scholarly journals Chromosomal Genotype in Breast Cancer Progression: Comparison of Primary and Secondary Manifestations

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Katrin Friedrich ◽  
Theresa Weber ◽  
Jens Scheithauer ◽  
Wolfdietrich Meyer ◽  
Gunter Haroske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Local Recurrences ◽  
Node Metastases

The purpose of this study was to compare the chromosomal genotype between breast cancers with and without secondary manifestations and between primary tumors and their secondary manifestations. Eighty six breast cancers, twenty lymph node metastases, ten distant metastases and ten local recurrences were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization. Tumors with local recurrences showed significant more frequent losses at 2q32 than the tumors without recurrences. Lymph node positive cases showed significant more frequent losses at 9p21 than node negative cases. Lymph node metastases exhibited significant more frequent losses at 7q11, 14q24.3–q31 and 17q22–q24 than their primary tumors. In cases with distant metastases, losses at 5q23 were more frequent than in those without, but not reaching the significance level. The distant metastases showed significant more frequent losses at 5p15, 12q24 and 17q22–q24 than the primary tumors. These results reveal strong evidence that the potential for progression is determined in the primary tumor and that different ways of the development of local recurrences, lymph node and distant metastases exist. After confirmation of the results by interphase FISH on tissue micro arrays, the detection of these specific chromosomal imbalances may contribute to a more individual prediction of prognosis in breast cancer.

scholarly journals CDK19 as a Potential HPV-Independent Biomarker for Recurrent Disease in HNSCC

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5508
Author(s):  
Finn-Ole Paulsen ◽  
Christian Idel ◽  
Julika Ribbat-Idel ◽  
Patrick Kuppler ◽  
Luise Klapper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Local Recurrences ◽  
Recurrent Tumors ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Node Metastases

The Mediator complex is a central integrator of transcription and a hub for the regulation of gene expression. Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 19 and its paralog CDK8 are part of its kinase domain and contribute to cancer progression in different cancer entities. STAT1 is an important immune modulator and a downstream substrate of CDK8/CDK19 mediated phosphorylation. So far, little is known about CDK19’s role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression, its link to STAT1 activity, and related immune modulation. Immunohistochemistry for CDK19, activated pSTAT1, and PD-L1, known to be affected by STAT1, was conducted on samples of 130 primary tumors, 71 local recurrences, 32 lymph node metastases, and 25 distant metastases of HNSCC. Compared to primary tumors, CDK19 is overexpressed in local recurrences and distant metastases as well as in primary tumors that developed local recurrence after initial therapy. Patients with high-CDK19-expressing primary tumors have a significantly shorter disease-free survival. CDK19 expression correlates with pSTAT1 expression in primary tumors associated with recurrent disease, local recurrent tumors, lymph node metastases, and distant metastases. pSTAT1 expression correlates with PD-L1 expression in recurrent tumors. Our findings identify CDK19 as a potential biomarker in HNSCC to predict recurrent disease and support recent developments to target CDK19 and its paralog CDK8 in advanced cancer.

scholarly journals COL16A1 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that collagen type XVI alpha 1 chain, COL16A1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. COL16A1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of COL16A1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of COL16A1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals COL6A1 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that collagen type VI alpha 1 chain, COL6A1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. COL6A1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of COL6A1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient post-progression survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of COL6A1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals TSHZ3 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that teashirt zinc finger homeobox 3, TSHZ3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that TSHZ3 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. TSHZ3 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TSHZ3 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient post-progression survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of TSHZ3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals TMEM98 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that transmembrane protein 98, TMEM98, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that TMEM98 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. TMEM98 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TMEM98 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of TMEM98 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals CD69 is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that cluster of differentiation 69, CD69, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that CD69 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. CD69 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CD69 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, more significantly in lymph node negative patients than in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of CD69 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals DIAPH2 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Differentially Expressed Gene ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that diaphanous homolog 2, encoded by DIAPH2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. DIAPH2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DIAPH2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of DIAPH2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals EVC is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that EvC ciliary complex subunit 1, EVC, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. EVC mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of EVC in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of EVC expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals NCR1 (CD335/NKp46) is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1, NCR1, also known as CD335 or NKp46,was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. NCR1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of NCR1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival, more significantly in lymph node negative patients than in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of NCR1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals ZFHX2 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the zinc finger homeobox 2, encoded by ZFHX2, also known as zinc finger protein 409 (ZNF409) was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. ZFHX2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of ZFHX2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of ZFHX2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.

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