabetes patients have a significantly lower random blood glucose level compared with those of age-matched normal subjects (p<0.0001). Type 2 diabetic patients had significantly lower levels of GSH (p=0.00) than those of age-matched normal subjects. We found a moderate negative correlation (r=-0.437 and p=0.02) between the level of random blood glucose and the level of GSH. Conclusion: The depletion of GSH during hyperglycemia may neutralize the free radicals indirectly generated by the abundant of glucose.  

Telemedicine-Assisted Self-Management Program for Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja von Storch ◽  
Elisabeth Graaf ◽  
Max Wunderlich ◽  
Christian Rietz ◽  
M. Cristina Polidori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Longitudinal Effects of an Intergenerational mHealth Program for Older Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Rural Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Yu ◽  
Shinyi Wu ◽  
Pey-Jiuan Lee ◽  
Du-An Wu ◽  
Hsin-Yi Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Endocrinology Clinic ◽  
Clinic Visits

Purpose The purpose of the study is to test the longitudinal efficacy of a mHealth intervention (Intergenerational Mobile Technology Opportunities Program, IMTOP) for older type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in rural Taiwan. Few mHealth programs targeted rural older adults and the longitudinal effects are unknown. Methods Ninety-seven T2DM patients aged 55+ were recruited from an outpatient in Hualien, Taiwan. The intervention comprised 8-week technology and diabetes self-management training and 4-week technical support. College student tutors facilitated T2DM patients to learn technology. Participants used a diabetes self-management app to track health behaviors. Outcomes measured at baseline and at 4 and 8 months including patient-reported self-care behaviors, T2DM symptoms, clinical outcomes, health resource utilization, and medical expenditure. Linear mixed-effect regressions of repeated measures were conducted for each outcome. Results At 4 months, improvements in self-care behaviors were reported in diet, exercise, smoking, and blood glucose testing. Patients paid less endocrinology clinic visits, spent less on endocrinology medications, and improvements in fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol were observed. At 8 months, the statistical significance of improvements in diet and smoking were maintained, and the averaged endocrinology clinic visits remained less than baseline. However, more frequent occurrence of diabetes symptoms were reported at both follow-ups. Conclusions: IMTOP had lasting effects on diet and decreased smoking behavior, clinic visits, and medication costs over 8 months. Self-monitoring through an app increased awareness and may explain the increased reporting of diabetes symptoms. IMTOP is a promising model for promoting T2DM self-management in rural areas.

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