scholarly journals Mediastinal Hydatid Cyst Rupturing into the Pleural Cavity Associated with Pneumothorax: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shameem ◽  
Rakesh Bhargava ◽  
Zuber Ahmad ◽  
Nazish Fatima ◽  
Naveed Nazir Shah
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Multiple Round ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Hydatid disease remains a serious health problem in Mediterranean countries. Living in a rural area is an important risk factor for the disease. Hydatid cysts are usually located in the liver, lungs and brain. Mediastinal hydatid disease is very rare and has been noted only anecdotally in the literature. The present article reports a case of a mediastinal hydatid cyst rupturing into the pleural cavity, which was associated with pneumothorax of the same side. The patient’s previous chest x-rays (posteroanterior and left lateral views) showed a well-defined mediastinal mass on the left side, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the thorax (taken a few days after the chest x-ray) showed multiple round-to-oval soft tissue opacities with partial collapse of the left lung. An indirect hemagglutination test for echinococcus was positive. Even after two weeks of intercostal tube drainage, the patient’s condition did not improve. During thoracotomy, multiple daughter cysts were found in the pleural cavity, and the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst was confirmed after histopathological examination.

scholarly journals Recurrence of Primary Pulmonary Hydatidosis in the Left Lung with No Hepatic Involvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 746-748
Author(s):  
Roshani S. Manekk ◽  
Aditya Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Duodenal Wall ◽  
Hepatic Involvement ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Infected Cyst ◽  
Pulmonary Cysts ◽  
Residual Cavity ◽  
Hepatic Lesions

Echinococcus granulosus is the most common cause of hydatid disease of the lung. Hydatid disease is endemic to the Mediterranean countries, Middle East, South America and Australia. After liver, lung is the 2nd most common organ involved in this disease.1 The main route of infection is infestation of the embryo which after passing through the duodenal wall enters into the portal vein or the peri duodenal and perigastric lymphatics. The pulmonary cysts develop through this route, secondary to hepatic lesions. 1 Pulmonary hydatidosis is most commonly seen in men during the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. An intact cyst can be defined as “simple or closed cyst”, and a ruptured and / or infected cyst“ can be defined as “complicated cyst”.2 Recurrence has been defined as new active cysts appearing after therapy, which includes reappearance with continual growth of live cysts at the site of a previously treated cyst or new distant disease appearing as a result of spillage.3 The diagnosis of hydatid cyst diagnosis is often delayed because patients are asymptomatic for years during the period of growth of the parasite.2 Surgical goals in a case of hydatid cyst are: A - total eradication of the parasite; B - the prevention of the cyst 's rupturing on the operative field and its consequent dissemination; and C - the extirpation of the residual cavity.4 In this article, we report a rare case of male patient with multiple daughter cysts in the left lung at pleura-parenchymal junction and mediastinum who presented to us with recurrent pulmonary hydatidosis, which has caused complication of expectoration of multiple daughter cyst of small size.

scholarly journals 3D Imaging in Unilateral Primary Pulmonary Hypoplasia in an Adult: A Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aristida Georgescu ◽  
Crinu Nuta ◽  
Simona Bondari
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Hypoplasia ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Female Smoker ◽  
Multidetector Computer Tomography ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Chest X Ray

Unilateral primary pulmonary hypoplasia is rare in adulthood (UPHA); it is characterized by a decreased number of bronchial segmentation and decreased/absent alveolar air space. Classical chest X-ray may be confusing, and the biological tests are unspecific. We present a case of UPHA in a 60-year-old female, smoker, with 3 term normal deliveries, who presented with late recurrent pneumonias and bronchiectasis-type symptomathology, arterial hypertension, and obesity. Chest X-rays revealed opacity in the left lower pulmonary zone, an apparent hypoaerated upper left lobe and left deviation of the mediastinum. Preoperatory multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) presented a small retrocardiac left lung with 5-6 bronchial segmentation range and cystic appearance. After pneumonectomy the gross specimen showed a small lung with multiple bronchiectasis and small cysts, lined by hyperplasic epithelium, surrounded by stromal fibrosclerosis. We concluded that this UPHA occurred in the 4–7 embryonic weeks, and the 3D MDCT reconstructions offered the best noninvasive diagnosis.

