scholarly journals Characteristics of a Microcystin-Degrading Bacterium under Alkaline Environmental Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Okano ◽  
Kazuya Shimizu ◽  
Yukio Kawauchi ◽  
Hideaki Maseda ◽  
Motoo Utsumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bloom ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Toxic Blooms ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Water Blooms

The pH of the water associated with toxic blooms of cyanobacteria is typically in the alkaline range; however, previously only microcystin-degrading bacteria growing in neutral pH conditions have been isolated. Therefore, we sought to isolate and characterize an alkali-tolerant microcystin-degrading bacterium from a water bloom using microcystin-LR. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolated bacterium belonged to the genusSphingopyxis, and the strain was named C-1.Sphingopyxissp. C-1 can grow; at pH 11.0; however, the optimum pH for growth was pH 7.0. The microcystin degradation activity of the bacterium was the greatest between pH 6.52 and pH 8.45 but was also detected at pH 10.0. ThemlrAhomolog encoding the microcystin-degrading enzyme in the C-1 strain was conserved. We concluded that alkali-tolerant microcystin-degrading bacterium played a key role in triggering the rapid degradation of microcystin, leading to the disappearance of toxic water blooms in aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Psychroserpens Luteus Sp. Nov., Isolated fFrom Red Algae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Ya Ping ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jin-Yu Zhang ◽  
Shu-Xin Wang ◽  
Zong-Jun Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Abstract A Gram-stain-negative, gliding-motile, positive for catalase, facultative anaerobic, designated strain XSD401T, was isolated from the red algae of Xiaoshi Island, Shandong Province, China. Growth occurred at 20–37 °C (optimum, 33 °C), pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5), and with 0.5–5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3%). The main fatty acids are iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C17:0 3-OH, iso-C15:0 3-OH, C16:0. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), three unidentified aminolipids (AL1, AL2, AL3) and one unidentified lipid (L) were the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.9 mol%. Strain XSD401T had the highest sequence similarity (96.88%) to the 16S rRNA gene of Psychroserpens damuponensis KCTC 23539T. The similarities with Psychroserpens burtonensis DSM 12212T was 96.31%. The dDDH values between strain XSD401T and P. damuponensis KCTC 23539T, P. burtonensis DSM 12212T, were 20.40% and 20.30%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain XSD401T and P. damuponensis KCTC 23539T, P. burtonensis DSM 12212T were 76.91%, 76.88%, respectively. The differences in morphology, physiology and genotype from the previously described taxa support the classification of strain XSD401T as a representative of a novel species of the genus Psychroserpens, for which the name Psychroserpens luteus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XSD401T (= MCCC 1H00396T = KCTC 72684T = JCM 33931T).

scholarly journals Cellulomonas endophytica sp. nov., isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3091-3095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Qiong Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Min Xiao ◽  
Zhou-Yan Dong ◽  
Jing-Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Pr China ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Mannosides ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic and non-motile strain, designated SYSUP0004T, was isolated from the tubers of Gastrodia elata Blume collected from Yunnan Province, PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence result showed that the strain SYSUP0004T shared low similarity (97.7 %) with the type strain of Cellulomonas marina . SYSUP0004T grew at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0), temperature 4–30 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and could tolerate NaCl up to 4 % w/v (optimum in the absence of NaCl). The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A4β with an interpeptide bridge l-ornithine–d-glutamic acid. Cell-wall sugars were mannose, ribose, glucose, galactose and fucose. The menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C15 : 1 A, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The polar lipids of SYSUP0004T were diphosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and unidentified glycolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 76.5 %. The average nucleotide identity values between SYSUP0004T and members of the genus Cellulomonas were below the cut-off level (95–96 %) recommended as the ANI criterion for interspecies identity. Thus, based on the above results strain SYSUP0004T represents a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas , for which the name Cellulomonas endophytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain, SYSUP0004T (=KCTC 49025T=CGMCC 1.16405T).

scholarly journals Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobe that transforms phenol into benzoate via 4-hydroxybenzoate

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Juteau ◽  
Valérie Côté ◽  
Marie-France Duckett ◽  
Réjean Beaudet ◽  
François Lépine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Transformation Activity ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Stimulation Of

An anaerobic bacterium that transforms phenol and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-OHB) into benzoate, strain LR7.2T, was isolated from a culture originating from a mixture of swamp water, sewage sludge, swine waste and soil. Cells of strain LR7.2T are Gram-positive short rods (1×2 μm) that are electron-dense when observed by electron microscopy. The optimum pH and temperature for growth and transformation activity of 4-OHB are 7·5–8·0 and 30–37 °C, respectively. The bacterium does not use sulphate, thiosulphate, nitrate, nitrite, FeCl3, fumarate or arsenate as an electron acceptor. It does not normally use sulphite, although stimulation of growth and 4-OHB transformation activity at a low concentration (up to 2 mM) has been reported previously under different culture conditions. The presence of 4-OHB or phenol is essential for growth; transformation of 4-OHB or phenol into benzoate is used to produce energy for growth. Using [6D]-phenol, 4-OHB was shown to be an intermediate in the transformation of phenol into benzoate. No spore was observed. The bacterium has a DNA G+C content of 51 mol% and its major membrane fatty acid is anteiso-C15 : 0. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain LR7.2T shows only 90 % similarity to its closest relative (Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum). From these results, a new taxon is proposed: Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is LR7.2T (=ATCC BAA-820T=DSM 15808T).

