scholarly journals Assessment of Elastase-Induced Murine Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Comparison of Ultrasound Imaging withIn SituVideo Microscopy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Azuma ◽  
Lars Maegdefessel ◽  
Toshiro Kitagawa ◽  
Ronald L. Dalman ◽  
Michael V. McConnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Aims. The aim of this study was to definitively assess the validity of noninvasive high-frequency ultrasound (US) measurements of aortic luminal diameter (ALD) in a murine model of elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in comparison with in situ video microscopy (VM).Methods. C57BL/6 mice underwent transient perfusion of the aorta with either elastase (n=20: Elastase group) or saline (n=10: Sham). Unoperated mice (n=10) were also studied.Results. ALD measurements by US had excellent linear correlation and absolute agreement with that by VM in both Control (unoperated or sham-operated mice) and elastase groups (r=0.96, intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)=0.88andr=0.93,ICC=0.92, resp.). Bland-Altman analysis of US compared with VM measurements in both groups indicated good agreement, however US measurements were slightly but significantly higher than VM measurements in the control group (mean bias 0.039 mm,P<.05). Linear regression analysis revealed excellent correlation between US and VM measurements in both groups. (R2=0.91in Control group,R2=0.85in elastase group.) The reliability of US measurements was also confirmed by ex vivo histological measurements.Conclusions.High-frequency US provides reliable ALD measurements in developing murine abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Abstract 306: Murine Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Demonstrate Heterogeneous Growth and Remodelling by High-frequency Ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan H Phillips ◽  
Paolo Di Achille ◽  
Matthew R Bersi ◽  
Jay D Humphrey ◽  
Craig J Goergen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
True Lumen ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

In vivo imaging of vascular disease models has been largely underutilized, but it can greatly benefit cardiovascular research. An improved understanding of the development of the angiotensin II (AngII) apolipoprotein E knockout model of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) could help patients with this life-threatening disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the early hemodynamic, biomechanical, and volumetric changes in AngII AAAs using high-frequency ultrasound. Five male apolipoprotein E-deficient C57BL/6J mice were subcutaneously implanted with AngII-loaded miniosmotic pumps (1000 ng/kg/min) and screened for appearance of AAAs. We acquired imaging data of the morphology, pulsatility, and blood flow profiles in newly formed AAAs over 7 days. We found that biomechanical and hemodynamic changes occurred during initial AAA formation alongside an increase in AAA volume. Average AAA volume increased by 140±24% between baseline and AAA diagnosis, while true lumen volume decreased by 46±12% due to formation of a focal dissection. The resulting intramural thrombus evolved in shape and volume but with variability between animals. Regional differences in blood flow velocity were apparent down the length of the largest AAAs and mean blood flow velocity significantly increased by 150±42% upon initial aortic expansion and true lumen narrowing. Mean velocity decreased over 7 days as the total AAA volume increased. Circumferential cyclic strain also significantly decreased upon initial aortic expansion and remained reduced, indicating the AAAs had stiffened vessel walls with initial aortic expansion. We are also exploring the heterogeneity of this AAA development using computational pulsatile flow models built from these ultrasound datasets. These models can provide information on site-specific changes in wall shear stress and oscillatory shear index, which are potentially predictive metrics for intramural thrombus formation and AAA growth.

Abstract 919: Suppression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the Angiotensin II-infused ApoE Deficient Mice by Treatment with Chymase Inhibitor

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao Inoue ◽  
Michiko Muramatsu ◽  
Denan Jin ◽  
Shinji Takai ◽  
Tetsuya Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Chymase Inhibitor ◽  
Deficient Mice

Chymase promotes not only angiotensin II production but also matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activation, which have a critical role on development of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of chymase inhibitor, NK3201, on the MMP-9 activity and development of AAA in the angiotensin II-induced apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice. Method: Angiotensin II (1000ng/kg/min) (vehicle group) or saline (control group) were infused into 16-week-old male apoE-deficient mice for 4 weeks. To examine the effect of chymase inhibition for AAA, we administered NK3201 (30mg/kg/day) to angiotensin II-infused group (NK3201-treated group) for the same period. At the end of angiotensin II infusion, we measured the diameters of suprarenal and infrarenal aorta. AAA severities were scored using the suprarenal aortic diameter/infrarenal aortic diameter ratio and presence of thrombus formation, i.e. under 2.0 was 0, from 2.0 to 2.5 was 1, from 2.5 to 3.0 was 2, over 3.0 was 3, and presence of thrombus was 4. We also determined the chymase and MMP-9 activities using total aorta. Results: The scores that reflected the progression and severity of AAA were increased in vehicle group compared with control group ( 2.35±0.30 vs. 0.27±0.12, p<0.01). This progression was inhibited in NK3201-treated group compared with vehicle group (1.13±0.35, p<0.05 vs. vehicle group). Chymase activity was significantly increased in vehicle group compared with control group. MMP-9 activity was also increased in vehicle group, however it was decreased significantly in NK3201-treated group.Discussion: We demonstrated that chymase inhibition could reduce AAA progression through inhibition of MMP-9 in angiotensin II-induced apoE-deficient mice. Chymase inhibitor might be a novel strategy for preventing AAAs.

