scholarly journals The DiatomAnorthoneis dulcisHein from Southern Brazil: Morphology and Ecology

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garcia Marinês ◽  
Talgatti Dávia Marciana
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
South America ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Original Diagnosis ◽  
Structure Morphology

A new geographic locality forAnorthoneis dulcisis reported. The paper describes the distribution and relative abundance ofA. dulcisin Lagoa dos Patos lagoon (a lagoon in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil) from samples collected between 2004 and 2005, and shows that this rare species is present all year round. This study extends the species distribution to South America indicating that the species can thrive on sand grains in lentic estuarine, and freshwater areas. It widens the range of tolerance to environmental parameters. The valve fine structure, morphology, and dimensions are in agreement with the original diagnosis.

scholarly journals On the fossil Remains of Panochthus Burmeister, 1866 (Xenarthra, Cingulata, Glyptodontidae) from the Pleistocene of southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
José D. Ferreira ◽  
Martín Zamorano ◽  
Ana Maria Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Species Level ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Latitudinal Distribution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
New Material

The genus Panochthus represents the last lineage of "Panochthini" recorded in the Pleistocene. This genus has a wide latitudinal distribution in South America, and in Brazil it occurs in the southern and northeastern regions. In this paper we describe new material (isolated osteoderms and caudal tube fragments) assigned to Panochthus from the state of Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) and discuss some taxonomic issues related to Panochthus tuberculatus and Panochthus greslebini based on this material . The occurrence of P. greslebini is the first for outside the Brazilian Intertropical Region. In addition, we describe new diagnostic features to differentiate the osteoderms of P. greslebini and P. tuberculatus. Unfortunately, it was not possible to identify some osteoderms at the species level. Interestingly, they showed four distinct morphotypes characterized by their external morphology, and thus were attributed to Panochthus sp. Lastly, we conclude that in addition to P.tuberculatus registered to southern Brazil, there is another species of the genus, assignable to P. cf. P. greslebini. Our analysis reinforce the reliability of caudal tube characters for the classification of species of Panochthus.

scholarly journals Squamata, Serpentes, Micrurus silviae Di-Bernardo, Borges-Martins and Silva, 2007: presence confirmation in Paraguay

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Cacciali ◽  
Daniel Espínola ◽  
Silvia Centrón Viñales ◽  
Irene Gauto Espínola ◽  
Hugo Cabral
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Natural Grassland

Micrurus silviae is a coralsnake with a triadal pattern, and is one of the eight species found in southern South America. In Paraguay there are six taxa recorded: M. altirostris, M. baliocoryphus, M. frontalis, M. pyrrhocryptus, M. corallinus, and M. lemniscatus carvalhoi. Here we present a record of M. silviae, an additional and seventh species for the country. Previously M. silviae was known only from Rio Grande do Sul state, in southern Brazil. The specimen was found in South American Mesopotamian Grasslands ecoregion, with natural grassland in the Department of Itapúa.

scholarly journals Rediscovery of Sporophila frontalis (Verreaux, 1869) (Aves, Thraupidae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2069
Author(s):  
João Paulo Gava Just ◽  
Ricardo Dossa Colvero ◽  
Jairo José Zocche
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
Made In

The Buffy-fronted Seedeater, Sporophila frontalis (Verreaux, 1869) (Aves, Thraupidae), is a threatened passerine endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern South America. Habitat loss and illegal capture for the pet trade has reduced the geographical distribution of this species. The Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul represents the southernmost limit of this species’ range. There, S. frontalis was last recorded in 1883, and currently this species is thought to be as extirpated in this state. After 133 years, we report photographic and audiotape records of S. frontalis, made in the municipalities of Maquiné and Mampituba, Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Cabassous tatouay (Cingulata, Dasypodidae) in Rio Grande do Sul and its potential distribution in southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan V. de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz L. C. Corrêa ◽  
Felipe B. Peters ◽  
Fábio D. Mazim ◽  
Felipe M. Garcias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Southern South America

