scholarly journals Mathematical Assessment of Canada’s Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Plan

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abba B Gumel ◽  
Miriam Nuño ◽  
Gerardo Chowell
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

OBJECTIVE: The presence of the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 virus in wild bird populations in several regions of the world, together with recurrent cases of H5N1 influenza arising primarily from direct contact with poultry, have highlighted the urgent need for prepared-ness and coordinated global strategies to effectively combat a potential influenza pandemic. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the Canadian pandemic influenza preparedness plan.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of influenza was used to keep track of the population according to risk of infection (low or high) and infection status (susceptible, exposed or infectious). The model was parametrized using available Canadian demographic data. The model was then used to evaluate the key components outlined in the Canadian plan.RESULTS: The results indicated that the number of cases, mortalities and hospitalizations estimated in the Canadian plan may have been underestimated; the use of antivirals, administered therapeutically, prophylactically or both, is the most effective single intervention followed by the use of a vaccine and basic public health measures; and the combined use of pharmaceutical interventions (antivirals and vaccine) can dramatically minimize the burden of the pending influenza pandemic in Canada. Based on increasing concerns of Oseltamivir resistance (wide-scale implementation), coupled with the expected unavailability of a suitable vaccine during the early stages of a pandemic, the present study evaluated the potential impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) which were not emphasized in the current Canadian plan. To this end, the findings suggest that the use of NPIs can drastically reduce the burden of a pandemic in Canada.CONCLUSIONS: A deterministic model was designed and used to assess Canada’s pandemic preparedness plan. The study showed that the estimates of pandemic influenza burden given in the Canada pandemic preparedness plan may be an underestimate, and that Canada needs to adopt NPIs to complement its preparedness plan.

Conceptional considerations for a German influenza pandemic preparedness plan

2002 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fock ◽  
H. Bergmann ◽  
H. Bussmann ◽  
G. Fell ◽  
E.-J. Finke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan

scholarly journals Stockpiling of anti-influenza drugs in private households: a survey in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
U Buchholz ◽  
D Altmann ◽  
D Sagebiel ◽  
W Haas ◽  
S Reiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan

The pandemic preparedness plan for Germany published in January 2005 requires that all influenza patients have access to antiviral drugs in the event of an influenza pandemic.

Pandemic influenza and major disease outbreak preparedness in US emergency departments: A survey of medical directors and department chairs

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Melinda J. Morton, MD, MPH ◽  
Thomas D. Kirsch, MD, MPH ◽  
Richard E. Rothman, MD, PhD ◽  
Marielle M. Byerly, MD ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Department Chairs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Medical Directors ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan

Study objectives: To quantify the readiness of individual academic emergency departments (EDs) in the United States for an outbreak of pandemic influenza.Methods, design, and setting: Cross-sectional assessment of influenza pandemic preparedness level of EDs in the United States via survey of medical directors and department chairs from the 135 academic emergency medicine departments in the United States. Preparedness assessed using a novel score of 15 critical preparedness indicators. Data analysis consisted of summary statistics, χ2, and ANOVA.Participants: ED medical directors and department chairs.Results: One hundred and thirty academic emergency medicine departments contacted; 66 (50.4 percent) responded. Approximately half (56.0 percent) stated their ED had a written plan for pandemic influenza response. Mean preparedness score was 7.2 (SD = 4.0) out of 15 (48.0 percent); only one program (1.5 percent) achieved a perfect score. Respondents from programs with larger EDs (=30 beds) were more likely to have a higher preparedness score (p 0.035), an ED pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.004) and a hospital pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.007). Respondents from programs with larger EDs were more likely to feel that their ED was prepared for a pandemic or other major disease outbreak (p = 0.01). Only one-third (34.0 percent) felt their ED was prepared for a major disease outbreak, and only 27 percent felt their hospital was prepared to respond to a major disease outbreak.Conclusions: Significant deficits in preparedness for pandemic influenza and other disease outbreaks exist in US EDs, relative to HHS guidelines, which appear to be related in part to ED size. Further study should be undertaken to determine the barriers to appropriate pandemic preparedness, as well as to develop and validate preparedness metrics.