High Frequency of Thoracic Aneurysms in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

2011 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Larsson ◽  
Lia Vishnevskaya ◽  
Bo Kalin ◽  
Fredrik Granath ◽  
Jesper Swedenborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Thoracic Aneurysms

scholarly journals Prevalenceof abdominal aortic aneurysm among stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease patients aged 55 years and older

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
O. Karaarslan Cengiz ◽  
G. Nergizoglu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

The risk of cardiovascular disease begins to increase from the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abdominal aortic aneurysms are the most common arterial aneurysms of peripheral arterial diseases. The frequency of abdominal aortic aneurysm varies according to the population studied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients with stage 3-4  CKD and investigate  CKD is a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Methods. Patients aged 55 years and older who were followed up in the internal medicine outpatient clinics were enrolled. Two hundred CKD patients with glomerular filtration rates between 15-59 mL/min per 1.73 m2 were included in the study group, and 110 patients with glomerular filtration rates of 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or above were assigned to the control group. An ultrasonography device with a 3.5 MHz probe was used for screening. Abdominal aortic diameters of 3 cm and above were accepted as abdominal aortic aneurysms. Results. Eighteen patients in the study group (9%) and four in the control group (3.6%) had an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms was higher in the  CKD  group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.078). Moreover, the median aortic diameter was 21.8 mm (14-44 mm) in the study group, compared to 21.0 mm (14-46 mm) in the control group. The prevalence of the abdominal aortic aneurysm was 14.9% in stage 4  CKD patients and 6% in stage 3  CKD patients (p=0.038). Conclusion. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is more common in patients with  CKD although it does not reach statistical significance. The median aortic diameter was significantly wider in CKD patients compared to the control group . The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm increased with an increase in the CKD stage .

Abstract 461: Cilnidipine Attenuated Angiotensin II-induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Kakio ◽  
Haruhito A Uchida ◽  
Ryoko Umebayashi ◽  
Jun Wada
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Osmotic Minipumps ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Deficient Mice

Objective: Chronic infusion of angiotensin II (AngII) promotes development of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in hypercholesterolemic mice. Previous studies have shown that local inflammation and increased oxidative stress plays an important role on formation of AAAs. In addition, it is reported that voltage-dependent N-type Ca2+ channels in endothelial cells contribute to oxidative stress-related endothelial dysfunction induced by AngII in mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that cilnidipine, an N/L-type calcium channel blocker, exerts vasoprotective effect by inhibiting inflammation and superoxide generation in mice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether cilnidipine influenced AngII-induced AAAs. Methods and Results: Male apolipoprotein E deficient mice (8-12 weeks old) were fed a normal laboratory diet. Mice were infused subcutaneously with either cilnidipine or vehicle by osmotic minipumps. Three days later, mice were also infused subcutaneously with either AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min, n = 14-16) or saline (n = 4) each by osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. AngII increased systolic blood pressure. Cilnidipine decreased blood pressure in AngII-infused mice, but had not effect during saline infusion. AngII infusion did not alter serum cholesterol concentrations. However, cilnidipine slightly decreased serumcholesterol concentrations in AngII-infused mice. Cilnidipine had no effect on body weights, heart rates, and urine total protein, but mildly restored plasma renin activity that were suppressed by AngII infusion. Cilnidipine did not affect ex vivo measurement of maximal diameter of abdominal aorta (1.04 ± 0.09 mm vs 1.11 ± 0.06 mm, n.s.) in saline infused mice. AngII infusion significantly increased ex vivo maximal diameters of abdominal aortas, but was attenuated by cilnidipine (1.79 ± 0.59 mm vs 1.26 ± 0.38 mm, P < 0.05). In addition, cilnidipine significantly reduced the incidence of AngII-induced AAAs (Cilnidipine: 38 %, Vehicle: 88 %; P < 0.05). Furthermore, gelatin zymography demonstrated that cilnidipine diminished AngII-induced increase in aortic MMP-9 protein abundance. Conclusion: Cilnidipine attenuated AngII-induced AAAs in male apolipoprotein E deficient mice.

ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS: A NOVEL EX VIVO CELL CULTURE METHOD TO ANALYSE INFLAMMATORY AND ANGIOGENIC PATHWAYS

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kovalic ◽  
Claudia Monaco ◽  
Roger M Greenhalgh ◽  
Ian J Franklin ◽  
Ewa M Paleolog
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals Osteopontin and Osteoprotegerin as Potential Biomarkers in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm before and after Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Filis ◽  
Vasilios Martinakis ◽  
George Galyfos ◽  
Fragiska Sigala ◽  
Dimitris Theodorou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Aim. Although osteopontin (OPN) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) have been associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), no association of these two biomarkers with AAA surgical or endovascular treatment has been reported. Material and Methods. Seventy-four AAA patients were prospectively selected for open or endovascular repair. All aneurysms were classified (Types A–E) according to aneurysmal extent in CT imaging (EUROSTAR criteria). All patients had preoperative serum OPN and OPG values measurements and 1 week after the procedure. Preoperative and postoperative values were compared with a control group of twenty patients (inguinal hernia repair). Results. Preoperative OPN values in patients with any type of aneurysm were higher than in the control group, while OPG values showed no difference. Postoperative OPN values in AAA patients were higher than in the control group. OPN values increased after open surgery and after EVAR. OPG values increased after open surgery but not after EVAR. There was no difference in OPN/OPG values between EVAR and open surgery postoperatively. Conclusions. OPN values are associated with aneurysm presence but not with aneurysm extent. OPG values are not associated either with aneurysm presence or with aneurysm extent. OPN values increase after AAA repair, independently of the type of repair.

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