scholarly journals Normal Sweat Secretion Despite Impaired Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Axis in Obese Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Højby Rasmussen ◽  
Anders Juul ◽  
Katharina M. Main ◽  
Jannik Hilsted
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Sweat Secretion ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Secretion Rates

Adults with GH deficiency are known to exhibit reduced sweating. Whether sweating capacity is impacted in obese subjects with impaired GH secretion have not previously been investigated. The main objective was to investigate sweat secretion rate and the GH-IGF-I axis in obese subjects before and after weight loss. Sixteen severely obese women (BMI, 40.6 ± 1.1 kg/m2) were investigated before and after a diet-induced weight loss. Sixteen age-matched nonobese women served as controls. The obese subjects presented the characteristic decreased GH release, hyperinsulinaemia, increased FFA levels, and impaired insulin sensitivity, which all were normalised after diet-induced weight loss of 30 ± 5 kg. Sweat secretion rates were similar comparing obese and nonobese subjects (78 ± 10 versus 82 ± 9 mg/30 minutes) and sweat secretion did not change after a diet-induced weight loss in obese subjects. We conclude that although obese subjects have markedly reduced GH release and impaired IGF-I levels, sweat secretion rate is found to be normal.

Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Severely Obese Women Before and After Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Roth ◽  
Thomas Reinehr ◽  
Gerit-Holger Schernthaner ◽  
Hans-Peter Kopp ◽  
Stefan Kriwanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese

Effect of weight loss on VLDL-triglyceride and apoB-100 kinetics in women with abdominal obesity

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. E549-E556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Mittendorfer ◽  
Bruce W. Patterson ◽  
Samuel Klein
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Isotope Tracer ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vldl Triglyceride ◽  
Secretion Rates

The effects of obesity and weight loss on lipoprotein kinetics were evaluated in six lean women [body mass index (BMI): 21 ± 1 kg/m2] and seven women with abdominal obesity (BMI: 36 ± 1 kg/m2). Stable isotope tracer techniques, in conjunction with compartmental modeling, were used to determine VLDL-triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) secretion rates in lean women and in obese women before and after 10% weight loss. VLDL-TG and VLDL-apoB-100 secretion rates were similar in lean and obese women. Weight loss decreased the rate of VLDL-TG secretion by ∼40% (from 0.41 ± 0.05 to 0.23 ± 0.03 μmol · kg fat-free mass−1 · min−1; P < 0.05). The relative decline in VLDL-TG produced from nonsystemic fatty acids, derived from intraperitoneal and intrahepatic TG, was greater (61 ± 7%) than the decline in VLDL-TG produced from systemic fatty acids, predominantly derived from subcutaneous TG (25 ± 8%; P < 0.05). Weight loss did not affect VLDL-apoB-100 secretion rate. We conclude that weight loss decreases the rate of VLDL-TG secretion in women with abdominal obesity, primarily by decreasing the availability of nonsystemic fatty acids. There is a dissociation in the effect of weight loss on VLDL-TG and apoB-100 metabolic pathways that may affect VLDL particle size.

scholarly journals Effects of gastric bypass on the GH/IGF-I axis in severe obesity – and a comparison with GH deficiency

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Edén Engström ◽  
Pia Burman ◽  
Camilla Holdstock ◽  
Margareta Öhrvall ◽  
Magnus Sundbom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Surgically Induced

Objective: Overfeeding suppresses GH secretion and makes evaluation of a suspected GH deficiency (GHD) difficult. In normal weight subjects, gender is known to influence GH concentrations, which is most apparent in the ambulatory, morning-fasted state. In this study, we examined the GH/IGF-I axis in obese men and women and the effect of surgically induced weight loss. Design: Sixty-three subjects (body mass index (BMI) 45 ± 6 kg/m2; 54 women, 9 men) were studied prior to, and 6 and 12 months following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) surgery. Fifty-four patients with classic GHD (BMI 27 ± 6 kg/m2; 35 men, 19 women) were included for comparison. Methods: Hormones were analysed in fasting morning serum samples. Results: RYGBP resulted in a decreased BMI to 35 ± kg/m2 at 6 months and 32 ± 6 kg/m2 at 12 months. GH and IGF-I increased at 6 months in the women and at 12 months in both sexes by ≥ 300 and 11% respectively. Prior to RYGBP, GH concentrations were low in the obese men and similar to those of GHD men (mean 0.09 mU/l). Obese women had tenfold higher values than obese men and sevenfold higher than GHD women. IGF-I levels were in the low reference range in the obese and below −2 s.d. for age in 13%. Conclusions: Surgically induced weight loss partially restores GH secretion. Despite a marked suppression of GH values, a gender influence is maintained in severe obesity. In obese women, single morning GH and IGF-I values seem sufficient to exclude a suspicion of classic GHD.

scholarly journals Regional adipose tissue hormone/cytokine production before and after weight loss in abdominally obese women

Obesity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1679-1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongjian You ◽  
Xuewen Wang ◽  
Karin M. Murphy ◽  
Mary F. Lyles ◽  
Jamehl L. Demons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Before And After