scholarly journals Abnormal shadow on chest radiograph: a supra – or infradiaphragmatic finding?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Biernacka-Racicot ◽  
Maciej Łukaszewski ◽  
Michał Nowański ◽  
Beata Socha ◽  
Piotr Grzelak
Keyword(s):  
Left Lung ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Calcified Lesion ◽  
Left Hemidiaphragm ◽  
Abnormal Shadow ◽  
Therapeutic Choice ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Incidental findings on chest X-ray of oncological patients need further evaluation in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). We report two cases of abnormal shadows, detected on radiograph, in patients with breast cancer: the first one projected under the left hemidiaphragm and the second one obscuring the right hemidiaphragm. Both patients were asymptomatic, subjected to a surgery and to a CT. The first scan revealed a 15 mm diameter nodule in left lung with smooth margins and central calcifications. Whereas, the second exam showed a subcapsular, ring, calcified lesion in the liver. In both cases, CT was essential for staging and therapeutic choice.

scholarly journals Hydatid cyst of the lung in pregnancy: A rare case presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shirinzadeh ◽  
◽  
Amene Hadadan ◽  
Sedighe Vaziribozorg ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Suspected Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Left Hemithorax ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
In Pregnancy

Hydatid cyst of the lung has been seen in 30% of the cases of hydatidosis in some series. In our case presentation, a 29-year old female, gravida 1, referred to the hospital with acute and severe pain in the lower left hemithorax, while she was in the 26th week of pregnancy. The pain was pleuritic and was accompanied with tachypnea. The patient was hospitalized with suspected pulmonary embolism. The chest X-ray and computed tomography showed a cystic mass in the lower left lung. After a diagnosis of hydatid cyst, the patient underwent surgery and all of her symptoms were resolved. As Albendazole is a medication from pregnancy category C, and since in our case, the patient underwent surgery and all of her symptoms were resolved, we can conclude that surgery is a safe and appropriate treatment for Hydatid cyst of the lung in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Ruptured hydatid cyst presenting as pneumothorax

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
pp. 256-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulat H Fatimi ◽  
Nida Sajjad ◽  
Marium Muzaffar ◽  
Hashim M Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Open Thoracotomy ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Recurrent Pneumothorax ◽  
Pulmonary Hydatid Disease

Patients with echinococcus infection are mostly asymptomatic. The documented rates of simple pneumothorax in patients with pulmonary hydatidosis ranged from 2.4% - 6.2%. We report a case of a forty-year-old male patient who was referred to our hospital for management of recurrent pneumothorax. A video assisted thoracoscope (VATS) was first introduced which showed a large amount of pus in the pleural cavity and a perforated hydatid cyst. The VATS was converted to an open thoracotomy and decortication was done with removal of the ruptured hydatid. The patient made an unremarkable recovery and was discharged after one week with empyema tubes. The empyema tubes were gradually removed over a period of six weeks. An extraordinary number of management options for pulmonary hydatid disease have been offered. This case report highlights surgical treatment as the management opti

scholarly journals Giant viable isolated hydatid cyst of lung and liver with successful surgical outcome in rural setup: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Tushar Goel ◽  
Ankit Sharma ◽  
Sankalp Dwivedi ◽  
Sameer Singal
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Bronchopleural Fistula ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Upper Abdomen

Hydatid disease has been known since the time of Hippocrates. Hydatid disease is a worldwide parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus Granulosus characterized by cystic lesions mostly in the liver and lungs with fewer in other parts of the body. Patient details were collected by patient’s IPD file. Complete detailed history, patient vitals, haemogram, ABO, with USG abdomen thorax and CECT chest and upper abdomen was done. Post operatively the outcome was followed by USG R/v and Chest X ray. Treatment diagnosis was giant viable hydatid cyst lung and liver. Right thoracotomy with 5th rib cutting incision was given. Cyst was visualized and managed along with repair of bronchopleural fistula. Hydatid liver was operated later after 3 weeks as elective Surgery. Post-operative period was uneventful with successful outcome. The case was managed successfully by surgical intervention. Surgery remains the choice of complete evacuation of hydatid cyst. Non-complicated hydatid cysts have a good prognosis regardless of their size. Regular follow-up is usually advised to prevent recurrence and spread. 