ABSTRACT Cabossous tatouay Desmarest, 1804 is considered a rare species in southern South America, and Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, records of the species are scarce and inaccurate. This study reports 40 localities for C. tatouay, and provides a map of the species' potential distribution using ecological niche modeling (ENM). The ENM indicated that in this region C. tatouay is associated with open grasslands, including the areas of "Pampas" and the open fields in the highlands of the Atlantic Forest. This study contributes to the information about the greater naked-tailed armadillo in southern Brazil, and provides data key to its future conservation.

scholarly journals Further notes on the morphology and distribution of Neopaxillus echinospermus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Southern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gonçalves dos Santos Silva-Filho ◽  
Gilberto Coelho ◽  
Vagner Gularte Cortez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
South America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Scanning Electron

Neopaxillus echinospermus is a common but poorly understood agaric species from South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay). In this paper, we discuss conflicting morphological features reported in the literature and expand the distribution of the species to Seasonal Deciduous and Semideciduous Forests from Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná states, respectively, in Southern Brazil. Hyphal structure of the pileipellis, presence of cheilocystidia and caulocystidia, presence of clamp connections and oleiferous (thrombopleurous) hyphae, and the basidiospore morphology under scanning electron microscopy are illustrated and discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Distribution and abundance of the Lesser electric ray Narcine brasiliensis (Olfers, 1831) (Elasmobranchii: Narcinidae) in southern Brazil in relation to environmental factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Maciel de Souza Vianna ◽  
Carolus Maria Vooren
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Water ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Bottom Trawl ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Tropical Water

The distribution and abundance of the lesser electric ray, Narcine brasiliensis, was assessed based on bottom-trawl survey data collected off the coast of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Between 1980 and 1984 and in 2005, 416 bottom trawl hauls were carried out at depths of 10-100 m. Narcine brasiliensis occurred mainly in waters with bottom temperature between 20 and 25ºC. Density of the species was higher between the depths of 10 and 20 m, during the summer and autumn. The seasonal pattern of N. brasiliensis in the shallow coastal water of Rio Grande do Sul reflects a southward migration in summer. This is conditioned by the southward advance of warmer and high-salinity Tropical Water of the Brazil Current In winter, the return or northward migration is a response to seasonal cooling of the coastal waters and to the northward advance of cold Coastal Water of lower salinity. The latitudinal gradient in density of N. brasiliensis was related to the latitudinal gradient in salinity of the bottom waters. This was caused by the freshwater runoff from the Patos Lagoon establishing a physical barrier to the occurrence of the species farther south than the city of Rio Grande.

Description of Two New Species of the Genus Vorticella (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) Epibionts on Pomacea canaliculata (Mollusca: Ampullariidae: Gastropoda) in Southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4508 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
MARCOS W. O. PEREIRA ◽  
FABIANO CARVALHO De BRITO ◽  
EDUARDO EIZIRIK ◽  
LAURA R. P. UTZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

The peritrich ciliates Vorticella veloxiiforme n.sp. and Vorticella ampullaria n.sp. were found as epibionts on the ampullarid mollusk Pomacea canaliculata collected from Patos Lagoon, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The detailed morphology of both species was investigated using live and stained specimens, as well as scanning electron microscopy. Zooids of Vorticella veloxiiforme are cup shaped measuring 57 X 41 μm on average. A J-shaped macronucleus lies in the upper half of the cell. One contractile vacuole was observed in the upper part of the cell. V. ampullaria presents an elongate zooid measuring 70 X 25 µm on average. A C-shaped macronucleus lies in the middle of the cell. Two contractile vacuoles are present: one close to the peristome and the other in the lower half of the cell. The pattern of oral polykinetids was typical of the genus, with all infundibular polykinetids composed by three rows of kinetosomes each. SEM revealed a regular pattern of pores present on the zooid membrane of both species. Analyses of the 18s rDNA placed the two new species in the order Vorticellida close to described species of Vorticella. 

scholarly journals High-resolution phylogenetics and phylogeography of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C epidemic in South America

