scholarly journals Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Estimation of Erlotinib Hydrochloride in Pure and Pharmaceutical Formulations

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S304-S308 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rajesh ◽  
V. Jagathi ◽  
K. Sindhuri ◽  
G. Devala Rao
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Emission Wavelength ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Good Agreement

A simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the estimation of erlotinib hydrochloride in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Erlotinib hydrochloride exhibits maximum fluorescence intensity in methanol and the Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 1-5 µg/mL at an excitation wavelength (λex) of 295 nm and an emission wavelength (λem) of 339 nm. Stability studies with respect to time and temperature were also carried out. The results obtained were in good agreement with the labelled amounts of the marketed formulations. This method has been statistically evaluated and found to be accurate and precise.

Utility of 4-Chloro-7-Nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) for the Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorometric Determination of Several Antihistamine and Antihypertensive Drugs

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soad S Abd El-Hay ◽  
Christa L Colyer ◽  
Wafaa S Hassan ◽  
Abdalla Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Emission Wavelength ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrofluorometric Determination ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Abstract New, sensitive, and selective spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods have been developed for determination of clemastine hydrogen fumarate (Clem), loratadine (Lor), losartan potassium (Los), and ramipril (Ram) in both pure form and pharmaceutical formulations using 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl), which is a highly sensitive chromogenic and fluorogenic reagent. The relation between absorbance at 470, 467, 471, and 469 nm and the concentration was linear over the ranges 5–35, 10–100, 10–90, and 10–120 μg/mL for Clem, Lor, Los, and Ram, respectively. The complexation products were also measured spectrofluorometrically at the emission wavelength 535 nm for Clem, Lor, and Ram and at 538 nm for Los with excitation at 477 and 452 nm for Clem and Lor, respectively, and 460 nm for both Los and Ram. The fluorescence intensity was directly proportional to the drug concentration over the ranges 0.05–0.5, 5–20, 1–6, and 2–15 μg/mL for Clem, Lor, Los, and Ram, respectively. The methods were successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms with excellent recovery.

scholarly journals Stability-Indicating Micelle-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method For Determination of Tamsulosin Hydrochloride In Dosage Forms.

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3513-3531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Elsayed Elshahed ◽  
Ibrahim Habib
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Forced Degradation ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Good Agreement

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method is developed for the determination of Tamsulosin hydrochloride (Tams.HCl) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on investigation of the fluorescence spectral behavior of Tams.HCl in a sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) micellar system. In aqueous solution of Tris buffer of pH 7±0.2, SDS causes marked enhancement in the fluorescence intensity of Tams.HCl (about +110%). The fluorescence intensity is measured at 328 nm after excitation at 280 nm and the fluorescence-concentration plots are rectilinear over the range 0.1-1.2 µg ml-1, with lower detection limit of 0.027 µg ml-1 and quantification limit of 0.09 µg ml-1. The method is successfully applied to the analysis of the studied drug in its commercial capsules, and the results are in good agreement with those obtained with the official method. The application of the proposed method is extended to stability studies of Tamsulosin hydrochloride after exposure to different forced degradation conditions, such as acidic, alkaline and oxidative conditions, according to ICH guidelines.

scholarly journals Green and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of two cephalosporins in dosage forms

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 210329
Author(s):  
Heba Abdel-Aziz ◽  
M. M. Tolba ◽  
N. El-Enany ◽  
F. A. Aly ◽  
M. E. Fathy
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Fluorescent Product ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method ◽  
Ion Associate

Using two green and sensitive spectrofluorimetric methods, we quantified two cephalosporins, cefepime (CFM) and cefazolin (CFZ), in raw and pharmaceutical formulations. The first method is based on the reaction between CFM and fluorescamine (borate buffer, pH 8), which yields a highly fluorescent product. After excitation at 384 nm, the fluorescent product emits light at 484 nm. At concentration ranges from 12.0 to 120.0 ng ml −1 , the relative fluorescence intensity/concentration curve was linear with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.46 ng ml −1 . The second method relied on measuring the CFZ quenching action on acriflavine fluorescence through formation of an ion-associate complex using Britton–Robinson buffer at pH 8. We measured acriflavine fluorescence at 505 nm after excitation at 265 nm. The decrease in acriflavine fluorescence intensity was CFZ concentration-dependent. Using this method, we quantified CFZ in concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 µg ml −1 with a LOQ of 0.48 µg ml −1 . We studied and optimized the factors influencing reaction product formation. Moreover, we adapted our methods to the investigation of the mentioned drugs in raw and pharmaceutical formulations with greatly satisfying results. We statistically validated our methods according to International Council on Harmonisation Guidelines. The obtained results were consistent with those obtained with the official high-performance liquid chromatography methods.