Characterization of aerobic azo dye-degrading bacteria and their activity in biofilms

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Coughlin ◽  
B. K. Kinkle ◽  
A. Tepper ◽  
P. L. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

An azo dye-degrading strain, originally named TBX65, was isolated from the mixed liquor of the Mill Creek waste water treatment plant in Cincinnati, Ohio. Strain TBX65 has the unusual ability to aerobically reduce the azo bond of several azo dyes and is able to use some of these dyes as growth substrate. Subsequent investigations have revealed that TBX65 is actually composed of several strains including two azo dye-degrading strains, MC1 and MI2. Strain MI2 is able to use the azo dyes AO7 and AO8 as its sole source of carbon, energy, and nitrogen. In contrast, MC1 can aerobically reduce the azo bond of these dyes but only in the presence of an exogenous source of carbon and nitrogen. Both MC1 and MI2 are Gram negative, rod-shaped bacteria that form yellow colonies. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of MC1 indicates that it is a strain of Sphingomonas. Based on this phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related strain to MC1 is strain C7, a previously described azo dye-degrading bacterium isolated from biofilms growing in our laboratories. A strain-specific fluorescent antibody has been developed for strains MC1 and MI2, and is being used to determine the survival and azo dye-degrading ability of these strains in biofilms generated in a rotating drum bioreactor.

scholarly journals Nautilia nitratireducens sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic, chemosynthetic, nitrate-ammonifying bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jessica Ricci ◽  
James W. Voordeckers ◽  
Valentin Starovoytov ◽  
Costantino Vetriani
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Casamino Acids ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A thermophilic, anaerobic, chemosynthetic bacterium, designated strain MB-1T, was isolated from the walls of an active deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney on the East Pacific Rise at  ° 50′ N 10 ° 17′ W. The cells were Gram-negative-staining rods, approximately 1–1.5 μm long and 0.3–0.5 μm wide. Strain MB-1T grew at 25–65 °C (optimum 55 °C), with 10–35 g NaCl l−1 (optimum 20 g l−1) and at pH 4.5–8.5 (optimum pH 7.0). Generation time under optimal conditions was 45.6 min. Growth occurred under chemolithoautotrophic conditions with H2 as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source. Nitrate was used as the electron acceptor, with resulting production of ammonium. Thiosulfate, sulfur and selenate were also used as electron acceptors. No growth was observed in the presence of lactate, peptone or tryptone. Chemo-organotrophic growth occurred in the presence of acetate, formate, Casamino acids, sucrose, galactose and yeast extract under a N2/CO2 gas phase. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that this organism is closely related to Nautilia profundicola AmHT, Nautilia abyssi PH1209T and Nautilia lithotrophica 525T (95, 94 and 93 % sequence identity, respectively). On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and genetic considerations, it is proposed that the organism represents a novel species within the genus Nautilia, Nautilia nitratireducens sp. nov. The type strain is MB-1T (=DSM 22087T =JCM 15746T).

scholarly journals Vogesella mureinivorans sp. nov., a peptidoglycan-degrading bacterium from lake water

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2467-2472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels O. G. Jørgensen ◽  
Kristian K. Brandt ◽  
Ole Nybroe ◽  
Michael Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A novel, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, Gram-negative strain was isolated from mesotrophic lake water in Zealand, Denmark. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the bacterium, designated strain 389T, indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Vogesella and formed a monophyletic group with Vogesella perlucida DS-28T (99.1 % nucleotide similarity); it was less related to Vogesella indigofera ATCC 19706T (96.9 % similarity) and Vogesella lacus LMG 24504T (96.8 % similarity). Hybridization of DNA from strain 389T and V. perlucida demonstrated a reassociation of 50.6±9.6 %. The DNA G+C content of strain 389T was 61.2 mol%. The fatty acid profile of the strain differed from those of the other strains representing the genus Vogesella by a high content of C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH (71.6 %) and a lower content of C16 : 0. Strain 389T was capable of degrading peptidoglycan and had chitinase and lysozyme activities, possibly associated with the degradation of peptidoglycan, and had capacity for degradation of several other polymer compounds. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain 389T represents a novel species, for which we propose the name Vogesella mureinivorans sp. nov. The type strain is 389T (=DSM 21247T =LMG 25302T).

