scholarly journals Micro-Optoelectromechanical Tilt Sensor

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Constandinou ◽  
Julius Georgiou
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Sensor Surface ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Hybrid Cmos ◽  
Cmos Mems ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Tilt Sensor

This paper presents a novel hybrid CMOS/MEMS tilt sensor with a5∘resolution over a300∘range. The device uses a MEMS-based semicircular mass suspended from a rigid body, projecting a shadow onto the CMOS-based optical sensor surface. A one-dimensional photodiode array arranged as a uniformly segmented ring is then used to determine the tilt angle by detecting the position of the semicircular mass. The complete sensor occupies an area of under 2.5 mm×2.5 mm.

scholarly journals Thickness dimensions of the contact layer of soil-rigid body interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 04040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyar Khusanov ◽  
Barno Rikhsieva
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Contact Layer ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
The Finite Difference Method ◽  
Dimensional Statement

Solution of the problems of longitudinal interaction of underground pipelines with soil in a one-dimensional statement requires precise measurements of the thickness of the soil layer contacting with the pipeline. In order to determine the dimensions of the contact layer of soil, the behavior of soil medium under shear interaction of a rigid body with soil is studied. Under straining in soil medium, structural changes denoted by the coefficient of structural destruction are taken into account; the condition of complete adhesion is taken in the contact rigid body – soil boundary. The interaction process under consideration is investigated numerically by the finite difference method. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of graphs and are analyzed. From the obtained results, the maximum values of the thickness of soil contact layer are determined as well as the layers with the corresponding degree of structural destruction depending on the geometric dimensions of the rigid body.

The Volume of Motion: Introduction, Derivation, and an Application Comparing Various Spinal Fixation Devices

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Crisco
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spinal Fixation ◽  
Dimensional Parameter ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
Spinal Fixation Devices ◽  
Mathematical Derivation

Range of motion (ROM), the displacement between two limits, is one of the most common parameters used to describe joint kinematics. The ROM is a one-dimensional parameter, although the motion at many normal and pathological joints is three-dimensional. Certainly, the ROM yields vital information, but an overall measure of the three-dimensional mobility at a joint may also be useful. The volume of motion (VOM) is such a measure. The translational VOM is the volume defined by all possible ROMs of a point on a rigid body. The rotational VOM, although its interpretation is not as tangible as the translational VOM, is a measure of the three-dimensional rotational mobility of a rigid body. The magnitude of the VOM is proportional to mobility; the VOM is a scaler, which does not contain any directional information. Experimental determination of the VOM is not practical since it would require applying loads in an infinite number of directions. The mathematical derivation given here allows the VOM to be calculated, with the assumption of conservative elasticity, from the resultant displacements of three distinct load vectors of equal magnitude. An example of the VOM is presented in the comparison of the biomechanical stabilizing potential of various spinal fixation devices.

Analysis of Natural Pollution Deposit on Optic Sensor for Monitoring of Insulator Contamination

2014 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 424-427
Author(s):  
Jin Xu ◽  
Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Sensor Surface ◽  
Optical Technology ◽  
Optic Sensor ◽  
Industrial Sources

This paper describes a system for the online monitoring of insulators contamination, the system monitors equivalent salt deposit density near insulators on the power system by using optical technology. This paper mainly analyzes contamination components on optical sensor surface of different pollution sources coming from 17 sites in Sichuan, the inland areas of China, and draws the conclusion that calcium sulfate of industrial sources is more than ones of agricultural sources.

Flow Similarity Applied in Convection-Based Tilt Sensor

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiliu Peng ◽  
Yonghong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Temperature Drift ◽  
Perpendicular Line ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
Tilt Sensor ◽  
Line Cross ◽  
Flow Similarity ◽  
Tilt Sensors

The environment temperature has inevitable effects on property of the convection-based tilt sensors. It not only redefines the application, but also prevents the improvement of the sensor performance. Numerical simulation of the fluid flow in the chamber of a sensor was performed and the influence of the environment temperature was studied in this paper. At zero tilt angle, the temperature distribution along the perpendicular line cross the heat source at various environment temperatures was presented. It was found that the flow varied dramatically at different environment temperatures, which would cause the output signal vary accordingly, even when the tilt angle was kept at a constant, because this device works by sensing the change of flow. At the same condition, we present the numerical results when the temperature difference across the heat source and the environment was kept at the same, in those results, it was found that the temperature difference at every point along the perpendicular line cross the heat source keep the same, this result confirms the similarity principle of nature convection. Second, A method of eliminating environment temperature infect on property of convection-based tilt sensor, which is based on the theory of flow similarity, is proposed. It was found that a thermal transistance can be piped on the circuit of heat source to compensate the temperature of the heat source. A compensative circuit was specially designed which can keep flow similarity by changing heat source temperature in order to eliminate the influence of environment temperature. The experiment results show that above 70% temperature drift can be eliminated by this compensative circuit.