scholarly journals Spectrofluorimetric determination of quercetin in pharmaceutical dosage forms

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leposava Pavun ◽  
Predrag Đurđević ◽  
Milena Jelikić-Stankov ◽  
Daniela Đikanović ◽  
Andrija Ćirić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Determination ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Strong Emission ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Determination ◽  
Good Agreement

<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The simple, accurate and precise method based on fluorescence properties of aluminium (III)–quercetin complex, for the determination of quercetin has been developed and validated. The complex has strong emission at pH 3.30, </span><em>l</em></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em><sub>em</sub></em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> = 480 nm, with </span></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><em>l</em></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em><sub>ex</sub></em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> = 420 nm</span><span style="font-size: medium;">. Linearity range of quercetin determination was 1.5 - 60.5 ng mL</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">-1</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;"> with LOD 0.09 ng mL</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">-1</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;"> and LOQ 0.27 ng mL</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">-1</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;">. Recovery values in the range of 99.9 – 100.2 % indicate a good accuracy of the method. The established method was applied for the determination of quercetin in capsules, with </span><span style="font-size: medium;">Recovery value<strong> </strong>98.3 %, standard deviation 0.22 <strong>% </strong>and<strong> </strong>coefficient of variation<strong> </strong>0.09<strong> %</strong>.<strong> </strong></span></span></p><p>  The reliability of the method was checked by RP-HPLC/UV method for capsules with direct determination of quercetin after separation. The good agreement between two methods indicates the applicability usability of the proposed spectroflurometric method for quercetin determination in pharmaceutical dosage forms, with high reproducibility, and enables direct and simple determination without its prior extraction from samples.</p><p>The proposed spectrofluorimetric method has much better sensitivity and about 1000 times lower <em>LOD</em> and <em>LOQ</em> values compared to data reported in literature.</p>

scholarly journals Indirect spectrophotometric Indirect spectrophotometric determination of chlordiazepoxide in pharmaceutical formulations via oxidative coupling reaction with phenothiazine

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Hind Hadi ◽  
Mariam Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Coupling ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Oxidative Coupling Reaction ◽  
Formed Product

Abstract A sensitive, precise and reliable indirect spectrophotometric method for the determination of chlordiazepoxide (CDE) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidative coupling reaction between amino group resulting from acidic decomposition of CDE with phenothiazine in the presence of sodium periodate to produce an intense green soluble dye that is stable and shows a maximum absorption at 602 nm. The calibration plot indicates that Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0.1?50 µg/mL, with a molar absorptivity of 1×104 L/mol cm and correlation coefficient of 0.9994.All the conditions that affecting on the stability and sensitivity of the formed product were studied and optimized and the suggested method was effectively applied for the determination of CDE in commercial dosage forms.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a new spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of some beta-blockers through fluorescence quenching of eosin Y. Application to content uniformity test

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed M Derayea ◽  
Mahmoud A Omar ◽  
Mohamed Aboel-Kasem Abdel-Lateef ◽  
Ahmed I. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Eosin Y ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Quenching Effect ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method

AbstractA simple, rapid, sensitive and economic spectrofluorimetric method has been developed and validated for determination of some β-adrenergic blocking agents namely; betaxolol hydrochloride (BTX), carvedilol (CAR), labetalol hydrochloride (LBT), nebivolol hydrochloride (NEB) and propranolol hydrochloride (PRO). The method is based on the quenching effect of the cited drugs on the fluorescence intensity of eosin Y at pH 3.4 (acetate buffer). The fluorescence quenching is due to the formation of an ion-pair complex and was measured without extraction at 545 nm (λex. 301.5 nm). The factors affecting the formation of the ion-pair complex were carefully studied and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the linear ranges for the relationship between the fluorescence quenching value and the concentration of the investigated drugs were 100-2500, 150-2500 and 50-2250 ng mL-1 for (BTX, CAR), (LBT, NEB) and (PRO) respectively. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and was applied for determination of the cited drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms with excellent recoveries. In addition, content uniformity testing of some commercial dosage forms was checked by the proposed method.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FEBUXOSTAT FOR CONDUCTING IN-VITRO QUALITY CONTROL TESTS IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Kaur ◽  
Daljit Kaur ◽  
Sukhmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Development And Validation

