scholarly journals Antispasmodic and Antidiarrheal Activities ofValeriana hardwickiiWall. Rhizome Are Putatively Mediated through Calcium Channel Blockade

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samra Bashir ◽  
Raafia Memon ◽  
Anwar H. Gilani
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockade ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Rabbit Jejunum ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions ◽  
Dose Dependent

Valeriana hardwickiiis indigenous to Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon, where it is traditionally being used as an antispasmodic and antidiarrheal, besides its culinary use as spice. The aim of this paper was to provide pharmacological validation to these medicinal uses. The crude aqueous-methanolic extract ofValeriana hardwickiirhizome (Vh.Cr) was studied on isolated rabbit jejunum and castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice for spasmolytic and antidiarrheal properties, respectively. Vh.Cr caused concentration-dependent (0.01–1 mg/mL) relaxation of spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum and inhibited K+-induced contractions (0.01–0.3 mg/mL), similar to verapamil, suggestive of calcium channel blockade (CCB). The CCB effect was confirmed when pretreatment of the jejunum preparations with Vh.Cr produced a concentration-dependent (0.03–0.1 mg/mL) rightward shift in the Ca++concentration-response curves, as caused by verapamil. Vh.Cr exhibited dose-dependent (100–300 mg/kg) protection against castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. Loperamide, a standard antidiarrheal drug, similarly prevented the diarrhea. These data indicate the presence of CCB effect in the extract ofValeriana hardwickiirhizome, possibly mediating its antispasmodic and antidiarrheal activities and provide a scientific base for its traditional use in hyperactive gut disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of Heliotropium strigosum and Trapa bicornis in hyperactive gut disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anam Saeed ◽  
Fazli Wahid ◽  
Hafiz Majid Rasheed ◽  
Rahila Qayyum ◽  
Abdul Jabbar Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockade ◽  
Rightward Shift ◽  
Rabbit Jejunum

<p>The current study was aimed to investigate the extracts from <em>Heliotropium strigosum</em> and <em>Trapa bicornis</em> phytochemically for various constituents and pharmacologically for gastro-intestinal disorders. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins in both the extracts. In castor oil-induced diarrhea, <em>H. strigosum</em> and <em>T. bicornis</em>, at 100-1000 mg/kg dose provided protection of 10-83% and 14-76% respectively. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, <em>T. bicornis</em> (0.01-5 mg/mL) relaxed the spontaneous and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions with EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 1.2 mg/mL and 2.6 mg/mL respectively, suggesting that spasmolytic effect was possibly mediated through calcium channel blockade. This was further authenticated when pretreatment of tissues with <em>T. bicornis</em> (1-5 mg/mL) caused rightward shift of Ca++ concentration–response curves, similar to verapamil. In acute toxicity test, both extracts were safe up to 10 g/kg dose. These results indicated the usefulness of <em>H. strigosum</em> and <em>T. bicornis</em> in the treatment of hyperactive gut disorders.</p>

Spasmolytic Action of Centaurium erythraea on Rabbit Jejunum is through Calcium Channel Blockade and NO Release

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alae Chda ◽  
Mohamed Kabbaoui ◽  
Aziz Chokri ◽  
Kaouakib Abida ◽  
Abdelali Tazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockade ◽  
Spasmolytic Action ◽  
No Release ◽  
Rabbit Jejunum ◽  
Centaurium Erythraea

Studies on antihypertensive and antispasmodic activities of Andropogon muricatus Retz.This article is one of a selection of papers published in this special issue (part 1 of 2) on the Safety and Efficacy of Natural Health Products.

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar H. Gilani ◽  
Abdul J. Shah ◽  
Khalid H. Janbaz ◽  
Shahida P. Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad N. Ghayur
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Natural Health Products ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Rabbit Jejunum ◽  
The Right

The aqueous-methanolic crude extract of Andropogon muricatus (Am.Cr) was investigated pharmacologically to determine some of its medicinal uses in cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. A series of in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to evaluate dose-dependent effects of Am.Cr on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac and vascular contractions, and to further investigate the potential mechanism of action. Intravenous administration of Am.Cr (10–50 mg/kg) caused a fall (18%–56%) in MAP in normotensive rats under anesthesia. When tested in isolated guinea pig atria, Am.Cr (0.03–5.0 mg/mL) exhibited a cardiodepressant effect on the rate and force of spontaneous contractions. In isolated rabbit aorta, Am.Cr caused inhibition of K+ (80 mmol/L)-induced contractions at a lower concentration than of phenylephrine. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, Am.Cr (0.01–0.10 mg/mL) caused relaxation of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mmol/L)-induced contractions, suggesting that the spasmolytic effect is mediated possibly through calcium channel blockade (CCB). The CCB activity was confirmed when pretreatment of the tissue with Am.Cr (0.03–0.1 mg/mL) shifted the Ca2+ dose–response curves to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil. These data indicate that the blood pressure-lowering and spasmolytic effects of Am.Cr are mediated possibly through a calcium channel blocking activity. Phytochemical screening of Am.Cr revealed the presence of phenols, saponins, tannins, and terpenes, which may be responsible for the observed vasodilator, cardiodepressant, and antispasmodic activities. This study shows potential with respect to its medicinal use in cardiovascular and gut disorders.

Enhanced vasodilatation in essential hypertension by calcium channel blockade with verapamil

Hypertension ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. L. Hulthen ◽  
P. Bolli ◽  
F. W. Amann ◽  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockade

Calcium-channel blockade and incidence of cancer in aged populations

The Lancet ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 348 (9026) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pahor ◽  
Jack M Guralnik ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Maria-Chiara Corti ◽  
Marcel E Salive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Channel Blockade ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockade ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer
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