scholarly journals Sedation and Analgesia in Children with Developmental Disabilities and Neurologic Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Kilbaugh ◽  
Stuart H. Friess ◽  
Ramesh Raghupathi ◽  
Jimmy W. Huh
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Sedation And Analgesia ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Children With Developmental Disabilities

Sedation and analgesia performed by the pediatrician and pediatric subspecialists are becoming increasingly common for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders (autism, epilepsy, stroke, obstructive hydrocephalus, traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy). The overall objectives of this paper are (1) to provide an overview on recent studies that highlight theincreasedrisk for respiratory complications following sedation and analgesia in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders, (2) to provide a better understanding of sedatives and analgesic medications which are commonly used in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders on thecentral nervous system.

Lhermitte-Duclos Disease with Cervical Arteriovenous Fistula

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Anwar Haq ◽  
Ibrahim Alzahrani ◽  
Essam Shail ◽  
Abdulaziz Almubarak
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Pten Gene ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Cowden’S Syndrome

AbstractLhermitte-Duclos disease is a rare condition with less than 250 cases reported in the literature. It was considered a neoplastic or hamartomatous growth in the cerebellum. It commonly presents with symptoms of high intracranial pressure or obstructive hydrocephalus. Surgical resection is often curative. The lesion is associated with PTEN gene mutation, and it is considered to be one of the diagnostic criteria of Cowden's syndrome. Vascular tumors are reported in this syndrome, including glioblastomas and meningiomas. Furthermore, central nervous system vascular lesions were also reported in Lhermitte-Duclos disease, such as deep venous anomalies and brain arteriovenous fistulas. A report of an asymptomatic spinal cervical AVF in a patient with Lhermitte-Duclos disease was published in 2006. We present the second case of Lhermitte-Duclos disease associated with an asymptomatic spinal cervical AVF in a 17-year-old young woman with literature review of central nervous system vascular lesions in Lhermitte-Duclos disease.

NEUROLOGIC DISEASES IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-957
Author(s):  
William A. Hawke ◽  
John S. Prichard
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Neurologic Diseases ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

THE SEMINAR was conducted in four 3-hour sessions and aimed to cover the more important features of pediatric neurology. DEVELOPMENT Dr. Hawke reviewed the normal development of the central nervous system in the infant and child which is so important in the assessment of neurologic disorders in this age group. It was noted that the nervous system was particularly immature and changing rapidly in the first 2 years of life. Development was related to myelination and it was emphasized that this was not a steady process but a pattern of sequences of rapid and slow growth. Motor and sensory development appeared to develop from above and to proceed downward, so that eye-control develops before hand- and legcontrol. Development was related to three functioning levels of the central nervous system—the brain stem, the archipallium, and the neopallium. It was observed that the newborn baby functioned at the brain stem level, and to illustrate this an example was given of the hydranencephalic baby which behaves perfectly normally for the first few weeks of life. The anchipallium, which includes part of the temporal lobe, the cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia, supervenes on the brain stem and may be considered responsible for the basic emotions and some primitive motor and sensory control. The neopallium, which includes most of the cerebral hemisphere, becomes dominant in primates. Its function is intellectual rather than emotional and is responsible for skills, discrimination and fine movements. The clinical application of these developmental patterns are innumerable but illustrations were given of changes in physical signs in static brain lesions.

scholarly journals Neurologic disorders in 4858 survivors of central nervous system tumors in childhood—an Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) study

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Kenborg ◽  
Jeanette Falck Winther ◽  
Karen Markussen Linnet ◽  
Anja Krøyer ◽  
Vanna Albieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Neurologic Disorders

scholarly journals The savant syndrome: an extraordinary condition. A synopsis: past, present, future

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1522) ◽  
pp. 1351-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darold A. Treffert
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Autistic Disorder ◽  
Central Nervous System Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Disabilities ◽  
Savant Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Savant syndrome is a rare, but extraordinary, condition in which persons with serious mental disabilities, including autistic disorder, have some ‘island of genius’ which stands in marked, incongruous contrast to overall handicap. As many as one in 10 persons with autistic disorder have such remarkable abilities in varying degrees, although savant syndrome occurs in other developmental disabilities or in other types of central nervous system injury or disease as well. Whatever the particular savant skill, it is always linked to massive memory. This paper presents a brief review of the phenomenology of savant skills, the history of the concept and implications for education and future research.

scholarly journals Aggregated n-of-1 trials of central nervous system stimulants versus placebo for paediatric traumatic brain injury – a pilot study

Trials ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine J Nikles ◽  
Lynne McKinlay ◽  
Geoffrey K Mitchell ◽  
Sue-Ann S Carmont ◽  
Hugh E Senior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Central Nervous System Stimulants

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Neurologic Manifestations of COVID-19 and Management of Pre-existing Neurologic Disorders in Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 088307382096899
Author(s):  
Yunsung Kim ◽  
Sarah A. Walser ◽  
Sheila J. Asghar ◽  
Rohit Jain ◽  
Gayatra Mainali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurologic Manifestations ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Neurologic Findings

Since the first reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection from China, multiple studies have been published regarding the epidemiologic aspects of COVID-19 including clinical manifestations and outcomes. The majority of these studies have focused on respiratory complications. However, recent findings have highlighted the systemic effects of the virus, including its potential impact on the nervous system. Similar to SARS-CoV-1, cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 depends on the expression of ACE2, a receptor that is abundantly expressed in the nervous system. Neurologic manifestations in adults include cerebrovascular insults, encephalitis or encephalopathy, and neuromuscular disorders. However, the presence of these neurologic findings in the pediatric population is unclear. In this review, the potential neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2, known neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 in children, and management of preexisting pediatric neurologic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.

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