scholarly journals Elderly at Greater Risk for Root Caries: A Look at the Multifactorial Risks with Emphasis on Genetics Susceptibility

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gati ◽  
Alexandre R. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Medical Factors

Root caries is one of the most significant dental problems among older adults today. Many studies have demonstrated that older adults are at greater risk for developing root caries. Here we examine what risk factors older adults are prone to and explain how they contribute to higher rates of oral disease, in particular root caries. The elderly are at risk for root caries due to dentures, lack of dexterity, a shift from complex to simple sugars, and poor oral hygiene. Decreased salivary flow and its manifestations with other social/behavioral and medical factors may provide a more comprehensive explanation to a higher frequency of root caries in older adults.

scholarly journals A Retrospective analysis of Oral Hygiene status among Geriatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Dharahaas C ◽  
Jeevitha M ◽  
Mahathi N
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Hospital

Geriatric patients need adequate oral health care which can greatly influence their overall general health. A large population of the elderly patients due to poor oral hygiene suffer from periodontal disease and root caries which can lead to edentulousness. The present study analysed the oral hygiene status among geriatric patients visiting dental hospital in an institution. A total of 86000 patient records were reviewed from June 2019 - April 2020. 233 geriatric patients were included in the study. The gender, age and Oral Hygiene Index- Simplified (OHI-S) of the patients were recorded and statistically analysed. The study consisted of 233 patients out of which 66 patients (28.6%) were females and 165 (71.4%) were males. The results showed that 31% of the patients had good oral hygiene, 60% showed fair and 9% of the patients showed poor oral hygiene. 34.6% of the females had good oral hygiene and 57.5% had fair oral hygiene. 30% of the males showed good oral hygiene and 60% had fair oral hygiene. Within the limits of the study, it was evident that most of the geriatric patients had fair oral hygiene status.

scholarly journals Association between infection with Campylobacter species, poor oral health and environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer: a hospital-based case–control study in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arisara Poosari ◽  
Thitima Nutravong ◽  
Prakasit Sa-ngiamwibool ◽  
Wises Namwat ◽  
Supaporn Chatrchaiwiwatana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thailand. Thus, this study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population of Thailand. Methods Data from a case–control study were collected from 105 newly diagnosed EC cases and 105 controls recruited from 2007 to 2017. Infection with Campylobacter spp. was detected in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of EC taken from gastroesophageal biopsy specimens obtained from the participants, and evaluated using TaqMan® real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and perform data analysis. Results Smoking, alcohol use, a family history of cancer, history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection were shown to be significant risk factors for EC (p  <  0.05). The combination of poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. constituted significant risk for EC (p  <  0.001). In addition, the risk of EC in subjects co-infected with C. rectus and C. concisus that practiced poor oral hygiene was even higher and was significant (ORadj  =  4.7; 95% CI 2.41–9.98; p  =  0.003). Conclusions In Thailand, the major risk factors for EC are smoking status, alcohol drinking, family history of cancer, GERD, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection. This study found Campylobacter spp. prevalence to be associated with EC and appears to be enhanced by poor oral hygiene, suggesting that a combination of poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter species infection may together act as an important etiological risk factor for EC.

scholarly journals Oral health in asthmatic patients: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Gani ◽  
Marco Caminati ◽  
Fabio Bellavia ◽  
Andrea Baroso ◽  
Paolo Faccioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Inhaled Drugs ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Inhaled Steroids

Abstract Different drugs used to treat asthma, such as beta 2 agonists and inhaled steroids, may promote a higher risk of caries, dental erosion, periodontal disease and oral candidiasis. This article reviews the evidences of mechanisms involved in oral diseases in patients affected by asthma. The main mechanism involved is the reduction of salivary flow. Other mechanisms include: acid pH in oral cavity induced by inhaled drugs (particularly dry powder inhaled), lifestyle (bad oral hygiene and higher consumption of sweet and acidic drinks), gastroesophageal reflux, and the impairment of local immunity. In conclusion asthma is involved in the genesis of oral pathologies both directly and indirectly due to the effect of the drugs used to treat them. Other cofactors such as poor oral hygiene increase the risk of developing oral diseases in these patients. Preventive oral measures, therefore, should be part of a global care for patients suffering from asthma.

scholarly journals How to Intervene in the Caries Process in Older Adults: A Joint ORCA and EFCD Expert Delphi Consensus Statement

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Sebastian Paris ◽  
Avijit Banerjee ◽  
Peter Bottenberg ◽  
Lorenzo Breschi ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Delphi Consensus ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Caries Lesions

