scholarly journals Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy Outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolapo A. Babalola ◽  
Folashade Omole
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Dental Screening ◽  
In Pregnancy

An increasing number of studies are confirming an association between periodontal disease (PD) and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. PD places pregnant women at greater risk for preterm birth than alcohol consumption or smoking. This underscores the importance of offering dental screening to women who are pregnant or contemplating pregnancy and the need for physicians who provide obstetric care to be aware of the possible connection between poor dental health and poor pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes-related microvascular disease and risks of disease progression in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. e1003856
Author(s):  
Sophie Relph ◽  
Trusha Patel ◽  
Louisa Delaney ◽  
Soha Sobhy ◽  
Shakila Thangaratinam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background The rise in the global prevalence of diabetes, particularly among younger people, has led to an increase in the number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, many of whom have diabetes-related microvascular complications. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes or disease progression in this population. Methods and findings We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal and perinatal complications in women with type 1 or 2 diabetic microvascular disease and the risk factors for worsening of microvascular disease in pregnancy using a prospective protocol (PROSPERO CRD42017076647). We searched major databases (January 1990 to July 2021) for relevant cohort studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We summarized the findings as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effects meta-analysis. We included 56 cohort studies involving 12,819 pregnant women with diabetes; 40 from Europe and 9 from North America. Pregnant women with diabetic nephropathy were at greater risk of preeclampsia (OR 10.76, CI 6.43 to 17.99, p < 0.001), early (<34 weeks) (OR 6.90, 95% CI 3.38 to 14.06, p < 0.001) and any preterm birth (OR 4.48, CI 3.40 to 5.92, p < 0.001), and cesarean section (OR 3.04, CI 1.24 to 7.47, p = 0.015); their babies were at increased risk of perinatal death (OR 2.26, CI 1.07 to 4.75, p = 0.032), congenital abnormality (OR 2.71, CI 1.58 to 4.66, p < 0.001), small for gestational age (OR 16.89, CI 7.07 to 40.37, p < 0.001), and admission to neonatal unit (OR 2.59, CI 1.72 to 3.90, p < 0.001) than those without nephropathy. Diabetic retinopathy was associated with any preterm birth (OR 1.67, CI 1.27 to 2.20, p < 0.001) and preeclampsia (OR 2.20, CI 1.57 to 3.10, p < 0.001) but not other complications. The risks of onset or worsening of retinopathy were increased in women who were nulliparous (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.40, p < 0.001), smokers (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.25 to 4.27, p = 0.008), with existing proliferative disease (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.04, p = 0.022), and longer duration of diabetes (weighted mean difference: 4.51 years, 95% CI 2.26 to 6.76, p < 0.001) than those without the risk factors. The main limitations of this analysis are the heterogeneity of definition of retinopathy and nephropathy and the inclusion of women both with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions In pregnant women with diabetes, presence of nephropathy and/or retinopathy appear to further increase the risks of maternal complications.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: molecular signature in pregnancy (MSP): longitudinal high-frequency sampling to characterise cross-omic trajectories in pregnancy in a resource-constrained setting

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e041631
Author(s):  
Tobias Brummaier ◽  
Basirudeen Syed Ahamed Kabeer ◽  
Pornpimon Wilaisrisak ◽  
Mupawjay Pimanpanarak ◽  
Aye Kyi Win ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Frequency Sampling ◽  
High Frequency Sampling ◽  
In Pregnancy

PurposeA successful pregnancy relies on the interplay of various biological systems. Deviations from the norm within a system or intersystemic interactions may result in pregnancy-associated complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Systems biology approaches provide an avenue of unbiased, in-depth phenotyping in health and disease. The molecular signature in pregnancy (MSP) cohort was established to characterise longitudinal, cross-omic trajectories in pregnant women from a resource constrained setting. Downstream analysis will focus on characterising physiological perturbations in uneventful pregnancies, pregnancy-associated complications and adverse outcomes.ParticipantsFirst trimester pregnant women of Karen or Burman ethnicity were followed prospectively throughout pregnancy, at delivery and until 3 months post partum. Serial high-frequency sampling to assess whole blood transcriptomics and microbiome composition of the gut, vagina and oral cavity, in conjunction with assessment of gene expression and microbial colonisation of gestational tissue, was done for all cohort participants.Findings to date381 women with live born singletons averaged 16 (IQR 15–18) antenatal visits (13 094 biological samples were collected). At 5% (19/381) the preterm birth rate was low. Other adverse events such as maternal febrile illness 7.1% (27/381), gestational diabetes 13.1% (50/381), maternal anaemia 16.3% (62/381), maternal underweight 19.2% (73/381) and a neonate born small for gestational age 20.2% (77/381) were more often observed than preterm birth.Future plansResults from the MSP cohort will enable in-depth characterisation of cross-omic molecular trajectories in pregnancies from a population in a resource-constrained setting. Moreover, pregnancy-associated complications and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes will be investigated at the same granular level, with a particular focus on population relevant needs such as effect of tropical infections on pregnancy. More detailed knowledge on multiomic perturbations will ideally result in the development of diagnostic tools and ultimately lead to targeted interventions that may disproportionally benefit pregnant women from this resource-limited population.Trial registration numberNCT02797327.

