scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Metal Ions onto Acid Activated Low Cost Pandanus Carbon

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sudha ◽  
K. Kalpana ◽  
T. Rajachandrasekar ◽  
S. Arivoli
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Operating Variables

Batch experiments were carried out for the sorption of Copper and Ferrous ions onto acid activated carbon prepared. The operating variables studied were initial metal ion concentration, pH, and temperature and contact time. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. From this adsorption efficiency, adsorption energy, adsorption capacity, intensity of adsorption and dimensionless separation factor were calculated. From the kinetic studies the rate constant values for the adsorption process was calculated. From the effect of temperature thermodynamic parameters like ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° were calculated. The mechanism of adsorption for metal ions onto carbon was investigated by using the experimental results and confirmed by FT- IR, XRD and SEM images.

scholarly journals Effective removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using a new chelating resin poly [2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)-benzalimine]: kinetic and thermodynamic study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Dinesh Kirupha ◽  
Selvaraj Kalaivani ◽  
Thangaraj Vidhyadevi ◽  
Periyaraman Premkumar ◽  
Palanithamy Baskaralingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Experimental Values

A novel poly [2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)-benzalimine] abbreviated as TDPI adsorbent was synthesized using simple polycondensation technique. The synthetic route involves the preparation of 2,5-diamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole from 2,5-dithiourea and subsequent condensation with terephthalaldehyde. The resin was chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic analysis. Surface morphology and thermal stability were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of the pH value of solution, contact time, adsorbent dose, and initial metal ion concentration were investigated by batch equilibrium adsorption experiments. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption of metal ions onto the resin proceeds according to the pseudo-second-order model and the equilibrium data were best interpreted by the Redlich–Peterson isotherm. The experimental values of the adsorption capacities of Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+ on to TDPI could reach up to 437.2, 491.6, 493.7, and 481.9 mg.g−1 respectively. The exothermic nature of the process, the affinity of the adsorbent towards the metal ions and the feasibility of the process are explained in the thermodynamic parameters. The resin stability and re-usability studies suggest that the resin is chemically stable (0.3 N HCl and H2SO4) and could be regenerated without any serious decline in performance.

Removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) From Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Agrowaste-Modified Kaolinite Clay

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Adsorbent Surface ◽  
Initial Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Rates

This study showed that kaolinite clay modified with Moringa oleifera pods is a promising low cost adsorbent for the removal of metals from aqueous solution because the resultant composite has higher adsorption capacities, and hence a better metal ions removal efficiency. The efficiencies of these adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions from aqueous solutions were studied as a function of pH, time, adsorbate concentration and adsorbent dose. Adsorption results showed that pH did significantly affect removal of heavy metal ions between pH 3 and 6. Increasing contact time and initial metal ion concentration increased the sorption capacity of the adsorbent for the metal ions. Adsorbent dosage indicated mainly surface phenomena involving sharing of electrons between the adsorbent surface and the metal ion species. The adsorption of metal ions from aqueous solutions of both metal ions at different initial metal ion concentrations reduced the initial adsorption rates of the adsorption of Pb (II) and Cd (II) by unmodified and modified kaolinite clay.

scholarly journals Effective Biosorption of Nickel(II) from Aqueous Solutions UsingTrichoderma viride

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sujatha ◽  
V. Kalarani ◽  
B. Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models

The primary objective of the present study is to evaluate the optimization conditions such as kinetic and equilibrium isotherm models involved in the removal of Ni(II) from the aqueous solutions byTrichoderma viride. The biosorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM. The optimum biosorption conditions were determined as a function of pH, biomass dosage, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. The maximum Ni(II) biosorption was obtained at pH 4.5. The equilibrium data were better fit by the Langmuir isotherm model than by the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic studies indicate that the biosorption process of the metal ion Ni(II) has followed well the pseudo-second-order model. The sum of the square errors (SSE) and chi-square (χ2) tests were also carried out to find the best fit kinetic model and adsorption isotherm. The maximum biosorption capacity (qm) ofT.viridebiomass was found to be 47.6 mg/g for Ni(II) ion. Therefore, it can be concluded thatT.viridebiomass was effective and low-cost potential adsorbent to remove the toxic metal Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. The recovery process of Ni(II) fromT.viridebiomass was found to be higher than 98% by using 0.25 M HNO3. Besides the application of removal of toxic metal Ni(II) from aqueous solutions, the biosorbentT.viridecan be reused for five consecutive sorption-desorption cycles was determined.