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1698-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazle Mendonca Collaço Véras ◽  
Rebecca R. Gray ◽  
Luis Fernando de Macedo Brígido ◽  
Rosângela Rodrigues ◽  
Marco Salemi
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
South America ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C (HIV-1C) represents 30–65 % of HIV infections in southern Brazil, and isolated cases of HIV-1C infection have also been reported in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Venezuela. Phylogenetic studies have suggested that the Brazilian subtype C epidemic was initiated by the introduction of closely related strains. Nevertheless, because of sampling limitations, the point of entry and the timing of subtype C introduction into Brazil, as well as the origin of the founder lineage, remain controversial. The present study investigated the origin, spread and phylogeography of HIV-1C in South America. Phylogenetic analysis showed a well-supported monophyletic clade including all available strains from Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. Only one lineage from Venezuela was unrelated to the epidemic involving the other three countries. Molecular clock and likelihood mapping analysis showed that HIV-1C introduction in Brazil dated back to the period 1960–1970, much earlier than previously thought, and was followed by a nearly simultaneous star-like outburst of viral lineages, indicating a subsequent rapid spread. Phylogeographic patterns suggested Paraná or Rio Grande do Sul as the possible entrance points of subtype C and an asymmetrical gene flow from Paraná to Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, as well as from Rio Grande do Sul to Sao Paulo fostered by the strong inter-connectivity between population centres in southern Brazil. The study illustrates how coupling phylogeography inference with geographical information system data is critical to understand the origin and dissemination of viral pathogens and potentially predict their future spread.

scholarly journals Gauchergasilus euripedesi (Copepoda, Ergasilidae) parasitizing different species of fish from two environments in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Moisés Gallas ◽  
Laura R. P. Utz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Estuarine Area ◽  
Scanning Electron

The parasitic copepod Gauchergasilus euripedesi (Montú, 1980) Montú & Boxshall, 2002 was described from plankton samples and specimens found in four fish species from the estuarine area of Patos Lagoon, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Later, one different fish species was reported parasitized with G. euripedesi in the same locality. Species of Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 (Astyanax henseli Melo & Buckup, 2006 and Astyanax lacustris (Lütken, 1875)) and Psalidodon Eigenmann, 1911 (Psalidodon eigenmanniorum (Cope, 1894) and Psalidodon aff. fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819)) were collected in two environments (Pintada Island, municipality of Porto Alegre and Itapeva Lagoon, municipality of Terra de Areia, RS) to investigate their parasites. The copepods found in the gill arches were counted, processed, mounted in permanent slides, and photographed using light microscopy, or processed for observation in scanning electron microscopy. Specimens of P. eigenmanniorum from Pintada Island, A. lacustris and P. aff. fasciatus from Itapeva Lagoon, were parasitized by G. euripedesi, with prevalences of 29.03% (A. lacustris), 10.34% (P. eigenmanniorum), and 9.68% (P. aff. fasciatus). Measurements obtained for specimens of G. euripedesi were similar to those found in the literature, except for egg sacs which were larger in the specimens examined in the present study. In addition to being the first report of G. euripedesi parasitizing species of fish (A. lacustris, P. eigenmanniorum, and P. aff. fasciatus), the results presented here also extend the known geographic distribution of the copepod species.

scholarly journals The fish fauna of the Corrientes stream basin, Patos lagoon system, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Vieira Volcan ◽  
Luis Esteban Krause Lanés ◽  
Ândrio Cardozo Gonçalves ◽  
Alinca Peres da Fonseca ◽  
Maximiano Pinheiro Cirne
Keyword(s):  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
System State ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Lagoon System

The fish sampled in this study were captured in seasonal collections samplings, conducted between May 2006 and February 2007 in 15 stretches of the Corrientes stream basin, Patos lagoon system, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. A total of 8088 specimens were collected, belonging to nine orders, 24 families and 68 species. In general, the ichthyofauna in this basin has the same pattern recognized for Neotropical rivers with predominance of Characiformes and Siluriformes orders and a high representative of the Characidae and Loricariidae families.

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