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> To provide recommendations for dental clinicians for the management of dental caries in older adults with special emphasis on root caries lesions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A consensus workshop followed by a Delphi consensus process were conducted with an expert panel nominated by ORCA, EFCD, and DGZ boards. Based on a systematic review of the literature, as well as non-systematic literature search, recommendations for clinicians were developed and consented in a two-stage Delphi process. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Demographic and epidemiologic changes will significantly increase the need of management of older adults and root caries in the future. Ageing is associated with a decline of intrinsic capacities and an increased risk of general diseases. As oral and systemic health are linked, bidirectional consequences of diseases and interventions need to be considered. Caries prevention and treatment in older adults must respond to the patient’s individual abilities for self-care and cooperation and often involves the support of caregivers. Systemic interventions may involve dietary counselling, oral hygiene instruction, the use of fluoridated toothpastes, and the stimulation of salivary flow. Local interventions to manage root lesions may comprise local biofilm control, application of highly fluoridated toothpastes or varnishes as well as antimicrobial agents. Restorative treatment is often compromised by the accessibility of such root caries lesions as well as the ability of the senior patient to cooperate. If optimum restorative treatment is impossible or inappropriate, long-term stabilization, e.g., by using glass-ionomer cements, and palliative treatments that aim to maintain oral function as long and as well as possible may be the treatment of choice for the individual.

scholarly journals Association between Root Caries and Depressive Symptoms among Elders in Carlos Barbosa, RS, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio Pereira D’Avila ◽  
Eliana Wendland ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Hilgert ◽  
Dalva Maria Pereira Padilha ◽  
Fernando Neves Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between depressive symptoms and root caries among independent-living older persons. All community-dwelling older adults (not hospitalized and not bedridden) living in Carlos Barbosa, RS, Brazil, were invited to participate, and 785 completed the study protocol (standardized questionnaire assessing socio-demographic information and health behavior, Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS] - brief version, and oral examination [DMFT-Root index, Visible Plaque Index and stimulated salivary flow]). Out of them, 390 participants with at least one natural tooth were included in the present analysis. The outcome of interest was the ratio between the number of decayed roots and the number of roots at risk. The association between independent variables (depression and socioeconomic aspects) and the outcome was assessed using negative binomial regression models. Results: The final, fully adjusted model revealed that age (β=0.03, p=0.001), female sex (β=-0.23, p=0.08), living in a rural area (β=0.25, p=0.008), tooth brushing frequency (β=0.43, p=0.025) and stimulated salivary flow (β=-0.012, p<0.0001) were significantly associated with the presence of root caries. In addition, the interaction between male sex and the presence of depression symptoms (β=-0.99, p=0.012) was also independently and significantly associated with root caries. The interaction between male sex and depression symptoms was associated with root caries, suggesting that psychological mechanisms may be involved indirectly in the development of root caries in older adults.

Geriatric Dentistry and Prevention: Research and Public Policy (Reaction Paper)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Meyerowitz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Geriatric Dentistry

The population of older adults is heterogeneous and can be divided into many subgroups: the young-old, the old-old, the healthy, the sick, the frail, the mentally and physically handicapped, the ambulatory, the chair-bound, house-bound or institution-bound, and the economically advantaged and disadvantaged. This diversity is extremely important to the discussion of the oral health needs, preventive health strategies, and research agenda for the elderly. As life expectancy increases, more attention is being paid to disease prevention so that the quality of life in old age can be improved. However, the link among oral health, systemic disease, and quality of life in the elderly needs to be better-defined. There is some evidence in the literature that indicates that coronal and root caries appear to be major health problems for the elderly. This needs to be corroborated in longitudinal studies. Although periodontal disease prevalence and severity are high in some subgroups of the elderly, these appear to be in decline in the general population. Dental health-care workers must be cognizant of the oral conditions associated with systemic disease and the use of medication, a major concern in older adults. Prevention of oral disease in the elderly requires early intervention, education of the dental health team, and innovative uses of well-established preventive agents such as fluoride. An extensive research effort is needed to answer basic and applied questions regarding the oral health needs of the elderly. Federal and private funding will be necessary. The dental profession will have to demonstrate and be persuasive that money spent on research and care for the elderly is money well spent.

Prevalence of Impaired Kidney Function in the German Elderly: Results from the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II)

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian König ◽  
Maik Gollasch ◽  
Ilja Demuth ◽  
Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aging Study

Background: In aging populations with an ever-growing burden of risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise. However, little is known about its exact prevalence among elderly adults, and often albuminuria is not included in the definition of CKD. Moreover, novel equations for the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have recently emerged, which have not been applied comprehensively to older adults. Data on CKD awareness among the elderly are sparse. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of CKD among older adults by eGFR and albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), compare the performance of 6 established and novel eGFR formulas, explore risk factors, and determine the awareness of CKD in a large cohort of community-dwelling elderly from Germany. Methods: A total of 1,628 subjects from the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) were included in this analysis (mean age 68.7 years; 51.2% female). Extensive cross-sectional data on sociodemographics, lifestyle, medication, and diagnoses were inquired during structured interviews and a medical examination, and blood and urine parameters were measured. Results: In all, 77.1% of the subjects had hypertension, 12.4% had diabetes, and 18.3% were obese. The prevalence of CKD strongly depended on the eGFR equations used: 25.4% (full age spectrum [FAS] equation), 24.6% (Berlin Initiative Study), 23.1% (Lund-Malmö revised), 19.3% (Cockcroft-Gault), 16.4% (Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD-EPI]), and 14.7% (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD]). Of the subjects with an eGFRFAS <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or an ACR >30 mg/g, only 3.9% were aware of having CKD. Polypharmacy, age, BMI, coronary artery disease, non-HDL cholesterol, and female sex were independently associated with CKD. Conclusions: CKD is prevalent among older adults in Germany, but awareness is low. The FAS equation detects higher rates of CKD than MDRD and CKD-EPI, which are most widely used at present. Also, when CKD is defined based on eGFR and albuminuria, considerably more people are identified than by eGFR alone. Finally, polypharmacy is associated with an increased risk for CKD in the elderly.