scholarly journals Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies for The Adsorptive Removal of Lead (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Plantain Peel Biochar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
FS Nworie ◽  
EC Oroke ◽  
II Ikelle ◽  
JS Nworu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion Model ◽  
Activated Biochar ◽  
Bet Analysis

AbstractStudies on the adsorption of Pb(II) on plantain peels biochar (PPB) was conducted. The carbonized and activated, biochar was characterized using Braunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and x-ray diffraction crystallography (XRD). BET analysis of the PPB indicated that the pore size (cc/g) and pore surface area (m2/g) was 8.79 and 16.69 respectively. Result of the XRD evaluated through Debye-Scherrer equation, showed a nanostructure with crystallite size of 14.56 nm. Effects of initial metal ion concentration, pH, and contact time were studied in a batch reaction process. Results showed that the adsorption of lead from aqueous solution increased with an increase in pH and initial concentration. Equilibrium modeling studies suggested that the data fitted mainly to the Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption kinetic data tested using various kinetic models fitted the Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model implicating pore diffusion as the main rate limiting step. The sorption studies indicated the potential of plantain peel biochar as an effective, efficient and low cost adsorbent for remediating lead (II) ions contaminated environment.

scholarly journals Insights into the Recent Use of Modified Adsorbents in Removing Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1884-1898
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Batch Tests

Natural water gets contaminated with heavy metal ions because of industrial effluents' discharge into the aquatic environment. As these heavy metal ions cause various health hazards, they should be removed from the aqueous solution. Heavy metal ion concentration in the aqueous solution is very less, so conventional metal removal and recovery processes cannot be applied here. The adsorption method is a great alternative to all these processes as it is a cost-effective and easy method. The use of natural, low-cost materials as adsorbents is eco-friendly also. However, metal uptake capacity of low-cost materials is very less. So, modification is required for low-cost materials to increase their efficiency. In the present review, different modification procedures adopted by different researchers have been discussed. Different low-cost materials used are sawdust, fruit and vegetable wastes, soil, minerals, etc. The modifying agents are heat, acids, bases, and other chemicals. Nevertheless, most of the studies are limited to batch tests only. Future research should be carried out on the extension of batch tests to column study for the large-scale treatment of contaminated water, and the cost of modification procedures and their impact on the environment should also be assessed.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Piperidin-4-one Derivatives Using Green Solvent

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-732
Author(s):  
Harish Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Mahesh Chandra Vishwakarma ◽  
Sushil Kumar Joshi ◽  
Narender Singh Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Biosorption Equilibrium

In present study, Pyras pashia leaves were used as low cost biosorbent to study biosorption of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from contaminated wastewater. In the employed batch methods pH, contact time, metal ion concentration, temperature, biosorbent doses were taken as study parameters. The pH was varied from pH 1-9 to study the influence of pH on biosorption of metal ions by Pyras pashia. The optimum pH for the removal of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) is observed at pH 5. The biosorption equilibrium time was varied between 15-75 min. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms were employed to study the biosorption. The biosorption parameter fits well with Langmuir isotherm. The biosorption of metal ions was increased with increasing biosorbent dose and contact time while increase in pH, metal ion concentration and temperature decrease the biosorption. Thermodynamic data suggest that the bisorption process was spontaneous, feasible and endothermic.

scholarly journals The Elimination by Natural Algerian Clay of Chromium Ions from Salt Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Rachid Chebbi ◽  
Amar Fadel ◽  
Amel Aidi
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Chromium Ions ◽  
Stirring Time

