scholarly journals Specimen Orientation by Marking the Peripheral End: (Potential) Clinical Advantages in Prostate Biopsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Benedetto Galosi ◽  
Giovanni Muzzonigro ◽  
Vito Lacetera ◽  
Roberta Mazzucchelli
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Focal Therapy ◽  
Fresh Specimen ◽  
Marking Technique ◽  
Specimen Orientation ◽  
Extraprostatic Extension ◽  
Pathological Parameter

The aim of this paper is to identify advantages that could be obtained by orientation of the biopsy specimen using the marking technique. We reviewed our experience (4,500 cases) and the published literature. The peripheral (proximal) end of the fresh specimen is marked with ink soon after needle delivering in a few minutes. It is performed easily in association with pre-embedding method. Five potential clinical advantages were identified: (1) tumor localization, (2) atypical lesions localization and planning rebiopsy strategy, (3) planning surgical strategy, (4) selection criteria for focal therapy and active surveillance, and (5) cost reduction. Peripheral end marking is low cost, easy and reproducible. It drives several potential advantages in cancer diagnosis or isolated atypical lesions, in particular, spatial localization within the biopsy (transition versus peripheral zone, anterior versus posterior, subcapsular versus intraparenchima, and extraprostatic extension) should be easy and reliable. We can add a new pathological parameter: pathological orientation or biopsy polarity.

scholarly journals 207-nm UV Light - A Promising Tool for Safe Low-Cost Reduction of Surgical Site Infections. I: In Vitro Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e76968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Buonanno ◽  
Gerhard Randers-Pehrson ◽  
Alan W. Bigelow ◽  
Sheetal Trivedi ◽  
Franklin D. Lowy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Promising Tool

scholarly journals Breaking the problem into pieces: pre-clustering on-the-fly with the NGLMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Transitive Closure ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Manual Review

ABSTRACT ObjectivesThe SA.NT DataLink Next Generation Linkage Management System (NGLMS) stores linked data in the form of a graph (in the computer science sense) comprised of nodes (records) and edges (record relationships or similarities). This permits efficient pre-clustering techniques based on transitive closure to form groups of records which relate to the same individual (or other selection criteria). ApproachOnly information known (or at least highly likely) to be relevant is extracted from the graph as superclusters. This operation is computationally inexpensive when the underlying information is stored as a graph and may be able to be done on-the-fly for typical clusters. More computationally intensive analysis and/or further clustering may then be performed on this smaller subgraph. Canopy clustering and using blocking used to reduce pairwise comparisons are expressions of the same type of approach. ResultsSubclusters for manual review based on transitive closure are typically computationally inexpensive enough to extract from the NGLMS that they are extracted on-demand during manual clerical review activities. There is no necessity to pre-calculate these clusters. Once extracted further analysis is undertaken on these smaller data groupings for visualisation and presentation for review and quality analysis. More computationally expensive techniques can be used at this point to prepare data for visualisation or provide hints to manual reviewers. 
Extracting high-recall groups of data records for review but providing them to reviews grouped further into high precision groups as the result of a second pass has resulted in a reduction of the time taken for clerical reviewers at SANT DataLink to manual review a group by 30–40%. The reviewers are able to manipulate whole groups of related records at once rather than individual records. ConclusionPre-clustering reduces the computational cost associated with higher order clustering and analysis algorithms. Algorithms which scale by n^2 (or more) are typical in comparison scenarios. By breaking the problem into pieces the computational cost can be reduced. Typically breaking a problem into many pieces reduces the cost in proportion to the number of pieces the problem can be broken into. This cost reduction can make techniques possible which would otherwise be computationally prohibitive.

Intelligent product manuals

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
D T Pham ◽  
S S Dimov ◽  
B J Peat
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
General Design ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Support Costs ◽  
Intelligent Product ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Active Assistance

Intelligent product manuals are designed to allow product users to utilize a product as easily, effectively and with as little additional care as possible while minimizing support costs for manufacturers and suppliers. It is first shown how intelligent product manuals address these objectives by utilizing electronic, multimedia and knowledge-based technologies to provide active assistance to the user of the product during tasks such as installation, operation and maintenance. An architecture for the creation and deployment of an intelligent product manual is then proposed and general design considerations are outlined. Finally, four implementation approaches, based on XML, SGML, HTML and PDF technologies, are compared against a set of selection criteria. It is concluded that simple, low-cost solutions are available, which can provide significant benefits for appropriate businesses, including smaller companies.