scholarly journals Intrabiliary and abdominal rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst leading to biliary obstruction, cholangitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis and septicemia: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Aghajanzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ashoobi ◽  
Hossein Hemmati ◽  
Pirooz Samidoust ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Esmaeili Delshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Biliary Obstruction ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Sporadic Case ◽  
Gallbladder Wall ◽  
Liver Cyst ◽  
Biliary Duct ◽  
Wall Thickening

Abstract Background Hydatid cysts are fluid-filled sacs containing immature forms of parastic tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. The most prevalent and serious complication of hydatid disease is intrabiliary rupture, also known as cystobiliary fistulae. In this study, a sporadic case of biliary obstruction, cholangitis, and septicemia is described secondary to hydatid cyst rupture into the common bile duct and intraperitoneal cavity. Case presentation A 21-year-old Iranian man was admitted to the emergency ward with 5 days of serious sickness and a history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain, fatigue, fever, icterus, vomiting, and no appetite. In the physical examination, abdominal tenderness was detected in all four quadrants and in the scleral icterus. Abdominal ultrasound revealed intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary duct dilation. Gallbladder wall thickening was normal but was very dilated, and large unilocular intact hepatic cysts were detected in segment IV and another one segment II which had detached laminated membranes and was a ruptured or complicated liver cyst. Conclusion Intrabiliary perforation of the liver hydatid cyst is an infrequent event but has severe consequences. Therefore, when patients complain of abdominal pain, fever, peritonitis, decreased appetite, and jaundice, a differential diagnosis of hydatid disease needs to be taken into consideration. Early diagnosis of complications and aggressive treatments, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgery, are vital.

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum: Uncommon Cause of Air Leak in Late Preterm Neonate

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Bhushan ◽  
Shagufta Iqbal ◽  
Abhishek Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Intravenous Fluids ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Chest X Ray

A clinical case report of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a late-preterm neonate, chest x-ray showing classical “spinnaker sail sign,” which was managed conservatively and had excellent prognosis on conservative management. Respiratory distress in a preterm neonate is a common clinical finding. Common causes include respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Pneumomediastinum is not very common cause of respiratory distress and more so spontaneous pneumomediastinum. We report here a preterm neonate with spontaneous pneumomediastinum who had excellent clinical recovery with conservative management. A male baby was delivered to G3P1A1 mother at 34 + 6 weeks through caesarean section done due to abruptio placenta. Apgar scores were 8 and 9. Maternal antenatal history was uneventful and there were no risk factors for early onset sepsis. Baby had respiratory distress soon after birth with Silverman score being 2/10. Baby was started on oxygen (O2) by nasal prongs through blender 0.5 l/min, FiO2 25%, and intravenous fluids. Blood gas done was normal. Possibility of transient tachypnea of newborn or mild hyaline membrane disease was kept. Respiratory distress increased at 20 h of life (Silverman score: 5), urgent chest x-ray done revealed “spinnaker sign” suggestive of pneumomediastinum, so baby was shifted to O2 by hood with FiO2 being 70%. Blood gas repeated was normal. Baby was managed conservatively on intravenous fluids and O2 by hood. Baby was gradually weaned off from O2 over next 5 days. As respiratory distress decreased, baby was started on orogastric feed, which baby tolerated well and then was switched to oral feeds. Serial x-rays showed resolution of pneumomediastinum. Baby was discharged on day 7 of life in stable condition on breast feeds and room air.

scholarly journals Accessory pathway analysis using a multimodal deep learning model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Nishimori ◽  
Kunihiko Kiuchi ◽  
Kunihiro Nishimura ◽  
Kengo Kusano ◽  
Akihiro Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Accessory Pathway ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wpw Syndrome ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Ecg Data