This paper studies the removal of chromium ions from synthetic brackish water by an adsorption method using natural Algerian Bentonite (NAB), the mineral clay was characterized through FTIR, XRD and SEM/EDS analysis. The effect of the main physicochemical parameters; namely: clay dosage, initial metal ion concentration, pH, and contact time on the removal of Cr+3 was investigated. The results showed that equilibrium was attained within 5 minutes of stirring time. The retention capacity of Cr+3 increased with the increase of adsorbent dose and decreased with the increased initial metal ion concentration. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to determine the efficiency of bentonite used as an adsorbent. According to the obtained results, the Langmuir model adjusts very well to the experimental data. Based on the kinetic studies for the raw bentonite, it was verified that the mechanism corresponds to predominant pseudo-second- order adsorption.

Comparative study on batch equilibrium biosorption of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) using plantain (Musa paradisiaca) flower: kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Biosorption Process

The potential of plantain (Musa paradisiaca) flower to remove Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions has been investigated under different process parameters like pH, contact time, biomass dose and initial metal ion concentration. The optimum pH for the biosorption of each of the metal ions is pH 6. The kinetic data obtained were subjected to four kinetic models, among which the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to be the best model that describes the biosorption of each of the metal ions. The equilibrium sorption data were fitted into Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R isotherms. In each case, the Freundlich isotherm model gave the best fit giving the sorption intensity (n) values of 1.17, 0.91 and 0.90 which indicate favourable sorption of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. The heat of the sorption process was estimated from Temkin Isotherm model and the mean free energy was estimated from D-R isotherm model to be 312.81Jmol-1, 223.61Jmol-1 and 316.55Jmol-1 for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Thermodynamically, the biosorption of each of the metal ions is endothermic and the order of spontaneity of the biosorption process being Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II). Similarly, positive change in entropy was observed for each, the order of disorderliness is Cd(II) > Zn(II) = Pb(II).

Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Copper Metal Ion Biosorption by Flavobacterium sp. as a Low-Cost Natural Biosorbent

2011 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chan Zhang ◽  
Xing Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Present study deals with the evaluation of biosorptive removal of copper byFlavobacterium sp.Experiments have been carried out to find the effect of various parameters such as initial pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration. Adsorption equilibrium studies showed that Cu(II) adsorption data followed the Langmuir model, the maximum binding capacity ofwas 55.20 mg/g at pH 6.0. Kinetics of copper biosorption by Flavobacterium sp. biomass is better described by pseudo second order kinetic model. It was also clearly observed that The present study indicated thatFlavobacterium sp.biomass may be used as a cost and effective biosorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from wastewater.

scholarly journals Greener Method for the Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from the Wastewater by Application of Agricultural Waste as an Adsorbent

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Baby Shaikh ◽  
Bullo Saifullah ◽  
Fawad Rehman ◽  
Ruqia Iqbal Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Economic Barriers

The presence of inorganic pollutants such as metal ions (Ni2+, Pb2+, Cr6+) in water, probably by long-term geochemical changes and from the effluents of various industries, causes diseases and disorders (e.g., cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, muscular dystrophy, hepatitis, and multiple sclerosis). Conventional methods for their removal are limited by technical and economic barriers. In biosorption, low-cost and efficient biomaterials are used for this purpose. In this study, Brassica Campestris stems from the agriculture waste and has been used for the removal of Ni2+, Cr6+ and Pb2+ ions from an aqueous solution containing all the ions. Effect of different parameters, e.g., pH, contact time, metal ion initial concentration, adsorbent dose, agitation rate and temperature were analyzed and optimized. The adsorbent worked well for removal of the Pb2+ and Cr6+ as compared to Ni2+. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and FTIR investigation of adsorbent before and after shows a clear difference in the adsorbent capability. The highest adsorption percentage was found at 98%, 91%, and 49% respectively, under the optimized parameters. Furthermore, the Langmuir isotherm was found better in fitting to the experimental data than that of the Freundlich isotherm.

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