scholarly journals Aging Influence on Fatigue Characteristics of RAC Mixtures Containing Warm Asphalt Additives

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feipeng Xiao ◽  
Wenbin Zhao ◽  
Serji N. Amirkhanian
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Rubberized Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Term Performance

Aging is an important factor to affect the long-term performance of asphalt pavement. The fatigue life of a typical warm mix asphalt (WMA) is generally related to various factors of rheological and mechanical properties of the mixture. The study of the fatigue behavior of the specific rubberized WMA is helpful in recycling the scrap tires and saving energy in terms of the conventional laboratory aging process. This study explores the utilization of the conventional fatigue analysis approach in investigating the cumulative dissipated, stiffness, and fatigue life of rubberized asphalt concrete mixtures containing the WMA additive after a long-term aging process. The aged beams were made with one rubber type (−40 mesh ambient crumb rubber), two aggregate sources, two WMA additives (Asphamin and Sasobit), and tested at 5 and20ºC. A total of 55 aged fatigue beams were tested in this study. The test results indicated that the addition of crumb rubber extends the fatigue resistance of asphalt binder while WMA additive exhibits a negative effect. The study indicated that the WMA additive generally has an important influence on fatigue life. In addition, test temperature and aggregate source play an important role in determining the cumulative dissipated energy, stiffness, and fatigue life of an aged mixture.

Laboratory Comparison of Permanent Deformation and Fatigue Behavior of Neat, Polymer, and Rubber-Asphalt Binders

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
Felipe F. Camargo ◽  
Kamilla Vasconcelos ◽  
Liedi L. Bernucci
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Fatigue Life Prediction ◽  
Polymer Modification ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Percentage Recovery

Fatigue cracking and rutting are among the major types of distresses to be considered in flexible pavement design. In this context, the choice of the asphalt binder plays a major role in both the fatigue behavior and permanent deformation resistance of the asphalt mixture. This study was conducted to assess the permanent deformation and fatigue behavior of a field-blended rubber-asphalt (CRMA) and compare the results with typical binders used in Brazil. The neat binder used for modification was also employed as a control and as a base for polymer modification (SBSA). The binders were evaluated using the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) for permanent deformation behavior, and the time sweep (TST) and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests for fatigue behavior. Modification of the neat binder resulted in an increase in percentage recovery in the MSCR, whereas the percentage recovery for CRMA was the highest among the three binders at any given temperature. The non-recoverable creep compliance for the CRMA was lower than that exhibited by the neat and SBSA binders for both stress levels for the range of temperatures tested. Binder modification resulted in an improved fatigue behavior compared with the neat binder according to the TST and LAS, whereas rubber modification resulted in the best fatigue behavior. Fatigue life prediction by TST was consistently higher than fatigue life prediction in the LAS test, probably because different criteria were used for determining failure in each test (ranking of the binders remained constant regardless of the criteria used).

scholarly journals Modelling and Laboratory Studies on the Adhesion Fatigue Performance for Thin-Film Asphalt and Aggregate System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Wang ◽  
Junyan Yi ◽  
Decheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test System ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
Adhesion Performance ◽  
Aggregate System

Adhesion between asphalt and aggregate plays an important role in the performance of asphalt mixtures. A low-frequency adhesion fatigue test was proposed in this paper to study the effect of environment on the asphalt-aggregate adhesion system. The stress-based fatigue model had been utilized to describe the fatigue behavior of thin-film asphalt and aggregate system. The factors influencing the adhesion fatigue performance were also investigated. Experiment results show that asphalt has more important effect on the adhesion performance comparing with aggregate. Basalt, which is regarded as hydrophobic aggregates with low silica content, has better adhesion performance to asphalt binder when compared with granite. The effects of aging on the adhesion fatigue performance are different for PG64-22 and rubber asphalt. Long-term aging is found to reduce the adhesion fatigue lives for rubber asphalt and aggregate system, while the effect of long-term aging for aggregate and PG64-22 binder system is positive. Generally the increased stress amplitude and test temperature could induce greater damage and lead to less fatigue lives for adhesion test system.

scholarly journals What Dimension of CSR Matters to Organizational Resilience? Evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendong Lv ◽  
Yuan Wei ◽  
Xiaoyun Li ◽  
Lin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Environmental Turbulence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Resilience ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Financial Volatility ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Term Performance