3PL selection criteria in integrated circuit manufacturing industry in Taiwan

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang-Ning Hwang ◽  
Tsai-Ti Chen ◽  
James T. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ic Manufacturing

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to identify the key third-party logistics (3PL) selection criteria for the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing industry in Taiwan. The IC manufacturing industry seeks global sourcing, and is facing increasing pressure due to fierce market competition. More than a cost reduction strategy, 3PL is a strategic tool for IC manufacturers to gain a competitive advantage in a global supply chain complex. Design/methodology/approach – The triangulation method that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches was used in the study. The qualitative approach of focus group discussions was adopted to establish the decision framework, and the quantitative approach of the analytic hierarchy process was used to explore the relative importance of the 3PL selection criteria. Finally, an in-depth proof-by-example interview was undertaken to provide an insightful interpretation of the research results. Findings – The research shows that performance is the most important criterion group, followed by cost, service, quality assurance, intangible and information technology. At the detailed sub-criteria level, document accuracy, problem-solving capability, continuous cost reduction, value-added services and associated cost control capability are the top five criteria. Research limitations/implications – This study focused on the IC manufacturing sector in Taiwan. Multi-country and multi-industry studies are recommended to help further validate and generalise the research findings. Originality/value – Due to its application of triangulation, this study is a pioneering work on the 3PL selection criteria in a high-tech manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the value of this research is that it enhances the body of knowledge of 3PL selection by identifying certain emerging selection criteria, it could serve as a guideline for IC manufacturers in planning logistics outsourcing actions and it could significantly contribute to the efforts of 3PL providers in evaluating whether they comply with customer needs and adhere to core competency development.

LOW COST FLOATING PRODUCTION FACILITY CONCEPTS FORTROPICAL WATERS

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
L.C. Rathie ◽  
G.F. Hogan ◽  
M.J. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Significant Cost Reduction ◽  
Boundary Limits ◽  
Area Development

A number of floating production facility concepts can be readily applied to the development of small and marginal oilfields in moderately deep tropical waters. These concepts can be used to extend the lives of existing mature fields. They can be deployed for a significant cost reduction compared with a conventional full field development provided that boundary limits for application of the concepts are not exceeded.Simple, standardised, reliable and proven equipment should be utilised that may be deployed in innovative ways. Wherever possible, existing equipment should be used and rented where this is economical.Marginal field projects should be managed and operated by small organisations competent in these activities to minimise overheads and maximise flexibility.An inter-field transfer approach (Ocean Truck) offers many options for developing a number of such projects as part of an area development strategy.Cooperation between operators, both as partners in a particular project and in different projects where the same facilities can be used sequentially or in parallel, can be an effective means to control costs and ensure that small oil accumulations are developed.

Location of local recurrence after MRI-guided partial prostate brachytherapy targeting only the peripheral zone: Implications for focal therapy.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 149-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Kovtun ◽  
Tobias Penzkofer ◽  
Neha Agrawal ◽  
Tina Kapur ◽  
Andriy Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Focal Therapy ◽  
Prostate Brachytherapy ◽  
Local Recurrences ◽  
Endorectal Coil ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Mri Guided

149 Background: Prostate cancer local recurrences usually occur at the same site as the dominant primary tumor in patients treated with radiation therapy to the whole gland. We characterized location of local recurrences in patients who were treated with MRI Guided Partial Brachytherapy in which only the peripheral zone was targeted. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed ten patients with initial cT1c, Gleason score 3+4 or less prostate cancer who developed biopsy proven local recurrences and had available imaging after MRI Guided Partial Brachytherapy targeting the peripheral zone from 1998 to 2006. All 10 patients had 1.5T endorectal coil MRI at diagnosis, performed primarily for staging and not for tumor localization, while at recurrence 8 had 3T endorectal coil MRI and 2 had 1.5T endorectal coil MRI. Scans consisted of at least T1 and T2 sequences. Two radiologists (C.T. and T.P.) blinded to clinical data reviewed diagnosis MRI scans together and quantified likelihood of tumor on a 1 to 5 scale in each section of an eight part prostate in both pre-treatment and recurrence scans. Local recurrence was judged to be in the same location as the baseline tumor if at least 50% of the tumor location overlapped. Results: Only 3 of 10 patients had local recurrences at the same location as the baseline tumor with a mean overlap of 64%. 7 of 10 patients had local recurrences at a different location with a mean overlap of 5%. 5 of 10 patients had recurrences in the central zone of the prostate which did not definitively show tumor on review of the initial 1.5T staging scan. Conclusions: After MRI-guided brachytherapy targeting only the peripheral zone in men initially staged with 1.5T MRI, 50% of the local recurrences occurred at the non-targeted central zone, raising the possibility that focal therapy directed only at the dominant tumor will result in increased out-of-field recurrences. Whether the superior ability of modern 3T multiparametric MRI to detect and precisely localize occult prostate cancer foci will reduce this risk is the subject of current study.

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