Effect of weight loss on muscle lipid content in morbidly obese subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (4) ◽  
pp. E726-E732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Gray ◽  
Charles J. Tanner ◽  
Walter J. Pories ◽  
Kenneth G. MacDonald ◽  
Joseph A. Houmard
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Obese Subjects

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that weight loss results in a reduction in intramuscular lipid (IMCL) content that is concomitant with enhanced insulin action. Muscle biopsies were obtained from morbidly obese individuals [body mass index (BMI) 52.2 ± 2.5 kg/m2; n= 6] before and after gastric bypass surgery, an intervention that improves insulin action. With intervention, there was a 47% reduction ( P < 0.01) in BMI and a 93% decrease in homeostasis model assessment, or HOMA (7.0 ± 1.9 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1). Histochemically determined IMCL content decreased ( P < 0.05) by ∼30%. In relation to fiber type, IMCL was significantly higher in type I vs. type II fibers. In both fiber types, there were reductions in IMCL and trends for muscle atrophy. Despite these two negating factors, the IMCL-to-fiber area ratio still decreased by ∼44% with weight loss. In conclusion, despite differing initial levels and possible atrophy, weight loss appears to decrease IMCL deposition to a similar relative extent in type I and II muscle fibers. This reduction in intramuscular triglyceride may contribute to enhanced insulin action seen with weight loss.

Estimation of growth hormone secretion rate: impact of kinetic assumptions intrinsic to the analytical approach

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (1) ◽  
pp. R225-R232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke G. Langendonk ◽  
Johannes D. Veldhuis ◽  
Jacobus Burggraaf ◽  
Rik C. Schoemaker ◽  
Adam F. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Plasma Gh

We compared four common mathematical techniques to determine daily endogenous growth hormone (GH) secretion rates from diurnal plasma GH concentration profiles in 24 women (16 upper- or lower-body obese and 8 normal-weight individuals). Two forms of deconvolution analysis and two techniques based on a priori determined GH clearance estimates were employed. Deconvolution analyses revealed significant differences in the 24-h GH secretion rate between normal-weight and upper-body obese women, whereas the other two techniques did not. Moreover, deconvolution analyses predicted that the reduction in mean plasma GH concentrations in upper-body obese women was accounted for by impaired GH secretion, whereas the other methods suggested that obesity increases GH metabolic clearance. Thus we infer that disparate conclusions concerning GH secretion can be drawn from the same primary data set. The different inferences likely reflect dissimilar kinetic assumptions and the particular limitations intrinsic to each analytical approach. Accordingly, we urge caution in the facile comparison of calculated GH secretion data in humans, especially when kinetic and secretion measurements are performed under different conditions. The most appropriate way to determine the GH secretion rate in humans must be balanced by the exact intent of the experiment and the acceptability of different assumptions in that context.

Effect of Significant Intermediate-term Weight Loss on Serum Leptin Levels and Body Composition in Severely Obese Subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Infanger ◽  
Reto Baldinger ◽  
Ruth Branson ◽  
Thomas Barbier ◽  
Rudolf Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects

scholarly journals Plasma Ghrelin in Obesity before and after Weight Loss after Laparoscopical Adjustable Gastric Banding

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 3352-3358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hanusch-Enserer ◽  
Edmund Cauza ◽  
Georg Brabant ◽  
Attila Dunky ◽  
Harald Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severely Obese

Abstract Weight reduction after gastric bypass surgery has been attributed to a decrease of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin, which may be regulated by insulin and leptin. This study examined effects of long-term weight loss after laparoscopical adjustable gastric banding on plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations and their relationship with insulin action. Severely obese patients (15 women, three men, 36 ± 12 yr) underwent clinical examinations every 3 months and modified oral glucose tolerance tests to assess parameters of insulin sensitivity and secretion every 6 months. After surgery, body mass index fell from 45.3 ± 5.3 to 37.2 ± 5.3 and 33.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2 at 6 and 12 months, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). This was associated with lower (P &lt; 0.0001) plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Plasma leptin decreased from 27.6 ± 9.5 to 17.7 ± 9.8 (P = 0.0005) and 12.7 ± 5.1 ng/ml (P &lt; 0.0001). Plasma ghrelin was comparable before and at 6 months (234 ± 53; 232 ± 53 pmol/liter) but increased at 12 months (261 ± 72 pmol/liter; P = 0.05 vs. 6 months). At 6 and 12 months, ghrelin levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma insulin levels and hepatic insulin extraction but not with body mass or insulin action. In conclusion, prolonged weight loss results in a rise of fasting ghrelin concentrations that correlates with fasting insulin concentrations but not improvement of insulin sensitivity.

Composition of weight loss in severely obese women: A new look at old methods

Metabolism ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Albu ◽  
Janice Smolowitz ◽  
Steven Lichtman ◽  
Steven B. Heymsfield ◽  
Jack Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
New Look
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