Assessment of metabolic syndrome risk factors among rural-dwelling older adults requires innovation: partnerships and a mobile unit can help

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Martha R. Crowther ◽  
Cassandra D. Ford ◽  
Latrice D. Vinson ◽  
Chao-Hui Huang ◽  
Ernest Wayde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Mobile Unit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Elders

Purpose Older adults are at risk for developing metabolic syndrome (MSX). Given the growing rural older adult population and the unknown prevalence rate of MSX in rural communities, the purpose of this paper is to assess the risk factors for MSX among rural elders. Design/methodology/approach Individuals aged 55+ from four West Alabama rural communities were assessed by an interdisciplinary healthcare team via a mobile unit (n=216). Descriptive analyses and analysis of variances (ANOVA) were conducted to assess the effect of gender, race and community on the number of risk factors of MSX among rural elders. Findings Results of a three-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between gender, age and community on the number of MSX risk factors [F (16,193)= 2.41, p <0.01]. Rural communities with lower social economic status (SES) and predominantly African American residents were at higher risk for developing MSX compared to communities with higher SES [F(3, 68) = 7.42, p<0.05]. Practical implications Findings suggest low SES rural communities are at risk of developing MSX. Innovative approaches such as mobile healthcare delivery are crucial to providing quality healthcare and preventive health screens to underserved rural older adult communities. Originality/value Limited research is available on assessing rural midlife and older adults at risk for metabolic syndrome largely due to lack of communication or transportation infrastructure and their history of negative experiences with public institutions. This research demonstrates that these barriers can be addressed.

The impact of forced migration on the mental health of the elderly: a scoping review

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Virgincar ◽  
Shannon Doherty ◽  
Chesmal Siriwardhana
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:The worldwide elderly population fraction is increasing, with the greatest rise in developing countries. Older adults affected by conflict and forced migration mainly taking place in developing countries may be particularly vulnerable to poor mental health due to other age-specific risk factors. This review aims to explore global evidence on the effect of conflict-induced forced migration on the mental health of older adults.Methods:Seven bibliographic databases were searched. The title and abstract of 797 results were reviewed for qualitative and quantitative studies meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:Six studies were selected for the in-depth review. Five papers assessed mental health in older adult populations displaced as refugees. One paper assessed mental health of older adults with varying immigration status.Conclusions:This review highlights the dearth of evidence about the impact of forced migration on the mental health of older adults. Further research is needed to explore the risk factors and processes that contribute to adverse mental health outcomes among older adult populations. This is essential to the development of interventions for this vulnerable and at-risk population, particularly in resource-poor settings.

scholarly journals Diet May Moderate the Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sarah Gauci ◽  
Lauren M. Young ◽  
David J. White ◽  
Jeffery M. Reddan ◽  
Annie-Claude Lassemillante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Cognitive decline is influenced by various factors including diet, cardiovascular disease, and glucose control. However, the combined effect of these risk factors on cognitive performance is yet to be fully understood. Objective: The current study aimed to explore the inter-relationship between these risk factors and cognitive performance in older adults at risk of future cognitive decline. Methods: The sample comprised 163 (Age: M = 65.23 years, SD = 6.50) participants. Food Frequency Questionnaire data was used to score diet quality and adherence to the Western Style Diet (WSD) and Prudent Style Diet (PSD). Glucose control was gauged by serum levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and arterial stiffness was measured using carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity. Cognitive performance was assessed using two subtests of the Swinburne University Computerized Cognitive Assessment Battery (SUCCAB) and Rey’s Verbal Learning Test (RVLT). Results: Diet quality, adherence to the WSD or PSD, and glucose control were not significantly related to cognitive outcomes. However, a significant negative association was found between arterial stiffness and the spatial working memory subtest of SUCCAB (β= –0.21, p <  0.05). Arterial stiffness also significantly interacted with the PSD to impact total recall (F change (1,134) = 5.37, p <  0.05) and the composite score of RVLT (F change (1,134) = 4.03, p <  0.05). Conclusion: In this sample of older adults at risk of cognitive decline, diet alone was not found to predict cognitive performance; however, it was found to moderate the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognition.

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