scholarly journals Autistic Enterocolitis: Fact or Fiction?

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polymnia Galiatsatos ◽  
Adrian Gologan ◽  
Esther Lamoureux
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Focally Enhanced Gastritis

Autism spectrum disorder refers to syndromes of varying severity, typified by impaired social interactions, communicative delays and restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has been on the rise, while the etiology remains unclear and most likely multifactorial. There have been several reports of a link between autism and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Endoscopy trials have demonstrated a higher prevalence of nonspecific colitis, lymphoid hyperplasia and focally enhanced gastritis compared with controls. Postulated mechanisms include aberrant immune responses to some dietary proteins, abnormal intestinal permeability and unfavourable gut microflora. Two autism spectrum disorder patients with chronic intestinal symptoms and abnormal endoscopic findings are described, followed by a review of this controversial topic.

scholarly journals Maternal Mid-Gestation Cytokine Dysregulation in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Casey ◽  
M. Carter ◽  
A. M. Looney ◽  
V. Livingstone ◽  
G. Moloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Cytokine Dysregulation

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interactions and communication, with stereotypical and repetitive behaviours. Recent evidence suggests that maternal immune dysregulation may predispose offspring to ASD. Independent samples t-tests revealed downregulation of IL-17A concentrations in cases, when compared to controls, at both 15 weeks (p = 0.02), and 20 weeks (p = 0.02), which persisted at 20 weeks following adjustment for confounding variables. This adds to the growing body of evidence that maternal immune regulation may play a role in foetal neurodevelopment.

scholarly journals Educational Competence in the Inclusion of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early and Pre-school Education Institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmeralda Sunko ◽  
Edita Rogulj ◽  
Ana Živković
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
School Education ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

The paper focuses on the analysis of the conditions for inclusion of children with autism spectrum disorders in early and pre-school education by kindergartens teacher. The conditions relate to estimates of theoretical knowledge and attitudes of the educator, assessment of abilities and limitations of children with autism spectrum disorders, self-assessment of the competences of educators for their upbringing and education and assessment of other conditions for the inclusion of children with autism spectrum disorders. The survey results were analyzed by a questionnaire of 68 educators from 6 kindergartens in town of Split. There is a central level of knowledge about inclusion and low self-assessment of educators about their competence in which they are active participants in the inclusion of children with a disorder of the autism spectrum. Attractive factors for the implementation of inclusive education of children with autism spectrum disorder evaluated: inconsistent assurance of nursery assistants, lack of competent educators, and insufficient co-operation with parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. The analysis points to the lack of systematic education of educators for inclusive educational practice. The authors exclude the importance of the knowledge and skills of educators in the area of ​​information communication technology, particularly augmentative and alternative communication.Key words: children with autistic spectrum disorder; information communication technology; competence of the educator; Educational and Teaching Inclusion

scholarly journals Hyperacusis in Autism Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Author(s):  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Stephanie Howery ◽  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Wafaa Kaf ◽  
Adrien A. Eshraghi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

Hyperacusis is highly prevalent in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population. This auditory hypersensitivity can trigger pragmatically atypical reactions that may impact social and academic domains. Objective: The aim of this report is to describe the relationship between decreased sound tolerance disorders and the ASD population. Topics covered: The main topics discussed include (1) assessment and prevalence of hyperacusis in ASD; (2) etiology of hyperacusis in ASD; (3) treatment of hyperacusis in ASD. Conclusions: Knowledge of the assessment and treatment of decreased sound tolerance disorders within the ASD population is growing and changing.

scholarly journals A Review of the Efficacy of the Dietary Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Zainab Taha ◽  
Khalid A. Abdalhai
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Children With Asd

