scholarly journals The potential of Raman microscopy and Raman imaging in plant research

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Notburga Gierlinger ◽  
Manfred Schwanninger
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

To gain a better understanding on structure, chemical composition and properties of plant cells, tissues and organs several microscopic, chemical and physical methods have been applied during the last years. However, a knowledge gap exists about the location, quantity and structural arrangement of molecules in the native sample or what happens on the molecular level when samples are chemically or mechanically treated or how they respond to mechanical stress. These questions need to be answered to optimise utilization of plants in food industry and pharmacy and to understand structure-function relationships of plant cells to learn from natures unique. Advances in combining microscopy with Raman spectroscopy have tackled this problem in a non-invasive way and provide chemical and structural informationin situwithout any staining or complicated sample preparation. In this review the different Raman techniques (e.g. near infrared Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy (NIR-FT), resonance Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) are briefly described before approaches in plant science are summarised. Investigations on structural cell wall components, valuable plant substances, metabolites and inorganic substances are included with emphasis on Raman imaging. The introduction of the NIR-FT-Raman technique led to many applications on green plant material by eliminating the problem of sample fluorescence. For mapping and imaging of whole plant organs (seeds, fruits, leaves) the lateral resolution (~10μm) of the NIR-FT technique is adequate, whereas for investigations on the lower hierarchical level of cells and cell walls the high resolution gained with a visible laser based system is needed. Examples on high resolution Raman imaging are given on wood cells, showing that changes in chemistry and orientation can be followed within and between different cell wall layers having dimensions smaller than 1 μm. In addition imaging the distribution of amorphous silica is shown on horsetail tissue, including an area scan from a cross section as well as a depth profiling within a silica rich knob of the outer stem wall.

SERS Tags Derived from Silver Nanoparticles and Aryl Diazonium Salts for Cell Raman Imaging

Nanoscale ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Li ◽  
Philippe Nizard ◽  
Delphine Onidas ◽  
Aazdine Lamouri ◽  
Jean Pinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Diazonium Salts ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Silver Nps ◽  
Sers Tags

The surface functionalization of silver nanoparticles (NPs) by Raman reporters has stimulated a wide interest in recent years for the design of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) labels. However, silver NPs...

Multiplexed Microfluidic Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1116-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla A. Abu-Hatab ◽  
Joshy F. John ◽  
Jenny M. Oran ◽  
Michael J. Sepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Extinction ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Working Distance

Over the past few decades, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered respect as an analytical technique with significant chemical and biological applications. SERS is important for the life sciences because it can provide trace level detection, a high level of structural information, and enhanced chemical detection. However, creating and successfully implementing a sensitive, reproducible, and robust SERS active substrate continues to be a challenging task. Herein, we report a novel method for SERS that is based upon using multiplexed microfluidics (MMFs) in a polydimethylsiloxane platform to perform parallel, high throughput, and sensitive detection/identification of single or various analytes under easily manipulated conditions. A facile passive pumping method is used to deliver Ag colloids and analytes into the channels where SERS measurements are done under nondestructive flowing conditions. With this approach, SERS signal reproducibility is found to be better than 7%. Utilizing a very high numerical aperture microscope objective with a confocal-based Raman spectrometer, high sensitivity is achieved. Moreover, the long working distance of this objective coupled with an appreciable channel depth obviates normal alignment issues expected with translational multiplexing. Rapid evaluation of the effects of anion activators and the type of colloid employed on SERS performance are used to demonstrate the efficiency and applicability of the MMF approach. SERS spectra of various pesticides were also obtained. Calibration curves of crystal violet (non-resonant enhanced) and Mitoxantrone (resonant enhanced) were generated, and the major SERS bands of these analytes were observable down to concentrations in the low nM and sub-pM ranges, respectively. While conventional random morphology colloids were used in most of these studies, unique cubic nanoparticles of silver were synthesized with different sizes and studied using visible wavelength optical extinction spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and the MMF-SERS approach.

Analytical Potential of Surface-Enhanced Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy on Silver Colloids

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1192-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wentrup-Byrne ◽  
S. Sarinas ◽  
P. M. Fredericks
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Preparative Method ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Silver Colloids ◽  
Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Ft Raman

Although FT-Raman is becoming an increasingly popular analytical tool, it has proved to be relatively insensitive for the analysis of solutions. This is a serious problem, particularly for studies in the biochemical area. Because resonance Raman is not available for near-infrared excitation, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides an important pathway to improved sensitivity. This study is concerned with assessing the potential of SERS with FT-Raman as an analytical tool for aqueous solutions. The SERS effect was investigated for a variety of organic molecules, both nitrogen and non-nitrogen containing, with silver colloids prepared by different literature methods. Various factors were studied: the effect of colloid preparative method, age of the colloid, addition of potassium chloride, time after addition of analyte, and concentration of analyte. In some cases, an analyte gave no SERS effect with a particular colloid, but exhibited a large SERS effect with a colloid prepared by a different method.

Simultaneous extraction and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection for rapid and reliable identification of nicotine release of snus products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Tian ◽  
Xianghu Tang ◽  
Ya-Ning Fu ◽  
Shanzhai Shang ◽  
Gaofeng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Simultaneous Extraction ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Sers Detection ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Unique Chemical

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive analytical detection technique that provides unique chemical and structural information on target molecules. Here, simultaneous extraction and SERS detection of nicotine...

Imaging the cell wall of living single yeast cells using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 394 (7) ◽  
pp. 1803-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athiyanathil Sujith ◽  
Tamitake Itoh ◽  
Hiroko Abe ◽  
Ken-ichi Yoshida ◽  
Manikantan S. Kiran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Living Single

High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy of Biological Specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
M. Müller ◽  
R. Hermann
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Structural Preservation ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Three major factors must be concomitantly assessed in order to extract relevant structural information from the surface of biological material at high resolution (2-3nm).Procedures based on chemical fixation and dehydration in graded solvent series seem inappropriate when aiming for TEM-like resolution. Cells inevitably shrink up to 30-70% of their initial volume during gehydration; important surface components e.g. glycoproteins may be lost. These problems may be circumvented by preparation techniques based on cryofixation. Freezedrying and freeze-substitution followed by critical point drying yields improved structural preservation in TEM. An appropriate preservation of dimensional integrity may be achieved by freeze-drying at - 85° C. The sample shrinks and may partially collapse as it is warmed to room temperature for subsequent SEM study. Observations at low temperatures are therefore a necessary prerequisite for high fidelity SEM. Compromises however have been unavoidable up until now. Aldehyde prefixation is frequently needed prior to freeze drying, rendering the sample resistant to treatment with distilled water.

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