Association of Thyroid Dysfunction and Pregnancy Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3367-3369
Author(s):  
Nagina Bibi ◽  
Iram Inam ◽  
Ghiasul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hypothyroidism in pregnancy results in serious consequences for both mother and fetus. Pregnant women are prone to thyroid dysfunction due to physiological changes taking place in body. This study is undertaken to see the effect of thyroid dysfunction on pregnancy outcomes. Methodology: A prospective observational study was done. Study was conducted in a private gynecological and obstetric unit. A sample size of 200 women in selected institute with singleton pregnancy was recruited. Pregnant women with chronic disabilities and previously known thyroid disorders were excluded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 and binary logistic regression analysis was done. Ethical rules were followed throughout the study and consent taken from all participants. Results: Out of 200, 23 participants were positive for thyroid disorder. Thyroid dysfunctions are responsible for causing multiple complications in pregnancy for mother and fetus. Findings suggest a signification association of thyroid dysfunction and feto-maternal consequences (p-value <0.005). Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroidism is a common finding during pregnancy. It is compulsory to detect and treat thyroid dysfunction early in pregnancy so that adverse outcomes could be avoided. There is a need for timely screening of thyroid profile in suspected pregnancies. keywords: TSH, FT3, FT4, Pregnancy, Outcomes.

scholarly journals Pregnancy outcomes among women with thyrotoxicosis a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panwad Harn-a-morn ◽  
Prapai Dejkhamron ◽  
Theera Tongsong ◽  
Suchaya Luewan
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Abstract Objective: To compare adverse outcomes between: 1) pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis and low risk pregnancies, 2) pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis requiring no anti-thyroid drug (ATD) and low risk pregnancies, and 3) those treated with methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU)Methods: The medical records of singleton pregnancies with thyrotoxicosis were comprehensively reviewed. Low-risk pregnancies matched for age and parity were randomly recruited as controls. The obstetric outcomes were compared between both groups, and the outcomes of various subgroups of the study group were also compared.Results: A total of 408 pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis were recruited. Compared with the controls, the women of the study group had significantly higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) (23.7% vs 17.7%; p:0.036), preterm birth (19.3% vs 12.3%; p:0.007), preeclampsia (8.5% vs 4.4%; p: 0.019) and cesarean section (21.5% vs 16.0%; p:0.046). In the study group (thyrotoxicosis), 67, 127, and 158 patients were treated with MMI, PTU and no anti-thyroid drug (ATD), respectively. All obstetric outcomes were comparable between the women treated with PTU and those with MMI, and between the controlled and uncontrolled groups. However, women who needed ATD had significantly higher rates of LBW and preterm birth than those without medications.Conclusions: Thyrotoxicosis, whether treated or not needing ATDs, was significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Also, active disease, indicated by the need for ATD significantly increased the risk of such adverse outcomes, whereas the patients treated with MMI or PTU had comparable adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Strategies for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia in the COVID-19 pandemic era

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Andre Prawira-Putra ◽  
Theda Lukito ◽  
Rukhsana Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Infant Morbidity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Malaria is one of the oldest infectious disease that continues to affect annually more than 200 million people globally. Pregnant women are the second most vulnerable group to malaria, besides children. A pregnant woman with malaria risks detrimental harm to herself and to her child resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. These adverse outcomes contribute to maternal, neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. It is essential to protect pregnant women from malaria to improve the public health burden in malaria endemic countries.

Association of Maternal History of Allergic Features with Preterm Pregnancy Outcomes in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mayko Saito-Abe ◽  
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada ◽  
Kyongsun Pak ◽  
Miori Sato ◽  
Makoto Irahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal History ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Previous studies have reported that maternal asthma increases the risk of preterm birth. We hypothesized that inflammatory reactions caused by allergic diseases might affect the uterine environment and, subsequently, perinatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between allergic features among mothers and preterm pregnancy outcomes in a nationwide birth cohort. Methods: We analyzed data from pregnant women obtained from the Japanese Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), a nationwide general birth cohort study. We used binomial and multinomial logistic regression models to examine the associations between maternal allergic features and preterm birth, threatened preterm labor (TPL), and preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PPROM). Results: A total of 97,683 pregnant women were included. Prevalence of preterm birth, TPL, and PPROM was 4.7, 19.6, and 1.2%, respectively. Maternal history of allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, food allergy, drug allergy, and contact dermatitis) increased the risk of TPL(adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.11 [95% CI: 1.06–1.17], aOR = 1.12 [1.08–1.16], aOR = 1.10 [1.04–1.16], aOR = 1.17 [1.09–1.26], aOR = 1.35 [1.23–1.48], and aOR = 1.34 [1.20–1.49], respectively). Although some maternal allergic features showed a negative association with preterm birth, the variables affecting preterm birth differed according to the gestational age of the fetus (22–33 weeks vs. 34–36 weeks). There were no significant associations between maternal allergic features and PPROM. Conclusion: Maternal allergic disease, except atopic dermatitis, may increase the risk of TPL. Comorbidity of maternal allergic disorders and perinatal adverse outcomes require further investigation.

