scholarly journals Sugar Variation in Soybean Seed Assessed with a Rapid Extraction and Quantification Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hou ◽  
P. Chen ◽  
A. Shi ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
Y.-J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Rapid Extraction ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

Sugar content in soybean [Glycine max(L) Merr.] seed is an important quality attribute for soyfood and feed. Rapid extraction and quantification of soluble sugars in soybean seed are essential for large-scale breeding selections. In this study, using water as extractant combined with a high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) system, variability and repeatability of sugar content were tested in 20 diverse soybean genotypes. Individual sugars were clearly resolved and identified, including sucrose, stachyose, raffinose, glucose, fructose, and verbascose. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a highly reproducible estimation of sucrose, stachyose, and raffinose. PI 243545 was confirmed as a unique germplasm with the highest sucrose (105.48 mg/g) and total sugar (148.76 mg/g) content. Two low-oligosaccharide accessions, PI 200508 and 03CB-14, were confirmed with extremely low concentrations of raffinose and stachyose. PI 417559 was identified as a high glucose and fructose germplasm. The identified germplasm with unique sugar profiles will be valuable in breeding specialty soybeans for improved sugar content. The sugar testing method will facilitate the screening of seed sugar profiles in a large-scale soybean breeding program.

Phytochemical Fingerprints of Lime Honey Collected in Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1259-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
Branko Šikoparija ◽  
Tomislav Tosti ◽  
Jelena Trifković ◽  
Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Lime Tree ◽  
Hybrid Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Production Stages

Abstract Composition of phenolic compounds and the sugar content were determined as the basis for characterization of lime honey from Serbia. Particular attention was given to differences in phytochemical profiles of ripe and unripe lime honey and lime tree nectar. Melissopalynological analysis confirmed domination of Tilia nectar in all analyzed samples. Phenolic acids, abscisic acid, flavonoids, and flavonoid glycosides were determined by means of ultra-HPLC coupled with a hybrid mass spectrometer (UHPLC–OrbiTrap). Sugar content was determined using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with amperometric detection. Similar phenolic compounds characterized unripe and ripe honeys, while the lime tree nectar profile showed notable differences. Compared to lime tree nectar, a high amount of chrysin, pinocembrin, and galangin were detected in both ripe and unripe lime honey. Fructose and glucose were the major constituents of all investigated samples, and amounts were within the limits established by European Union legislation. Sucrose content in the nectar sample was up to two-fold higher when compared to all honey samples. Isomaltose and gentiobiose with turanose content were different in analyzed production stages of lime honey.

The discovery of compositional variation for the raffinose family of oligosaccharides in pea seeds

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Jones ◽  
M. S. DuPont ◽  
M. J. Ambrose ◽  
J. Frias ◽  
C. L. Hedley
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Legume Seeds

AbstractThe raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFO) is present in relatively high levels in grain legume seeds. They are considered to be antinutritional compounds because they are, at least in part, believed to be responsible for causing flatulence in humans, which is the single most important factor in deterring people from including more legume seeds in their diet. The RFO also have important functions within the plant. They serve as transport metabolites in many legumes and have been proposed to play a positive role in cold acclimatisation and in conferring desiccation tolerance during seed maturation. These responses to environmental stresses are believed to result from the RFO acting as protecting agents for membrane bound-proteins. We have screened 70 pea lines from the test array of the John Innes Pisum germplasm collection, and lines were selected which had unusual RFO composition. The soluble sugars within these lines were quantified using High Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (HPAEC-PAD), and variants were identified which were deficient in verbascose and one with a reduced level of raffinose. These selected lines are being used in a crossing programme designed to study the genetics of the RFO pathway and to produce new material to test the effect of specific RFO on the plant’s responses to the environment and on the diets of humans and animals.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Synthesis and Characterization of Different Families of Chitooligosaccharides and Their Bioactive Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3212
Author(s):  
Noa Miguez ◽  
Peter Kidibule ◽  
Paloma Santos-Moriano ◽  
Antonio O. Ballesteros ◽  
Maria Fernandez-Lobato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Substrate Properties ◽  
Chitin Hydrolysis

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are homo- or hetero-oligomers of D-glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) that can be obtained by chitosan or chitin hydrolysis. Their enzymatic production is preferred over other methodologies (physical, chemical, etc.) due to the mild conditions required, the fewer amounts of waste and its efficiency to control product composition. By properly selecting the enzyme (chitinase, chitosanase or nonspecific enzymes) and the substrate properties (degree of deacetylation, molecular weight, etc.), it is possible to direct the synthesis towards any of the three COS types: fully acetylated (faCOS), partially acetylated (paCOS) and fully deacetylated (fdCOS). In this article, we review the main strategies to steer the COS production towards a specific group. The chemical characterization of COS by advanced techniques, e.g., high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, is critical for structure–function studies. The scaling of processes to synthesize specific COS mixtures is difficult due to the low solubility of chitin/chitosan, the heterogeneity of the reaction mixtures, and high amounts of salts. Enzyme immobilization can help to minimize such hurdles. The main bioactive properties of COS are herein reviewed. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of three COS mixtures was assayed in murine macrophages after stimulation with lipopolysaccharides.

scholarly journals Technological and methodological aspects of the production of low- and lactose-free dairy products

Food systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Ju. V. Nikitina ◽  
E. V. Topnikova ◽  
O. V. Lepilkina ◽  
O. G. Kashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The features of technologies for low- and lactose-free dairy products, which provide for special operations to hydrolyze lactose or remove it using ultra- or nanofiltration followed by hydrolysis of the residual amount, are considered. Dairy products manufactured using these technologies in different countries as well as enterprises leading in this field of production are presented. The analysis of the methods used to determine the quantitative content of residual lactose in low- and lactose-free dairy products is carried out: enzymatic, HPLC, HPAEC-PAD, amperometric biosensors, Raman spectroscopy. Due to the dairy industry’s need for analytical methods for the determination of lactose in milk and dairy products with low- or lactose-free content, the AOAC Stakeholder Group on Strategic Food Analysis Methods approved Standard Performance Requirements for Biosensor Methods (SMPR®) 2018.009. These requirements were introduced for the quantitative determination of lactose in milk as well as in dairy and milk-containing products with a low or no lactose content. The biosensor method is recommended for use as the official first step of AOAC method. Additionally, it is advisable to use high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometric detection, as well as high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) as an international standard method of analysis for the determination of lactose in milk with low- or lactose-free content.

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