scholarly journals Effect of a Single Dose Montelukast Sodium on Methacholine Chloride PC20

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth E Davis ◽  
Donald W Cockcroft
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Montelukast Sodium ◽  
Airway Response

BACKGROUND: It is currently recommended that leukotriene modifiers (receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors) be withheld for a minimum of 24 h before direct bronchoprovocation testing, but there is little evidence to support this recommendation.OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of a single oral dose of montelukast sodium 10 mg on airway response to methacholine chloride-induced bronchoconstriction.METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial was performed in 12 subjects with asthma whose methacholine chloride concentration causing a 20% decrease in the forced expiratory volume during the first second of exhalation (PC20) was 8 mg/mL or lower and a baseline forced expiratory volume during the first second of exhalation of 70% predicted or greater. Two-minute tidal breathing methacholine chloride inhalation challenges were performed 1 h and 25 h after both 10 mg montelukast sodium and identical-appearing placebo.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the methacholine chloride PC20between active treatment and placebo at 1 h post-10 mg montelukast sodium (1.0 mg/mL versus 1.3 mg/mL; n=12; P=0.17, respectively) or at 25 h post-10 mg montelukast sodium (1.4 mg/mL versus 1.9 mg/mL; n=11; P=0.15, respectively).CONCLUSION: A single dose of montelukast sodium did not affect methacholine chloride-induced bronchoconstriction measured after 1 h and 25 h.

Effect of Theophylline and Salbutamol on Hepatic Drug Metabolism

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Døssing ◽  
T. Evald ◽  
P. Lange ◽  
H.R. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Antipyrine Clearance ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Reversible Airway Obstruction ◽  
Drug Treatments

Fifteen otherwise healthy asthmatics with reversible airway obstruction were treated with salbutamol (8 mg slow release twice daily) and theophylline (300 mg twice daily). Each drug was administered for 4 weeks in a double-blind randomized crossover trial. Irrespective of which drug was given first, salbutamol increased antipyrine clearance significantly by a factor of 1.10 and 1.15 after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, respectively. Theophylline did not change antipyrine clearance. There was no correlation between the extent of change in antipyrine clearance during either of the drug treatments and alterations in lung function as assessed by changes in peak flow, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in first second.

scholarly journals Single-Dose Pinitol Ingestion Suppresses Post-Prandial Glucose Levels: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1989081
Author(s):  
Yoshio Suzuki ◽  
Keishoku Sakuraba ◽  
Takuya Wada ◽  
Naoya Watabane ◽  
Seijiro Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Limited studies have demonstrated that chronic consumption of pinitol improved glucose tolerance, and single-dose ingestion (0.6 g) 60 minutes prior to meals suppressed postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, higher doses (6 g) were required in healthy people who ingested pinitol with a meal. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was conducted to clarify the effect of 0.6 g of pinitol with a meal on postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy adults. Twenty volunteers aged 18 to 25 years participated in this study. Participants visited the laboratory after an overnight fast. After measuring fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), they consumed test food (0.6 g of pinitol or placebo) and then ate breakfast (577 kcal; protein 14.0 g; fat 5.6 g; and carbohydrate 117.7 g). Blood glucose levels were measured immediately after eating and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast. Participants’ mean FBG level was 102.6 ± 8.2 mg/dL. Participants were categorized by their FBG as normal ( n = 5; ≤99 mg/dL) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ( n = 15; 100-125 mg/dL). The incremental area under the curve of blood glucose over 120 minutes after the meal was significantly suppressed by pinitol in the IGT group ( P < 0.05), but not in the normal group. Therefore, pinitol was considered to maintain postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy people with IGT, and may contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Salmeterol and Airway Response to Allergen

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W Cockcroft ◽  
Veronica A Swystun ◽  
Rajesh Bhagat ◽  
Sanjay Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Airway Responsiveness ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Beta Agonists ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Airway Response

BACKGROUND: Regular treatment with inhaled salbutamol (seven to 14 days) increases airway responsiveness to allergen.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of salmeterol 50 µg twice daily for six days on the early asthmatic response to allergen (PC15).DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, crossover trial comparing salmeterol with placebo (twice daily over six days) with one week or more washout. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and allergen PC15were measured 36 h after each treatment was discontinued.SETTING: Tertiary care out-patient bronchoprovocation laboratory.SUBJECTS: Fourteen atopic asthmatics well controlled with (n=5) or without (n=9) inhaled corticosteroids. Subjects did not use inhaled beta-agonists for at least two weeks before and during the trial.RESULTS: FEV1was slightly but significantly lower 36 h after the last dose of salmeterol versus placebo (3.28±0.83 versus 3.40±0.88 L, P=0.032). Airway responsiveness to allergen increased by about half a doubling concentration (log10PC152.71±0.61 versus 2.85±0.61, P=0.047).CONCLUSION: A six-day treatment course of salmeterol 50 μg twice daily resulted in a slight decline in FEV1and a modest increase in airway response to allergen at 36 h.

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