scholarly journals Transfer of Meropenem in the ex Vivo Human Placenta perfusion Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hnat ◽  
Roger E. Bawdon
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Transplacental Passage ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model ◽  
Serum Peak ◽  
Trough Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trough Levels

Objectives.To determine maternal-fetal transplacental passage of meropenem in the ex vivo human perfusion model.Study design.Term placentae (n= 6) were collected immediately after delivery. A single cotyledon was localized, perfused and stabilized with physiologic Eagles minimal essential medium containing 3% bovine albumin and heparin as described by Chalier (Chalier JC. Criteria for evaluating perfusion experiments and presentation results. Contrib Gynecol Obstet 1985; 13:32–39). Meropenem was added to the maternal medium in concentrations similar to maternal serum peak and trough levels, then perfused through the maternal circulation of the cotyledon. To assess transfer and accumulation, fluid aliquots from both the maternal and fetal compartments were collected over an hour at defined intervals in an open and closed system. AntipyrineC14was added to the medium in order to calculate the transport fraction and clearance indexes. Meropenem and antipyrineC14concentrations were determined by High-pressure Liquid Chromatography and liquid scintillation, respectively.Results.Mean antipyrine transport fraction was 2.33 + 0.25. Maternal and fetal mean meropenem peak concentrations were 54.3 + 3.3μg/ml and 2.2 + 0.18μg/ml, respectively. Whereas, maternal and fetal mean trough concentrations were 12.7 + 1.3μg/ml and 0.41 + 0.10μg/ml, respectively. Mean peak clearance index was 0.077 + 0.007 and the mean trough was 0.052 + 0.015. Mean accumulation for the peak and trough concentrations of meropenem were 0.9 and 2.95μg/ml, respectively.Conclusions.Transplacental passage of meropenem was incomplete in the ex vivo human placental perfusion model. Accumulation was also noted in the fetal compartment

scholarly journals Placental Passage of Humulone and Protopine in an Ex Vivo Human Perfusion System

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Spiess ◽  
Vanessa Fabienne Abegg ◽  
Antoine Chauveau ◽  
Andrea Treyer ◽  
Michael Reinehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model ◽  
Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Placental Passage

AbstractThe placental passage of humulone and protopine was investigated with a human ex vivo placental perfusion model. The model was first validated with diazepam and citalopram, 2 compounds known to cross the placental barrier, and antipyrine as a positive control. All compounds were quantified by partially validated U(H)PLC-MS/MS bioanalytical methods. Only a small portion of humulone initially present in the maternal circuit reached the fetal circuit. The humulone concentration in the maternal circuit rapidly decreased, likely due to metabolization in the placenta. Protopine was transferred from the maternal to the fetal circuit, with a steady-state reached after 90 min. None of the study compounds affected placental viability or functionality, as glucose consumption, lactate production, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and leptin release remained constant. Histopathological evaluation of all placental specimens showed unremarkable, age-appropriate parenchymal maturation with no pathologic findings.

Ex Vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model for Analysis of Fetal Circulation in the Chorionic Plate

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoya Gordon ◽  
Lilia Glaubach ◽  
David Elad ◽  
Uri Zaretsky ◽  
Ariel J. Jaffa
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
Perfusion Model ◽  
Chorionic Plate

Use of the placental perfusion model to evaluate transplacental passage of Trypanosoma cruzi

2005 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart H. Shippey ◽  
Christopher M. Zahn ◽  
Margaret M. Cisar ◽  
T. John Wu ◽  
Andrew J. Satin
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Transplacental Passage ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model

Utilization of an ex vivo human placental perfusion model to predict potential fetal exposure to carboplatin during pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 275.e1-275.e9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Smith ◽  
Anjali Gaikwad ◽  
Scott Mosley ◽  
Larry Coffer ◽  
Jeffrey Cegelski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Fetal Exposure ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model

