scholarly journals Bone Health in a Nonjaundiced Population of Children with Biliary Atresia

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Kramer ◽  
Babette S. Zemel ◽  
Jessica L. Arvay-Nezu ◽  
Virginia A. Stallings ◽  
Mary B. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral Status ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Older Subjects

Objectives. To assess bone health in a cohort of nonjaundiced children with biliary atresia (BA) and the effect of growth and development on bone outcomes.Methods. Children ages one to eighteen years receiving care from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia were recruited. Each child was seen once and assessed for growth, pubertal development, concurrent medications, bilirubin, ALT, albumin, vitamin D status, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (BMC) of the lumbar spine and whole body.Results. BMD declined significantly with age, and upon further analysis with a well-phenotyped control cohort, it was found that BMC was significantly decreased for both lumbar spine and whole body, even after adjustment for confounding variables. An age interaction was identified, with older subjects having a significantly greater impairment in BMC.Conclusions. These preliminary results demonstrate that children with BA, including those without jaundice, are likely to have compromised bone health even when accounting for height and puberty, which are common confounding factors in chronic disease. Further investigation is needed to identify the determinants of poor bone mineral status and to develop strategies to prevent osteoporosis later in life.

scholarly journals The effects of different levels of calcium supplementation on the bone mineral status of postpartum lactating Chinese women: a 12-month randomised, double-blinded, controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Qing Zhang ◽  
Yu-Ming Chen ◽  
Ruo-Qin Wang ◽  
Zhen-Wu Huang ◽  
Xiao-Guang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Bone Mineral Status ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Mineral Changes

AbstractIncreasing dietary Ca intake may prevent the excessive mobilisation of bone mineral in nursing mothers. We aimed to investigate whether higher Ca intake could positively modulate the bone mineral changes in Chinese postpartum lactating women. The study was a 12-month randomised, double-blinded, parallel group trial conducted over 12 months. A total of 150 postpartum women were randomly selected to receive either 40 g of milk powder containing 300 mg of Ca and 5 μg of vitamin D (Low-Ca group) or same milk powder additionally fortified with 300 mg of Ca (Mid-Ca group) or 600 mg of Ca (High-Ca group). Bone mineral density (BMD) for the whole body, the lumbar spine, the total left hip and its sub-regions was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A total of 102 subjects completed the whole trial. The duration of total lactating time was 7·9 (sd 2·8) months on average. The intention-to-treat analysis yielded the following mean percentage changes in BMD for the whole body, the lumbar spine and the total left hip, respectively: −0·93 (sd 1·97), 2·11 (sd 4·90) and −1·60 (sd 2·65) % for the Low-Ca group; −0·56 (sd 1·89), 2·21 (sd 3·77) and −1·43 (sd 2·30) % for the Mid-Ca group; and −0·44 (sd 1·67), 2·32 (sd 4·66) and −0·95 (sd 4·08) % for the High-Ca group. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant (P: 0·5–0·9). The results of the complete case analysis were similar. In sum, we found no significant differences in the bone mineral changes from baseline to 12 months in postpartum lactating women consuming milk powder fortified with different levels of Ca.

scholarly journals Prevalence of low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with celiac disease under treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugênia Farias Almeida Motta ◽  
Maria Eduarda Nóbrega de Faria ◽  
Gisélia Alves Pontes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Low bone mineral density may be a finding among children and adolescents with celiac disease, including those undergoing treatment with a gluten-free diet, but the data are contradictory. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bone mineral density abnormalities in patients on a gluten-free diet, considering age at diagnosis and duration of dietary treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional prevalence study at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of Instituto Materno Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira. METHODS: Thirty-one patients over five years of age with celiac disease and on a gluten-free diet were enrolled. Bone mineral density (in g/cm²) was measured in the lumbar spine and whole body using bone densitometry and categorized using the criteria of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, i.e. low bone mineral density for chronological age < -2.0 Z-scores. Age at diagnosis and duration of dietary treatment were confirmed according to the date of starting the gluten-free diet. RESULTS: Low bone density for chronological age was present in 3/31 patients in the lumbar spine and 1/31 in the whole body (also with lumbar spine abnormality). At diagnosis, three patients with low bone mineral density for the chronological age were more than 7.6 years old. These patients had been on a gluten-free diet for six and seven months and 3.4 years. CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients with celiac disease on long-term treatment are at risk of low bone mineral density. Early diagnosis and long periods of gluten-free diet are directly implicated in bone density normalization.

scholarly journals Inulin supplementation reduces the negative effect of a high-fat diet rich in SFA on bone health of growing pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Sobol ◽  
Stanisława Raj ◽  
Grzegorz Skiba
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Negative Effect