AbstractCardiac accessory pathways (APs) in Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome are conventionally diagnosed with decision tree algorithms; however, there are problems with clinical usage. We assessed the efficacy of the artificial intelligence model using electrocardiography (ECG) and chest X-rays to identify the location of APs. We retrospectively used ECG and chest X-rays to analyse 206 patients with WPW syndrome. Each AP location was defined by an electrophysiological study and divided into four classifications. We developed a deep learning model to classify AP locations and compared the accuracy with that of conventional algorithms. Moreover, 1519 chest X-ray samples from other datasets were used for prior learning, and the combined chest X-ray image and ECG data were put into the previous model to evaluate whether the accuracy improved. The convolutional neural network (CNN) model using ECG data was significantly more accurate than the conventional tree algorithm. In the multimodal model, which implemented input from the combined ECG and chest X-ray data, the accuracy was significantly improved. Deep learning with a combination of ECG and chest X-ray data could effectively identify the AP location, which may be a novel deep learning model for a multimodal model.

scholarly journals AB0945 CONTRIBUTION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL AND ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPONTANEOUS PYOGENIC SPONDYLODISCITIS IN ADULTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1771.3-1771
Author(s):  
I. Mahmoud ◽  
M. Moalla ◽  
A. Ben Tekaya ◽  
S. Bouden ◽  
R. Tekaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Skin Sample ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis ◽  
Serious Infection

Background:Pyogenic spondylodiscitis (SPD) is a serious infection of an intervertebral disc and/or adjacent vertebrae, that remains a topical problem in rheumatological practice. Early diagnosis and treatment are the only guarantees of a favorable outcome. Clinicians must strive to isolate the responsible bacteria in order to adapt the treatment, and thus reduce the risk of resistance and complications due to SPD itself, but also to the multiplication of probabilistic treatments.Objectives:Our aim was to study the contribution of the different microbiological and anatomopathological examinations in the diagnosis of pyogenic SPD.Methods:It was a descriptive study in a single rheumatology department. Data were collected retrospectively from observations of patients hospitalized in the past 20 years who have been diagnosed with pyogenic SPD. We excluded cases of tuberculous and brucellar SPD from our study because of their completely different histological and microbiological profiles.Results:Twenty-two cases of pyogenic SPD were collected (14M/ 8F). The mean age of the population was 55.9 years [29,80]. A bacteriological survey including at least one cytobacteriological examination of the urine (CBEU), chest X-rays and blood cultures allowed the identification of the bacteria in 16 cases (73%). The most common site were bacteria was identified was blood culture in 7 cases, skin sample and urine collection in 2 cases each. Disco-vertebral puncture and biopsy (DVPB) was performed in 19 patients when there was no bacteria identification and/or when diagnosis of infectious SPD persisted doubtful. On histopathological examination, were described: an infiltrate and/or inflammatory changes without specificity signs in 7 patients and an appearance of chronic pyogenic SPD very likely in 12 patients. Bacteriological study of DVPB fluid or paravertebral abscesses sample helped to isolate bacteria in 4 patients. DVPB or abscesses puncture were contributing by histological and/or bacteriological examination in 12 patients (63%).Infecting bacteria was identified in 14 patients (64%). Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and staphylococcus aureus were the most frequent germs (7 cases each) including 2 cases of co-infection. GNBs were represented by: Escherichia Coli and Enterobacter Cloacae in 2 cases each, Proteus Mirabilis, Serratia Marcescens and Klebsiella oxytoca in 1 case each. Clostridium clostridioforme and Lactococcus cremoris were isolated in 1 case each. For patients whose etiological investigation remained negative, SPD diagnosis was retained based on imaging (MRI) guided by anamnestic, clinico-biological and histopathological arguments.Conclusion:SPD is a rare condition that needs to be treated rapidly. Once the diagnosis is suspected, bacteria must be isolated before starting any antibiotic therapy. Simple and non-invasive exams as blood cultures, CBUE and chest rays, should be undertaken first. In fact, these simple exams allowed a germ identification in 73% cases in our study. If doubt persist, DVPB could be contributive to the diagnosis.References:NoneDisclosure of Interests:None declared

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