scholarly journals Human Coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 in Hospitalized Children with Acute Respiratory Infections in Beijing, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Jin Cui ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Rou-Jian Lu ◽  
Zheng-De Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Nucleoprotein Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Beijing China

The human coronaviruses (HCoVs) HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 are two recently discovered coronaviruses that circulate widely and are associated with acute respiratory infections (ARI). We detected HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 in specimens collected from May 2008 to March 2010 from patients with ARI aged <7.75 years of age attending the Beijing Children's Hospital. Thirty-two (8.4%) and 57 (14.9%) of 382 specimens tested positive for HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1, respectively, by real-time RT-PCR. Use of a Luminex xTAG RVP Fast kit showed that coinfection with respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza 3 virus was common among patients infected with either virus type. In HCoV-HKU1-infected patients, the predominant clinical symptoms were cough, fever, and expectoration. In HCoV-NL63-infected patients they were cough, fever, and rhinorrhea. Phylogenetic studies showed that the HCoV-HKU1 nucleoprotein gene was relatively conserved compared to NCBI reference sequences, while the 1ab gene of HCoV-NL63 showed more variation.

Survey of WU and KI polyomaviruses, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus and parechovirus in children under 5 years of age in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Sadat Aghamirmohammadali ◽  
Kaveh Sadeghi ◽  
Nazanin Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi ◽  
Zahra Khoban ◽  
Talat Mokhtari-Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) remain an important cause for childhood morbid- ity worldwide. We designed a research with the objective of finding the frequency of respiratory viruses, particularly WU and KI polyomaviruses (WUPyV & KIPyV), human coronaviruses (HCoVs), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human parechovirus (HPeV) in hospitalized children who were influenza negative. Materials and Methods: Throat swabs were collected from children younger than 5 years who have been hospitalized for SARI and screened for WUPyV, KIPyV, HCoVs, HRSV and HPeV using Real time PCR. Results: A viral pathogen was identified in 23 (11.16%) of 206 hospitalized children with SARI. The rate of virus detection was considerably greater in infants <12 months (78.2%) than in older children (21.8%). The most frequently detected vi- ruses were HCoVs with 7.76% of positive cases followed by KIPyV (2%) and WUPyV (1.5%). No HPeV and HRSV were detected in this study. Conclusion: This research shown respiratory viruses as causes of childhood acute respiratory infections, while as most of mentioned viruses usually causes mild respiratory diseases, their frequency might be higher in outpatient children. Mean- while as HRSV is really sensitive to inactivation due to environmental situations and its genome maybe degraded, then for future studies, we need to use fresh samples for HRSV detection. These findings addressed a need for more studies on viral respiratory tract infections to help public health.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory infections in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Anthony Hart ◽  
Luis E. Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Micro Array ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the leading cause of mortality in children under five years of age worldwide and most of these deaths are due to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Recent evidence from studies using genome detection systems such as polymerase chain reaction or micro-array technology show that, in most cases, these deaths are caused or precipitated by viruses. In this paper, the definitions of upper and lower respiratory tract infections are reviewed. The principal signs of disease severity and the burden of viruses as causes of ARI are described. The prominent role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus is stressed, with data from epidemiological and clinical studies. Other important viral pathogens, such as Human Metapneumovirus, Human coronaviruses and Influenza are examined. The role of newly described viruses, such as bocavirus, is also discussed. The impact of HIV/AIDS in ARI burden and presentation assessed and the weight of Pneumocystis jiroveci and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections is recognized. It is concluded that there is an urgent need to improve diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines, as well as macro and micronutrient intake of children of the world, particularly in developing countries.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Vientiane, Lao PDR – the importance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Audrey Dubot-Pérès ◽  
Fiona M. Russell ◽  
David A. B. Dance ◽  
Keoudomphone Vilivong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Respiratory Viruses Associated With Acute Wheezing in Hospitalized Young Children in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olajumoke O Fadugba ◽  
Zaid Haddadin ◽  
Sylvie Muhimpundu ◽  
Samir Faouri ◽  
Asem Shehabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Surveillance

Abstract A cross-sectional viral surveillance study of hospitalized children less than 2 years of old in Amman, Jordan, noted that respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus, but not human rhinovirus, were associated with higher odds of acute wheezing. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the association between early childhood viral acute respiratory infections and recurrent wheezing later in childhood.

scholarly journals Etiological and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Jie Li ◽  
Hai-Yang Zhang ◽  
Li-Li Ren ◽  
Qing-Bin Lu ◽  
Xiang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
And Control