AbstractConsumption of a high-fat diet, rich in SFA, causes deterioration of bone properties. Some studies suggest that feeding inulin to animals may increase mineral absorption and positively affect bone quality; however, these studies have been carried out only on rodents fed a standard diet. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of inulin on bone health of pigs (using it as an animal model for humans) fed a high-fat diet rich in SFA, having an unbalanced ratio of lysine:metabolisable energy. It was hypothesised that inulin reduces the negative effects of such a diet on bone health. At 50 d of age, twenty-one pigs were randomly allotted to three groups: the control (C) group fed a standard diet, and two experimental (T and TI) groups fed a high-fat diet rich in SFA. Moreover, TI pigs consumed an extra inulin supply (7 % of daily feed intake). After 10 weeks, whole-body bone mineral content (P=0·0054) and bone mineral density (P=0·0322) were higher in pigs of groups TI and C compared with those of group T. Femur bone mineral density was highest in pigs in group C, lower in group TI and lowest in group T (P=0·001). Femurs of pigs in groups TI and C had similar, but higher, maximum strength compared with femurs of pigs in group T (P=0·0082). In conclusion, consumption of a high-fat diet rich in SFA adversely affected bone health, but inulin supplementation in such a diet diminishes this negative effect.

scholarly journals Intake of Novel Red Clover Supplementation for 12 Weeks Improves Bone Status in Healthy Menopausal Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cathrine Thorup ◽  
Max Norman Lambert ◽  
Henriette Strøm Kahr ◽  
Mette Bjerre ◽  
Per Bendix Jeppesen
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Menopausal Women

Objective. To investigate the effect by which daily consumption of a novel red clover (RC) extract influences bone health, inflammatory status, and cardiovascular health in healthy menopausal women.Design. A 12-week randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial involving 60 menopausal women receiving a daily dose of 150 mL RC extract containing 37.1 mg isoflavones (33.8 mg as aglycones) or placebo.Methods. Bone parameters were changes in bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), andT-score at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Bone turnover (CTx) and inflammatory markers were measured in plasma and finally blood pressure (BP) was evaluated.Results. RC extract had positive effect on bone health, and only the women receiving the placebo experienced a decline in BMD (p<0.01) at the lumbar spine.T-score at the lumbar spine only decreased in the placebo group (p<0.01). CTx decreased in the RC group with −9.94 (±4.93)%, although not significant.Conclusion. Daily consumption of RC extract over a 12-week period was found to have a beneficial effect on bone health in menopausal women based on BMD andT-score at the lumbar spine and plasma CTx levels. No changes in BP or inflammation markers were found and no side effects were observed.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density reference values in Singaporean adults and comparisons for osteoporosis establishment – The Yishun Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexun Chen ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
Lay Khoon Lau ◽  
Khalid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Abstract Background: While there have been studies in Singapore on the prevalence and economic burden of osteoporotic hip fracture, there is a severe lack of reference data on bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to establish the reference values for BMD and compare prevalence of osteoporotic conditions using other available reference values so as to better understand the status of bone health in Singaporean adults.Methods: We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery Wi) to measure the bone mineral density of Singaporean adults aged ³ 21 years. A total of 542 participants were recruited from the large north-eastern residential town of Yishun. We computed T- scores (denoted by TSG) for each individual in the study. Similar diagnoses were also done based on T-scores provided by the densitometer (TDXA), NHANES database (TNHANES), and China (TCHN), and the differences in prevalence compared. We then compared the concordance between TSG and TDXA in the classification of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis was defined according to criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO).Results: Peak lumbar spine BMD was 1.093±0.168g/cm2 in women, and 1.041±0.098g/cm2 for men. Peak whole-body BMD was 1.193±0.93g/cm2 in women at, and 1.224±0.112g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis based on lumbar spine was 9.3% in postmenopausal women, and 0.7% in men after 50 years of age. The percentage difference in prevalence range from 60.5 - 163.6%, when using reference values from TDXA, TNHANES, and TCHN. Comparing diagnosis using TDXA and TSG cut-off values, 28 versus 15 women were diagnosed as osteoporotic respectively. The kappa statistics was 0.81 for women and 0.85 for men. Conclusion: Our study shows that T-scores provided by DXA manufacturer over-diagnosed osteoporosis in Singaporeans, and the prevalence of osteoporotic conditions is not accurately represented. This over-diagnosis may result in unnecessary treatment in some individuals.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density reference values in Singaporean adults and comparison for osteoporosis establishment – The Yishun Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexun Chen ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
Lay Khoon Lau ◽  
Khalid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Abstract Background While there have been studies in Singapore on the prevalence and economic burden of osteoporotic hip fracture, there is a severe lack of reference data on bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to establish the reference values for BMD and compare prevalence of osteoporotic conditions using other available reference values so as to better understand the status of bone health in Singaporean adults. Methods We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery Wi) to measure the bone mineral density of Singaporean adults aged ≥ 21 years. A total of 542 participants were recruited from the large north-eastern residential town of Yishun. We computed T- scores (denoted by TSG) for each individual in the study. Similar diagnoses were also done based on T-scores provided by the densitometer (TDXA), NHANES database (TNHANES), and China (TCHN), and the differences in prevalence compared. We then compared the concordance between TSG and TDXA in the classification of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis was defined according to criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results Peak lumbar spine BMD was 1.093±0.168g/cm2 in women, and 1.041±0.098g/cm2 for men. Peak whole-body BMD was 1.193±0.93g/cm2 in women at, and 1.224±0.112g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis based on lumbar spine was 9.3% in postmenopausal women, and 0.7% in men after 50 years of age. The percentage difference in prevalence range from 60.5 - 163.6%, when using reference values from TDXA, TNHANES, and TCHN. Comparing diagnosis using TDXA and TSG cut-off values, 28 versus 15 women were diagnosed as osteoporotic respectively.  The kappa statistics was 0.81 for women and 0.85 for men. Conclusion Our study shows that T-scores provided by DXA manufacturer over-diagnosed osteoporosis in Singaporeans, and the prevalence of osteoporotic conditions is not accurately represented. This over-diagnosis may result in unnecessary treatment in some individuals.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density reference values in Singaporean adults and comparisons for osteoporosis establishment – The Yishun Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexun Kenneth Chen ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
Lay Khoon Lau ◽  
Khalid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Abstract Background While there have been studies in Singapore on the prevalence and economic burden of osteoporotic hip fracture, there is a severe lack of reference data on bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to establish the reference values for BMD and compare prevalence of osteoporotic conditions using other available reference values so as to better understand the status of bone health in Singaporean adults. Methods We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery Wi) to measure the bone mineral density of Singaporean adults aged ≥21 years. A total of 542 participants were recruited from the large north-eastern residential town of Yishun. We computed T- scores (denoted by TSG) for each individual in the study. Similar diagnoses were also done based on T-scores provided by the densitometer (TDXA), NHANES database (TNHANES), and China (TCHN), and the differences in prevalence compared. We then compared the concordance between TSG and TDXA in the classification of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis was defined according to criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results Peak lumbar spine BMD was 1.093 ± 0.168 g/cm2 in women, and 1.041 ± 0.098 g/cm2 for men. Peak whole-body BMD was 1.193 ± 0.93 g/cm2 in women at, and 1.224 ± 0.112 g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis based on lumbar spine was 9.3% in postmenopausal women, and 0.7% in men after 50 years of age. The percentage difference in prevalence range from 60.5–163.6%, when using reference values from TDXA, TNHANES, and TCHN. Comparing diagnosis using TDXA and TSG cut-off values, 28 versus 15 women were diagnosed as osteoporotic respectively.  The kappa statistics was 0.81 for women and 0.85 for men. Conclusion: Our study shows that T-scores provided by DXA manufacturer over-diagnosed osteoporosis in Singaporeans, and the prevalence of osteoporotic conditions is not accurately represented. This over-diagnosis may result in unnecessary treatment in some individuals.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationships Among the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet, Bone Mineral Density, and Injury Incidence in Collegiate Athletes (P23-006-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiley Field ◽  
John Gieng ◽  
Giselle Pignotti ◽  
Sofia Apsey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prior Injury