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder with 1 in 68 children prevalence. The key symptoms of ASD include social deficits, verbal and non-verbal communication deficits, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. For unknown reasons, gastrointestinal symptoms are related to ASD. The aim of the current paper is to review the available literature on dietary interventions in children with ASD and provide up-to-date evidence. METHODS: Searches in online databases, using the search terms’ dietary intervention, “autism spectrum disorders,” and “autism” were conducted. The search targeted publications ranging from 2010 to 2020. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies with different study designs which evaluated the effectiveness of specific dietary interventions in children with ASD were included in our review. Several dietary interventions were of popular practice in the management of children with ASD, including elimination (gluten-/casein-free diet and oligoantigenic diet), modification (modified ketogenic diet), supplementation (minerals, vitamins, omega 3, and omega 6), and exclusion (food additives). Studies showed different results with varying degrees of evidence. Overall, data were inadequate to make accurate conclusions. CONCLUSION: There is little evidence to support the use of dietary interventions for children with ASD. Additional high-quality studies and further research are, therefore, needed.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of interpersonal space permeability and flexibility in autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Massaccesi ◽  
Alexander Groessing ◽  
Lisa A. Rosenberger ◽  
Helena Hartmann ◽  
Michela Candini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adults With Asd ◽  
Interpersonal Space

AbstractInterpersonal space can be defined as a safety zone immediately surrounding our body, which allows us to feel comfortable during social interactions. Previous studies indicate that the size of interpersonal space at which the other is perceived as intrusive (permeability) and the ability to adapt interpersonal distance based on contextual factors (flexibility) are altered in children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The present fMRI study aimed at extending the previous findings by investigating the behavioral and neurophysiological underpinnings of interpersonal space permeability and flexibility in adults with ASD.Individuals with ASD and matched controls (CTR) performed a modified version of the stop-distance paradigm for measuring interpersonal space preferences. Participants observed prerecorded videos of two confederates moving towards them and rated their comfort to the observed distance. The assessment of interpersonal space preferences was performed before and after engaging in cooperative and non-cooperative social interactions with the confederates, experimentally induced by means of a repeated trust game.We observed general lower comfort in response to an approaching confederate in the ASD group compared to the CTR group, indicating preference for larger interpersonal space in autism (altered permeability). This preference was accompanied by reduced activity in bilateral dorsal intraparietal sulcus (dIPS) and left fusiform face area (FFA), regions previously shown to be involved in interpersonal space regulation. Furthermore, we observed differences in effective connectivity among dIPS, FFA, and amygdala in ASDs compared to CTRs, depending on the level of experienced comfort. No differences between ASDs and CTRs were observed in the adaptation of interpersonal space following a cooperative and non-cooperative social interaction, suggesting preserved interpersonal space flexibility in the ASD adult population.The present study provides evidence for impaired permeability of interpersonal space in adults with ASD. The findings suggest that a dysregulation of the activity and connectivity of brain areas involved in the processing of interpersonal space may contribute to preference for larger distance and avoidance of physical proximity in ASDs. Future research is needed to examine whether the observed alteration of interpersonal space processing is an effect of or a contributing factor to the social disabilities characterizing autism.

P.1.c.018 Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in young people with autism spectrum disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S205
Author(s):  
E. Serrano-Drozdowskyj ◽  
M. Penzol ◽  
A. Fernandez-Diaz ◽  
A. Alcon ◽  
D. Fraguas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

Effect of a Two-Caregiver-Mediated, Occupation-Centered Intervention for a Family With a Toddler With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512515297p1-7512515297p1
Author(s):  
Abigail M. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Coaching Approach ◽  
Primary Author

Abstract Date Presented 04/13/21 Because of the key role parenting plays in a child's development, parent-mediated interventions that train one parent are a common approach to intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, this approach has resulted in mixed findings and may lead to increased parental stress. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a two-parent occupation-centered intervention using a coaching approach improved the quality of social interactions of a family with a toddler with ASD. Primary Author and Speaker: Abigail M. Carroll Contributing Authors: Emily Anderson, Lindsey Hatton, Mary Ferarro, Elyse C. Kelly, Katherine E. Schlager, Amanda Shea, and Kerianne Watlington

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