Prior work on corporate social responsibility (CSR) has focused mainly on its effects on the short-term performance of firms from developed countries. In this article, we shed light on its effects on organizational resilience, which is defined as the firm’s ability to positively cope with environmental turbulence, and operationalized by long-term, improved sales growth and financial volatility. In line with this operationalization, we adopt CSR’s performance-enhancing and performance-insuring mechanisms to disentangle the relationship between CSR and organizational resilience. Furthermore, we divide CSR into five dimensions, namely shareholder, employee, business, society and environment-related CSR, and respectively examine their impacts on organizational resilience. The empirical study on a large sample of public firms in China from 2010 to 2017 shows that CSR as a whole significantly increases the firms’ long-term growth and reduces their financial volatility. As for the five specific dimensions, they all have a significant negative effect on financial volatility, and the employee, business, environment-related CSR are positively associated with long-term growth. Yet, the empirical results did not indicate significant associations between shareholder and society-related CSR and firms’ long-term growth. This study first explores the impacts of CSR’s different dimensions on organizational resilience. Also, we contribute to enriching the literature on CSR by examining the long-term performance-insuring effect of CSR with a quantitative analysis of emerging markets. Finally, we discuss some important managerial implications, as well as promising directions for future research.

Does the Bargaining Power of Vertical Parties Improve or Worsen the Effect of Family Influence on Long-Term Performance?

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-184
Author(s):  
Rubén Martínez-Alonso ◽  
María J. Martínez-Romero ◽  
Julio Diéguez-Soto ◽  
Alfonso A. Rojo-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Moderating Role

Grounding in the socioemotional wealth approach, this chapter explores the effect of family influence on long-term performance. Moreover, this study also examines the moderating role of the bargaining power of vertical parties, namely supplier (SBP) and customer (CBP) bargaining power, on the preceding relationship. By utilising a panel dataset of 3,118 observations of Spanish private manufacturing firms in the 2007–2016 period, the chapter finds that family influence negatively impacts long-term performance. The findings also reveal that CBP mitigates the negative effect of family influence on long-term performance. In this light, CBP is found to be a potential environmental factor that enables family influenced firms enhancing their long-term performance.

Effect of Antioxidant Characteristic from Waste Cooking Oil in Modified Asphalt Binder

2016 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Nur Aifa Wan Azahar ◽  
Mastura Bujang ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Aging Rate ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder

Aging process especially in asphalt binder material can occur throughout the life cycle of asphalt pavement starting from mixing, placement and during the service life. During this process, the more stiffer and brittle of asphalt binder is produced due to age hardening and gives an indication of initial factor of deterioration in asphalt pavement. A number of noteworthy researchers have focused on oil based modification to produce modified asphalt binder by using Waste Cooking Oil (WCO), due to the presence of natural antioxidant properties possessed in WCO. Antioxidant has played the role as an oxidative inhibition and has the potential to minimize the aging rate to occur. The aging process is conducted by separating between short term and long term aging where short term oxidative aging of binders was simulated using rolling thin film oven (RTFO) while long term aging was performed using pressure aging vessel (PAV). The laboratory evaluation was carried out to investigate the relationship between the qualities of WCO that affect the availability of antioxidant amount towards the susceptibility of aging rate by conducting Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). The result from rheological studies demonstrated that the lowest Aging Index (AI) is presented as 2.14, 2.18 and 1.79 for replacement by using WCO in December sample at concentration of 3%, 4% and 5% for short term aging while AI at 3% = 5.17 and 5% = 7.22 for long term aging. Therefore, the high quality of oil represented by WCO in December sample has indicated the high availability of antioxidant content that can minimize the aging susceptibility in the asphalt binder modified by WCO.

Correlating Laboratory Conditioning with Field Aging for Asphalt using Rheological Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runhua Zhang ◽  
Jo E. Sias ◽  
Eshan V. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Binder Aging ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Aging has a significant effect on performance of asphalt materials. Reliable characterization of asphalt binder properties with aging is crucial to improving asphalt binder specifications as well as modification and formulation methods. The objective of this study is to correlate the laboratory conditioning methods with field aging using evolution of binder rheological parameters with time and pavement depth. Loose mixtures are aged in the lab (5 and 12 days aging at 95°C, and 24 h at 135°C) and recovered binder rheological properties are compared with those from different layers of field cores. The virgin binder results with 20 h pressure aging vessel (PAV) aging are also included. Binder testing is conducted using a dynamic shear rheometer with a 4 mm plate over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. Rheological parameters calculated from the master curves, performance grade system, and binder Christensen–Anderson–Marasteanu model are used to evaluate changes with aging. The field aging gradient is evaluated, and the laboratory conditioning durations corresponding with the field aging durations at different pavement depths are calculated. The results show that 5 days of aging can simulate around 8 years of field aging (in New Hampshire) for the top 12.5 mm pavement, and 12 days’ aging can simulate approximately 20 years; 20 h PAV binder aging is not adequate to capture the long-term performance of the pavement. This study provides a way to optimize the laboratory conditioning durations and evaluate the performance of asphalt material with respect to pavement life (time) and depth (location) within the pavement structure.