Abstract Objectives The relationship between the inflammatory potential of the diet, estimated by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score, and bone health has been studied in older populations and suggests that the diet can influence bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. These relationships have yet to be explored in other potentially vulnerable populations, such as athletes, where risk of injuries may be more common due to high physical stresses and over-use. The aims of this study were 1) to examine the correlation between DII scores, and BMD in collegiate athletes, and 2) to assess the relationship between DII score and self-reported prior injury incidence. Methods Healthy collegiate athletes (n = 43) were recruited for this study: football, n = 12; men's soccer, n = 2; women's soccer, n = 13; women's swimming, n = 12; and women's basketball, n = 4. For each athlete, three 24-hour dietary intakes were collected using a standardized multiple-pass interview methodology (Nutrition Data System for Research) and this data was used to calculate individual DII scores. Body composition, including whole-body sub-total BMD, was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A modified overuse injury questionnaire (Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre) was used to assess incidence of injuries in the prior 12 months. Results The participants (n = 14 male, n = 29 female) had a mean age of 19.4 ± 1.1 yrs and BMI of 25.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2. Mean DII score was −0.43 ± 0.17 points (range: −3.94 to 4.34). Mean BMD was 1.251 ± 0.169 g/cm2. Overall, DII score and BMD was not correlated (P = 0.47). Furthermore, DII scores of athletes that reported no prior injury did not differ from those who reported 1 or more injuries. Conclusions Unlike research in postmenopausal women, it appears that bone health of young healthy athletes is less vulnerable to the influence of diets with higher inflammatory potential. Moreover, the lack of difference in DII score among athletes reporting various levels of prior injury suggests that the inflammatory potential of the diet is a poor predictor of injury risk in collegiate athletes. Funding Sources N/A.

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