scholarly journals Analysis of the Results from Use of Haptic Peg-in-Hole Task for Assessment in Neurorehabilitation

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Amirabdollahian ◽  
Garth Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Transfer Velocity ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Robotic Technologies

Haptic and robotic technologies have the potential to provide assessment during interaction with humans. This manuscript presents our earlier research during the I-Match project where a haptic peg-in-hole test was used in order to compare between healthy volunteers' performance and those with neurological impairment. Subjects all performed a series of haptic virtual peg-in-hole tasks with varying degrees of difficulty determined by the hole diameter. Haptic instrument, Phantom Desktop 1.5, allowed for recording of biomechanical data which is used to present some variant features between the two subject groups. This paper analyses the placement time, maximum peg transfer velocity, collision forces recorded during peg placement and also insertion accuracy. The first three parameters showed statistically significant differences between the two groups while the last, insertion accuracy, showed insignificant differences (p= 0.152). This is thought to be due to the large clearance value between the smallest hole diameter and the peg. To identify differences between the haptic peg-in-hole and the established NHPT, we are currently in process of conducting a further experiment with a haptic replica of the NHPT test, in order to investigate effects resulting from addition of haptic force feedback compared to the original NHPT test, as well as allowing to explore influences caused by the 1 mm clearance value as originally proposed by Wade.Furthermore, in order to investigate if this method can identify differences between subjects with different neurological conditions, a larger group of subjects with neurological conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury is required to explore potency of this approach for identifying differences between these different conditions.

Defining and Diagnosing Involuntary Emotional Expression Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (S6) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Cummings ◽  
David B. Arciniegas ◽  
Benjamin R. Brooks ◽  
Robert M. Herndon ◽  
Edward C. Lauterbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

AbstractUncontrollable episodes of emotional expression occur in a variety of neurological conditions. This emotional disinhibition syndrome is characterized by episodes of crying or laughing that are unrelated to or out of proportion to the eliciting stimulus. This syndrome is common among patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and traumatic brain injury and a variety of terms and definitions have been used to describe it. The confusing nomenclature has been a barrier to understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of this disorder. The authors propose a unifying term, involuntary emotional expression disorder (IEED), and provide diagnostic criteria for this disorder.

scholarly journals Statistical Estimation of Accelerated Biological Brain Aging After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 890-890
Author(s):  
Andrei Irimia ◽  
Jun Kim ◽  
Shania Wang ◽  
Hyung Jun Lee ◽  
Van Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Brain Age

Abstract Estimating biological brain age (BA) has the potential of identifying individuals at relatively high risk for accelerated neurodegeneration. This study compares the brain’s chronological age (CA) to its BA and reveals the BA rate of change after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in an aging cohort. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes and cortical thickness, volume, surface area, and Gaussian curvature obtained using FreeSurfer software; we formulated a multivariate linear regression to determine the rate of BA increase associated with mTBI. 95 TBI patients (age in years (y): μ = 41 y, σ = 17 y; range = 18 to 83) were compared to 462 healthy controls (HCs) (age: μ = 69 y, σ = 18 y; range = 25 to 95) over a 6-month time period following mTBI. Across the initial ~6 months following injury, patients’ BAs increased by ~3.0 ± 1.2 years due to their mTBIs alone, i.e., above and beyond typical brain aging. The superior temporal and parahippocampal gyri, two structures involved in memory formation and retrieval, exhibited the fastest rates of TBI-related BA. In both hemispheres, the volume of the hippocampus decreased (left: μ=0.28%, σ=4.40%; right: μ=0.12%, σ=4.84%). These findings illustrate BA estimation techniques’ potential to identify TBI patients with accelerated neurodegeneration, whose rate is strongly associated with the risk for dementia and other aging-related neurological conditions.

scholarly journals Acupuncture Improved Neurological Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating BDNF/TrkB Pathway

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Chong Chen ◽  
Xiping Yang ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Ming-liang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
Induced Amelioration

How to promote neural repair following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been an intractable problem. Although acupuncture has been demonstrated to facilitate the neurological recovery, the underlying mechanism is elusive. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts substantial protective effects for neurological disorders. In this study, we found that the level of BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) was elevated spontaneously after TBI and reached up to the peak at 12 h. Nevertheless, this enhancement is quickly declined to the normal at 48 h. After combined stimulation at the acupoints of Baihui, Renzhong, Hegu, and Zusanli, we found that BDNF and TrkB were still significantly elevated at 168 h. We also observed that the downstream molecular p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 were significantly increased, suggesting that acupuncture could persistently activate the BDNF/TrkB pathway. To further verify that acupuncture improved recovery through activating BDNF/TrkB pathway, K252a (specific inhibitor of TrkB) was treated by injection stereotaxically into lateral ventricle. We observed that K252a could significantly prevent the acupuncture-induced amelioration of motor, sensation, cognition, and synaptic plasticity. These data indicated that acupuncture promoted the recovery of neurological impairment after TBI by activating BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, providing new molecular mechanism for understanding traditional therapy of acupuncture.

MR imaging findings in mild traumatic brain injury with persistent neurological impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Trifan ◽  
Ramtilak Gattu ◽  
Ewart Mark Haacke ◽  
Zhifeng Kou ◽  
Randall R. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Imaging Findings

scholarly journals Neuroaxonal Regeneration is More Pronounced in Early Multiple Sclerosis than in Traumatic Brain Injury Lesions

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Schirmer ◽  
Doron Merkler ◽  
Fatima B. König ◽  
Wolfgang Brück ◽  
Christine Stadelmann
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury

scholarly journals Translation and cultural adaptation of the Game Dice Task to Brazilian population

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 929-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Rzezak ◽  
Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes ◽  
Sérgio Tufik ◽  
Marco Túlio de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Healthy Volunteer ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Translation And Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Risky Decisions

OBJECTIVE: The Game Dice Task (GDT) was developed to measure decision making under known risk. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the GDT to a Brazilian population. METHOD: After the GDT was translated and back-translated to Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated by eight bilingual judges, 175 Brazilian adults were divided into two groups - 160 healthy volunteers and 15 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients - and had completed the GDT. RESULTS: Differences between genders, but not age, were observed in the healthy volunteer sample. Males more frequently chose a combination of three dice while females preferred four dice. TBI patients were more impulsive than healthy volunteers; they less frequently chose a combination of three dice and made more risky decisions. CONCLUSION: Because of the rigorous process used to translate and adapt the GDT and the differences observed between patients with TBI and healthy volunteers, the Brazilian GDT was considered satisfactory for research purposes.

Arterial and Venous Cerebral Blood Flow Velocities and Their Correlation in Healthy Volunteers and Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Cardim ◽  
Marek Czosnyka ◽  
Karthikka Chandrapatham ◽  
Rafael Badenes ◽  
Alessandro Bertuccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Flow Velocities
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