AbstractNationwide prospective surveillance of all-age patients with acute respiratory infections was conducted in China between 2009‒2019. Here we report the etiological and epidemiological features of the 231,107 eligible patients enrolled in this analysis. Children <5 years old and school-age children have the highest viral positivity rate (46.9%) and bacterial positivity rate (30.9%). Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus are the three leading viral pathogens with proportions of 28.5%, 16.8% and 16.7%, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the three leading bacterial pathogens (29.9%, 18.6% and 15.8%). Negative interactions between viruses and positive interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens are common. A Join-Point analysis reveals the age-specific positivity rate and how this varied for individual pathogens. These data indicate that differential priorities for diagnosis, prevention and control should be highlighted in terms of acute respiratory tract infection patients’ demography, geographic locations and season of illness in China.

scholarly journals Additional Diagnostic Yield of Adding Serology to PCR in Diagnosing Viral Acute Respiratory Infections in Kenyan Patients 5 Years of Age and Older

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Feikin ◽  
M. Kariuki Njenga ◽  
Godfrey Bigogo ◽  
Barrack Aura ◽  
Stella Gikunju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

ABSTRACTThe role of serology in the setting of PCR-based diagnosis of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) is unclear. We found that acute- and convalescent-phase paired-sample serologic testing increased the diagnostic yield of naso/oropharyngeal swabs for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, and parainfluenza viruses beyond PCR by 0.4% to 10.7%. Although still limited for clinical use, serology, along with PCR, can maximize etiologic diagnosis in epidemiologic studies.

Influenza Viral Infections Surveillance and Clinical Presentations in Hospitalized Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaha Al-Iede ◽  
Lena Sarhan ◽  
Leen Abushanab ◽  
Tamara Ayasrah ◽  
Rafaa Al Maani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Background: Influenza virus and other respiratory viruses have been identified as an essential cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children worldwide. However, there are few data on its frequency and clinical presentation in Jordan. Objectives: We aimed to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections and the various clinical presentations in hospitalized children, especially those with influenza viruses compared to other respiratory viruses. Methods: A retrospective study that was conducted at the Jordan university hospital. All the positive nasopharyngeal aspirates that were collected from hospitalized children aged 0-19 years from January 2017 to January 2019 were reviewed. Results: A total of 338 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) with positive viral serology results were reviewed. Among the patients younger than four years, the RSV virus was the most frequently detected. However, the Influenza B virus was the most commonly seen in patients older than 5 years, H1N1 was more frequent in autumn (29.5%), and RSV was the most frequent virus in winter. Bronchopneumonia was the most frequent diagnosis among all hospitalized patients, followed by bronchiolitis. Out of 338 patients, 50.3 % had tachypnea, 70.7% of patients were admitted to the pediatric floor, while 18.6% presented with a severe illness and required admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Infants under the age of one were more likely to have higher co-infection rates with other viruses compared to children over five years that had influenza. Conclusion: Presentations of influenza and other respiratory viruses vary between different age groups, such as sepsis in children younger than one year.

scholarly journals Human Rhinovirus Molecular Epidemiology and Genotyping in Iranian Military Trainees with Acute Respiratory Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel ◽  
Ali Salimi Jeda ◽  
Ahmad Tavakoli ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya ◽  
Morteza Izadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Human Rhinovirus ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Human rhinovirus (HRV) is still the most prevalent viral infection in humans and a significant cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in many communities, including military personnel undergoing basic training. Objectives: In this research, we assessed the molecular epidemiology, genotyping, and phylogenetic classification of HRVs in Iranian military trainees with respiratory infections (RI). Methods: For HRV identification and genotyping, respiratory specimens were obtained, and RT-PCR was conducted for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of HRV utilizing primers for the 5-UTR region. Results: Among 400 Iranian military trainees (average age of 21 ± 4 years, the range of 18 - 57 years) with respiratory infections, HRV was detected in 29 patients (7%) using RT-PCR. The direct sequencing of PCR products from 10 specimens showed that the incidence of type A (n = 5, 50%) was higher than that of type B (n = 4, 40%) and type C (n = 1, 10%). There were no significant associations between HRV and respiratory and clinical symptoms, blood group, and indoor or outdoor conditions (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: This research was the first to record HRV as a significant cause of respiratory problems among military trainees in Iran, with a frequency of 7%. The most prevalent genotype was HRV-A, which may be applicable in epidemiological and clinical studies, as well as vaccination plans.

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