scholarly journals Tumebacillus luteolus sp. nov., isolated from soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 4107-4112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihee Her ◽  
Sathiyaraj Srinivasan ◽  
Sang-Seob Lee
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Two strains of Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria, designated U13T and U14, were isolated from soil of the Ukraine. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belong to the genus Tumebacillus, with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Tumebacillus ginsengisoli Gsoil 1105T (95.48 % and 95.49 %, respectively). Strains U13T and U14 had iso-C15 : 0 and summed features 1 and 4 as the main fatty acids, and were able to grow at pH ranging from pH 5.0 to 9.0 (optimum pH 6.0–7.0), temperatures ranging from 25 to 42 °C (optimum 28–37 °C) and with 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %, w/v) on R2A agar medium. Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the cell-wall peptidoglycan type of the two strains was type A1γ (meso-diaminopimelic acid). On the basis of the evidence from this study, strains U13T and U14 represent a novel species of the genus Tumebacillus, for which the name Tumebacillus luteolus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is U13T ( = KEMB 7305-100T = JCM 19866T) and a second strain is U14 ( = KEMB 7305-101 = JCM 19867).

scholarly journals Mucilaginibacter ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from a ginseng-cultivated soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3933-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyung Ahn ◽  
Byoung-chan Kim ◽  
Jae-Ho Joa ◽  
Soo-Jin Kim ◽  
Jaekyeong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dark Pink

A dark-pink-coloured bacterial strain, B4Y-8T, was isolated from a soil cultivated with ginseng. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain showed highest similarity with Mucilaginibacter litoreus BR-18T (96.8 %), Mucilaginibacter lutimaris BR-3T (96.6 %) and Mucilaginibacter defluvii A5T (96.2 %) among the type strains of species of the genus Mucilaginibacter. Strain B4Y-8T was a strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, short-rod-shaped bacterium producing a large amount of extracellular polymeric substance. The strain grew at 10–35 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 3.0–11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The DNA G+C content of strain B4Y-8T was 49.0 mol%. It contained menaquinone 7 (MK-7) as the major isoprenoid quinone, and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids. On the basis of evidence from the present polyphasic taxonomic study, strain B4Y-8T should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter ginsengisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B4Y-8T ( = KACC 18152T = JCM 30759T).

scholarly journals Shewanella mangrovi sp. nov., an acetaldehyde-degrading bacterium isolated from mangrove sediment

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2630-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Xie-Xie Shang ◽  
Zhi-Wei Yi ◽  
Li Gu ◽  
Run-Ying Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Major Respiratory Quinone

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain YQH10T, which was isolated from mangrove sediment collected from Zhangzhou, China during the screening of acetaldehyde-degrading bacteria. Cells of strain YQH10T were Gram-stain-negative rods and pale brown-pigmented. Growth was observed at salinities from 0 to 11 % and at temperatures from 4 to 42 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YQH10T is affiliated to the genus Shewanella, showing the highest similarity with Shewanella haliotis DW01T (95.7 %) and other species of the genus Shewanella (91.4–95.6 %). The principal fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA had a G+C content of 48.3 mol%. Strain YQH10T can completely degrade 0.02 % (w/v) acetaldehyde on 2216E at 28 °C within 48 h. Based on these phenotypic and genotypic data, strain YQH10T represents a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella mangrovi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YQH10T ( = MCCC 1A00830T = JCM 30121T).

Halomonas Jincaotanensis Sp. Nov., a 1-naphthylamine Degrading Bacterium Isolated From Pamir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuying Bu ◽  
Zhanfeng Xia ◽  
Zhanwen Liu ◽  
Min Ren ◽  
Chuanxing Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Pr China

Abstract A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain TRM85114T, was isolated from Jincaotan in Pamir, PR China. We found it has the ability to degrading 1-naphthylamine. Strain TRM85114T grows at 4-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0) and with 3%-15% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3%-6%). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain TRM85114T is affiliated with the genus Halomonas, sharing high sequence similarity (97.3%) with the type strain of Halomonas korlensis CGMCC 1.6981T. The major fatty acids of strain TRM85114T are C12:0 3-OH, C16:0, C17:0 cyclo, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω6c and/or C18:1 ω7c). The predominant respiratory quinone is Q-7. The genomic DNA G + C content of strain TRM85114T was determined to be 61.6 mol%. Calculating the average nucleotide identities and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain TRM85114T and the related type Halomonas strains further revealed that TRM85114T represented a novel species of the genus Halomonas. The name Halomonas jincaotanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM85114T (CCTCC AB 2021006T =LMG 32311T).

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