scholarly journals Research on a novel magnetic tilt sensor designed using Hall elements and ferrofluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-411
Author(s):  
Yavuz Öztürk ◽  
Ismail Yariçi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Restoring Forces ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Tilt Sensor ◽  
Hall Effect Sensors ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract In this study, a simple, adjustable, bidirectional tilt sensor was designed using a pair of linear Hall effect sensors and magnets. Theoretical analysis and experimental results of the sensor system were presented. The working principle of the designed sensor is based on sensing the magnetic field of a mobile magnet which displaces with respect to the tilt angle. Two magnet sets were placed at the two ends of the system to apply repulsive restoring forces on the mobile magnet. The mobile magnet was coated with a light hydrocarbon based ferrofluid as a lubricant to reduce friction. Fixed Hall effect sensors were placed face to face at the two sides of the mobile magnet to monitor the magnetic field of the mobile magnet. It was shown that both experimentally and theoretically, it is possible to measure the approximate tilt angle linearly and quadratically by calculating the sum and difference of the Hall sensor voltages for the relatively small movements of the mobile magnet. Moreover, the system was also examined for the different sets of side magnets. For three different side magnet configurations, approximately 0.7, 1.1 and 1.68 V/rad sensitivity values were observed in the linear range.

Capacitive Tilt Sensor Using Metallic Ball

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hwa Lee ◽  
Seung S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Contact Problem ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Linear Displacement ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Plate Spacing ◽  
Polystyrene Tube ◽  
Tilt Sensor ◽  
Test Result

A new capacitive type of tilt sensor using metallic ball is proposed primarily to get over the contact problem in measurement of tilt angle. Its structure and fabrication process are simpler than other previous sensors. Capacitive sensing type has many advantages such as simplicity, non-contact measurement of angle, long-throw linear displacement, and sub-micron plate spacing comparing to other types. The dimension of this prototype sensor is 20mm × 20mm and the diameter of the polystyrene tube is 5mm and the thickness of the tube is 0.15mm. The test result shows the linear relationship between tilt angles and capacitances.

SCALAR FORM OF DYNAMIC EQUATIONS FOR A TOPOLOGICALLY UNIFORM 3D-CHAIN

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-416
Author(s):  
O. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Inertial Coordinate System ◽  
Scalar Form ◽  
Kinematic Constraints ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
D’Alembert Principle ◽  
Translational Degree ◽  
A Chain ◽  
System Topology

A topologically uniform 3D-chain is defined as a system of one-dimensional links connected by spherical joints. In addition each link has an internal translational degree of freedom along its axis. Such a chain can be viewed as a generic manipulator so that any specific type of the latter can be obtained from this chain by imposing additional kinematic constraints. It is shown that for the introduced chain the dynamic equations can be derived in an explicit scalar form. The derivation is based on the D’Alembert principle, inertial coordinate system and direct utilization of the path matrix describing the system topology. An example of application of the results to a 2-DOF rigid-body manipulator is given.

FEM Analysis of the Pendulum Characteristic of Nature Convection in Dimensional Enclosure

2012 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Quan Gang Yu ◽  
Lin Hua Piao ◽  
Xing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Point Heat Source ◽  
Equation Solving ◽  
Tilt Sensor ◽  
Characteristic 2

In this paper, the pendulum characteristic of nature convection gas in dimensional enclosure is analyzed by FEM. Using ANSYS-FLOTRAN CFD program, the stream field and the temperature field caused by the point heat source, when the two-dimensional enclosure is inclined, has been obtained by a series of procedure, such as model building, meshing, loads applying and equation solving. The results are as follow: (1)Under the buoyancy lift affecting, the direction of nature convection gas always keeps the vertical upward in two-dimensional enclosure, nature convection gas has the pendulum characteristic. (2)When the dimensional enclosure is inclined, temperature distribution at the several points in dimensional enclosure will change with the tilt angle. The pendulum characteristic can be utilized to measure the tilt angle by the gas pendulum tilt sensor.

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