Placental transfer of bromocriptine in an ex vivo human placental perfusion model

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1155-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoling Zheng ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Yuqin Tian ◽  
Hua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model

Maternal Serum FDP and Circulating Fetal Red Cells throughout Pregnancy. A Longitudinal Study

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 727-733
Author(s):  
M. S Hoq ◽  
J Pepper ◽  
R. J Prescott ◽  
J Robertson ◽  
J. D Cash
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
The Mean

SummaryThe presence of fetal red cells in the maternal circulation and the serum FDP content of 73 women was followed serially throughout a normal pregnancy. There was a significant increase in the mean serum FDP levels in late pregnancy, which was due to episodic elevations occurring in approximately 65% of women. These transient elevations appeared to increase in frequency and severity as pregnancy progressed. There was also an increase in the number of occasions fetal red cells were detected in the maternal circulation in the later months of pregnancy, but this phenomenon did not appear to be associated in any way to the serum FDP elevations. It is concluded that the episodic rises in serum FDP occurring in normal pregnancy are not related to episodes of occult disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to placental haemorrhage as was previously hypothesized. Their etiology and clinical significance remain unknown.

scholarly journals Evaluation of traditional initial vancomycin dosing versus utilizing an electronic AUC/MIC dosing program

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 2024
Author(s):  
Kerri A. McGrady ◽  
Makenzie Benton ◽  
Serina Tart ◽  
Riley Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Vancomycin Dose ◽  
Trough Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trough Levels ◽  
Vancomycin Treatment ◽  
Background Area

Background: Area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) has been recommended by the 2020 updated vancomycin guidelines for dosing vancomycin for both efficacy and safety. Previously, AUC/MIC has been cumbersome to calculate so surrogate trough concentrations of 15-20 mg/dL were utilized. However, trough-based dosing is not a sufficient surrogate as AUC/MIC targets of 400-600 can usually be reached without achieving troughs of 15-20 mg/dL. Targeting higher trough levels may also lead to adverse events including acute kidney injury (AKI) and nephrotoxicity. Objective: To compare the mean total first day vancomycin dose in traditional trough-based dosing versus dosing recommended by an AUC/MIC dosing program. Methods: Adult inpatients who received at least 24 hours of IV vancomycin treatment were included in this single-center, retrospective cohort study. The primary endpoint was difference in mean total first day vancomycin dose in milligrams (mg) received between patients’ traditional trough-based dosing and recommended dose via AUC/MIC electronic dosing calculator. Patients served as their own control by analyzing both actual dose received and dose recommended by the electronic AUC/MIC program. Rates of vancomycin induced adverse events, including acute kidney injury, elevated steady-state trough concentrations, and Red Man’s syndrome were also compared between patients who received doses consistent with the AUC/MIC dosing recommendation versus those who did not. Results: 264 patients were included in this study. Initial 24-hour vancomycin exposure was significantly lower with the recommended AUC/MIC dose versus the dose received (2380.7; SD 966.6 mg vs 2649.6; SD 831.8 mg, [95% CI 114.7:423.1] p=0.0007). Conclusions: Utilizing an electronic AUC/MIC vancomycin dosing calculator would result in lower total first day vancomycin doses.

Ex vivo human placental perfusion model for analysis of feto-placental vasculature

Placenta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Elad ◽  
Uri Zaretsky ◽  
Zoya Gordon ◽  
Ariel Jaffa
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model

The effect of aspirin on placental vessels reactivity using the ex-vivo placental perfusion model

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Michal Kovo ◽  
Miriam Rubinchik-Stern ◽  
Hadas Miremberg ◽  
Oded Luria ◽  
Inna Bliecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model

77: Maternal transfer of Interleukin-6 in the ex-vivo placental perfusion model

2007 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. S34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Villano ◽  
Roxanne Holt ◽  
Michael Zaretsky ◽  
Roger Bawdon
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Maternal Transfer ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion Model
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