Properties of Pavement Bitumens Assessed Using European and American Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Pavel Coufalik ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Petr Hyzl ◽  
Iva Krcmova
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Unites States ◽  
Key Parameter

This paper compares the different approaches to assessing asphalt binders used in Europe and the Unites States. A series of pavement bitumens is assessed using European standards and also by the Performance Graded Asphalt Binder Specification based on AASHTO MP 1, which was developed as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) in the United States of America. The results show that the European approach places high requirements on the pavement bitumens in relation to their behavior at low-temperatures, while in case of the American approach, the key parameter is fatigue behavior after short-term and long-term aging. It is evident that it is necessary to evaluate properties of pavement bitumens after long-term aging in Europe, too.

scholarly journals Optical Characterization of Asphalt Binders Containing Wax Additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mithil Mazumder ◽  
Raju Ahmed ◽  
Moon-Sup Lee ◽  
Soon-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Optical Characterization ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Modified Binder

In between thermal-oxidative (heat and oxygen) and photo-oxidative (ultraviolet irradiation and oxygen) aging process of bitumen, photo-oxidative aging mainly depends on the optical properties of the asphalt binder. The higher the reflection (or the lower the absorption of the binders), the better the pavement serviceability. The literature review indicates that there is limited research conducted on the optical properties of the binder with wax additives. In this paper, the optical properties of commonly used binders (PG 64-22, Rubber modified binder, and SBS modified binder) containing wax additives (LEADCAP and Sasobit) were investigated using UV-Vis spectrometer. The result of this study showed that (1) the addition of modifiers (crumb rubber and SBS) with the base binder slightly increases the absorption of the binder; (2) the binder types and aging level have significant contribution on optical properties; (3) in general, the aged binders were observed to have higher reflectivity compared to the unaged binders; and (4) the addition of wax additives is observed to have a significant effect on the optical properties.

Application of the Dissipated Energy Concept in Fatigue Endurance Limit Testing

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Shen ◽  
Samuel H. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Endurance Limit ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Loading Modes ◽  
Damage Condition ◽  
Fatigue Endurance ◽  
Unique Relationship

A fatigue endurance limit has been postulated to exist in hot-mix asphalt pavement performance. It cannot be observed and studied with the use of traditional phenomenological approaches as seen by the totally different fatigue behavior at low strain–damage levels close to the fatigue endurance limit. The ratio of dissipated energy change succeeds in defining and investigating the existence of a fatigue endurance limit with a unique relationship between plateau value (PV) and fatigue life (Nf), regardless of strain–damage levels, mixture types, loading modes, and other testing conditions. To determine a fatigue endurance limit requires an extraordinarily long time to conduct testing. This paper applied the PV to the study of a fatigue endurance limit to validate a shortened laboratory testing procedure. Statistical analysis shows that the shortened test can predict the PV with sufficient accuracy. By applying the validated relationship between PV and Nf, the extremely long fatigue life under low strain–damage condition can be predicted without performing millions of loading cycles.

Factors that Affect the Fatigue Life of Rubber: A Literature Survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. Mars ◽  
A. Fatemi
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Loading Waveform ◽  
Constitutive Response ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Many factors are known to influence the mechanical fatigue life of rubber components. Four major categories of factors are reviewed here: the effects of mechanical loading history, environmental effects, effects of rubber formulation, and effects due to dissipative aspects of the constitutive response of rubber. For each category, primary factors are described, and existing literature is presented and reviewed. Rubber's fatigue behavior is extremely sensitive to both the maximum and minimum cyclic load limits. Other aspects of the mechanical load history are also discussed, including the effects of static loaded periods (“annealing”), load sequence, multiaxiality, frequency, and loading waveform. Environmental factors can affect both the short and long term fatigue behavior of rubber. The effects of temperature, oxygen, ozone, and static electrical charges are reviewed. A great range of behavior is available by proper manipulation of formulation and processing variables. Effects of elastomer type, filler type and volume fraction, antidegradants, curatives, and vulcanization are discussed. The role of dissipative constitutive behavior in the improvement of fatigue properties of rubber is also reviewed. Four distinct dissipative mechanisms are identified, and their effects on fatigue behavior are described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document