scholarly journals Influenza pandemic: preparedness planning in Germany

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Fock ◽  
H Bergmann ◽  
H Bußmann ◽  
G Fell ◽  
E J Finke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan

The following conceptual framework formed the basis for a common decision made by the health ministers of Germany's 16 federal states to set up an influenza pandemic preparedness plan. The worst case scenario was used, on the basis of the data from the pandemic of 'Spanish flu', in 1918-20. The priority groups for vaccination were assessed, as well as the potentially available antiviral treatments. National policies could be highly improved by a common European view.

scholarly journals Avian influenza pandemic preparedness: developing prepandemic and pandemic vaccines against a moving target

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Singh ◽  
Aseem Pandey ◽  
Suresh K. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic Threat

The unprecedented global spread of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses within the past ten years and their extreme lethality to poultry and humans has underscored their potential to cause an influenza pandemic. Combating the threat of an impending H5N1 influenza pandemic will require a combination of pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical intervention strategies. The emergence of the H1N1 pandemic in 2009 emphasised the unpredictable nature of a pandemic influenza. Undoubtedly, vaccines offer the most viable means to combat a pandemic threat. Current egg-based influenza vaccine manufacturing strategies are unlikely to be able to cater to the huge, rapid global demand because of the anticipated scarcity of embryonated eggs in an avian influenza pandemic and other factors associated with the vaccine production process. Therefore, alternative, egg-independent vaccine manufacturing strategies should be evaluated to supplement the traditional egg-derived influenza vaccine manufacturing. Furthermore, evaluation of dose-sparing strategies that offer protection with a reduced antigen dose will be critical for pandemic influenza preparedness. Development of new antiviral therapeutics and other, nonpharmaceutical intervention strategies will further supplement pandemic preparedness. This review highlights the current status of egg-dependent and egg-independent strategies against an avian influenza pandemic.

Pandemic influenza and major disease outbreak preparedness in US emergency departments: A survey of medical directors and department chairs

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda J. Morton, MD, MPH ◽  
Thomas D. Kirsch, MD, MPH ◽  
Richard E. Rothman, MD, PhD ◽  
Marielle M. Byerly, MD ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Department Chairs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
Medical Directors ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan

Study objectives: To quantify the readiness of individual academic emergency departments (EDs) in the United States for an outbreak of pandemic influenza.Methods, design, and setting: Cross-sectional assessment of influenza pandemic preparedness level of EDs in the United States via survey of medical directors and department chairs from the 135 academic emergency medicine departments in the United States. Preparedness assessed using a novel score of 15 critical preparedness indicators. Data analysis consisted of summary statistics, χ2, and ANOVA.Participants: ED medical directors and department chairs.Results: One hundred and thirty academic emergency medicine departments contacted; 66 (50.4 percent) responded. Approximately half (56.0 percent) stated their ED had a written plan for pandemic influenza response. Mean preparedness score was 7.2 (SD = 4.0) out of 15 (48.0 percent); only one program (1.5 percent) achieved a perfect score. Respondents from programs with larger EDs (=30 beds) were more likely to have a higher preparedness score (p 0.035), an ED pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.004) and a hospital pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.007). Respondents from programs with larger EDs were more likely to feel that their ED was prepared for a pandemic or other major disease outbreak (p = 0.01). Only onethird (34.0 percent) felt their ED was prepared for a major disease outbreak, and only 27 percent felt their hospital was prepared to respond to a major disease outbreak.Conclusions: Significant deficits in preparedness for pandemic influenza and other disease outbreaks exist in US EDs, relative to HHS guidelines, which appear to be related in part to ED size. Further study should be undertaken to determine the barriers to appropriate pandemic preparedness, as well as to develop and validate preparedness metrics.

scholarly journals Phase 2 assessment of the safety and immunogenicity of two inactivated pandemic monovalent H1N1 vaccines in adults as a component of the U.S. pandemic preparedness plan in 2009

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (28) ◽  
pp. 4240-4248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur H. Chen ◽  
Patricia L. Winokur ◽  
Kathryn M. Edwards ◽  
Lisa A. Jackson ◽  
Anna Wald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase 2 ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness Plan ◽  
The U.S
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