scholarly journals A várandós nő parodontalis egészségi állapota és a terhességi komplikációk közötti kapcsolat

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (25) ◽  
pp. 999-1007
Author(s):  
István Gera
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract: Data from epidemiological and clinical studies published in the past two decades indicate certain association between periodontal disease and increased risk for preterm birth or low birth weight. Although the strength of those observed associations is weak, periodontitis today is considered as one of the potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aims of the publication are to summarize the epidemiological and clinical evidence for the impact of periodontal disease on adverse pregnancy outcomes and to make an attempt to overview the potential biological mechanism behind this association. The majority of epidemiological and clinical studies found certain negative effect of poor maternal periodontal condition on the incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, pre-eclampsy, restricted foetal growth or even stillbirth. Two possible biological pathways have so far been identified: 1) the direct dissemination of the periodontal pathogens or their toxic by-products which reach the foetal-placental unit, and 2) an indirect mechanism when the circulating systemic inflammatory mediators induced by the periodontal inflammation can provoke secondary inflammation and foetal damage in the amnion. The periodontal therapy applied during the second or third trimesters has not been proven to reduce the incidence of any adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. A much more prophylaxis-oriented approach in periodontal treatment is needed. The adequate periodontal therapy should be completed before the conception to provide benefit to the pregnant women and also the new born baby. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 999–1007.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcomes among Women with Graves’ Hyperthyroidism: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 4495
Author(s):  
Panwad Harn-a-morn ◽  
Prapai Dejkhamron ◽  
Theera Tongsong ◽  
Suchaya Luewan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Objective: The primary objectives of this study are to compare the rates of preterm birth; fetal growth restriction and low birth weight between the following groups: (1) pregnant women treated for thyrotoxicosis and low-risk pregnancies; (2) between pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis with no need of medication and low-risk pregnancies; and (3) between those treated with MMI and PTU. Methods: The medical records of singleton pregnancies with thyrotoxicosis were comprehensively reviewed. Low-risk pregnancies matched for age and parity were randomly recruited as controls. The obstetric outcomes were compared between both groups; the outcomes of various subgroups of the thyrotoxicosis group were also compared. Results: A total of 408 pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis were recruited. Compared with the controls; the women of the thyrotoxicosis group had significantly higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) (23.7% vs. 17.7%; p: 0.036), preterm birth (19.3% vs. 12.3%; p: 0.007), preeclampsia (8.5% vs. 4.4%; p: 0.019) and cesarean section (21.5% vs. 16.0%; p: 0.046). In the thyrotoxicosis group; 67; 127; and 158 patients were treated with MMI; PTU and no anti-thyroid drug (ATD), respectively. All obstetric outcomes were comparable between the women treated with PTU and those with MMI; and between the controlled and uncontrolled groups. However, women who needed ATD had significantly higher rates of LBW and preterm birth than those without medications. Conclusions: Thyrotoxicosis, whether treated or not needing ATDs, was significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Also, active disease, indicated by the need for ATD significantly increased the risk of such adverse outcomes; whereas the patients treated with MMI or PTU had comparable adverse outcomes.

Metformin Combined LMWH Intervention in 25 Pregnant Women with History of Hyperlipidemia Pancreatitis in Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Peng ◽  
Ya-Li Deng ◽  
Ling Yu ◽  
Yan-Ting Nie ◽  
Ting Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Neonatal Asphyxia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: To explore the early preventive treatment of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGP) in pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed to examine the drug intervention on recurrent HTGP and related pregnancy outcomes among women who had HTGP in their past pregnancy and developed hyperlipidemia during the second pregnancy. Participants were identified through inpatient case records under a single physician at the clinic and divided into two groups. The intervention group was given metformin lipid-lowering combined with low-molecular-weight heparin to prevent thrombosis when hypertriglyceridemia was developed during the pregnancy. In contrast, the non-intervention group includes those who did not receive active drug treatment until they developed recurrent HTGP. Metabolic markers were also examined by comparing them with their respective past pregnancies. Results: All participants experienced elevated triglycerides during their two consecutive pregnancies. No pregnant women developed HTGP in the intervention group (n=12), while 10 of 13 (76.9%) women developed HTGP in the non-intervention group. Thus, the outcome seemed to be markedly different. In the intervention group, 11 women were gestated to term, and one was premature; one of 12 (8.3%) births was neonatal asphyxia; there was no low-weight birth, and the prognosis of mother and baby was favorable. Of 10 women who developed recurrent HTGP in the non-intervention group, four suffered from fetal loss, four had premature, and two had full-term delivery; among the three pregnant women without HTGP, one had a premature and two had full-term births; five of thirteen (38.5%) births were neonatal asphyxia. Conclusion: Pregnant women with HTGP history, if not treated, are likely to develop the condition recurrently during pregnancy, but timely intervention on hypertriglyceridemia with lipid-lowering and thrombosis-preventing seemed complete to reduce the recurrent HTGP and improve the pregnancy outcomes.

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