Objective: A simple, accurate, and selective ultraviolet-spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of febuxostat in the bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.Method: The method was developed and validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH Q2 R1) guidelines. The developed method was validated statistically with respect to linearity, range, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), and recovery. Specificity of the method was demonstrated by applying different stressed conditions to drug samples such as acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal degradation.Results: The study was conducted using phosphate buffer pH 6.8 and λmax was found to be 312 nm. Standard plot having a concentration range of 1–10 μg/ml showed a good linear relationship with R2=0.999. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.118 μg/ml and 0.595 μg/ml, respectively. Recovery and percentage relative standard deviations were found to be 100.157±0.332% and <2%, respectively.Conclusion: Proposed method was successfully applicable to the pharmaceutical formulations containing febuxostat. Thus, the developed method is found to be simple, sensitive, accurate, precise, reproducible, and economical for the determination of febuxostat in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Stability-Indicating Methods for the Determination of Leflunomide in the Presence of Its Degradates

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1524-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah S Abbas ◽  
Lories I Bebawy ◽  
Laila A Fattah ◽  
Heba H Refaat
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Beer's Law ◽  
First Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
Beer’S Law

Abstract Five simple and sensitive methods were developed for the determination of leflunomide (I) in the presence of its degradates 4-trifluoromethyl aniline (II) and 3-methyl-4-carboxy isoxazole (III). Method A was based on differential derivative spectrophotometry by measuring the △1D value at 279.5 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2.0020.00 μg/mL with mean percentage accuracy of 100.07 1.32. Method B depended on first-derivative spectrophotometry and measuring the amplitude at 253.4 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2.0016.00 μg/mL with mean percentage accuracy of 98.42 1.61. Method C was based on the reaction of degradate (II) with 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (Gibbs reagent). The colored product was measured at 469 nm. Method D depended on the reaction of degradate (II) with para-dimethyl aminocinnamaldehyde (p-DAC). The absorbance of the colored product was measured at 533.4 nm. Method E utilized 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone in the presence of cerric ammonium sulfate with degradate (II). The green colored product was measured at 605.5 nm. The linearity range was 40.00-280.00, 2.40-24.00, and 30-250 μg/mL with mean percentage accuracy of 100.75 1.21, 100.13 1.45, and 99.74 1.39 for Methods CE, respectively. All variables were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of leflunomide in pharmaceutical dosage forms and the results were statistically compared with that previously reported.

scholarly journals Direct Spectrophotometric Determination of Cefuroxime Axetil in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 6282-6295
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Ramadan ◽  
Marwa Bakdash
Keyword(s):  
Reference Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Cefuroxime Axetil ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Tablet Dosage ◽  
Good Agreement

A simple, direct and cost-effective spectrophotometric method for determination of cefuroxime axetil (CRXA)  in pure and tablet dosage forms was applied. This method is based on formation of ion-pair complex ([CRXA]:[BTB]) between CRXA and bromothymol blue (BTB) in chloroform. Beer’s law in the optimum experimental conditions using [CRXA]:[BTB] complex is valid within a concentration range of 2.00-50.00 ?M (1.021–25.524 ?g.mL-1). The developed method is applied for the determination of CRXA in pure and its commercial tablets without any interference from excipients with average assay of 96.8 to 101.6% and the results are in good agreement with those obtained by the HPLC reference method. Associated drugs (sulbactam and linesolid) with cefuroxime axetil are considered to be interfere, while metronidazole can be considered as non-interfere.

scholarly journals Micellar Enhanced Spectrofluorometric Determination of Labetalol Through Complexation with Aluminium(III): Application to Dosage Forms and Biological Fluids

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed El-Enany
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrofluorometric Determination ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Fluorescent Products ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Two simple, sensitive, and specific spectrofluorometric procedures have been developed for the determination of labetalol (LBT) in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. LBT was found to react with Al3+ , both in acetate buffer of pH 4.5 (Procedure I) and borate buffer of pH 8.0 (Procedure II), to produce highly fluorescent stable complexes. The fluorescence intensity could be enhanced by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate, resulting in 3.5- and 2.7-fold increases in the fluorescence intensity for Procedures I and II, respectively. In both procedures, the fluorescence intensity was measured at 408 nm after excitation at 320 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the fluorescent products were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence intensity-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.020.1 and 0.010.05 g/mL with a detection limit of 0.003 and 0.001 g/mL for Procedures I and II, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to commercial tablets containing LBT. The results were in good agreement with those obtained using a reference spectrofluorometric method. Furthermore, the method was applied for the determination of LBT in spiked human plasma, and the recovery (n = 4) was 93.30 2.62%. A proposal of the reaction pathway was postulated for Procedures I and II, respectively.

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