scholarly journals Review of the Development of Cap Models for Geomaterials

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ground Shock ◽  
Basic Behavior

The history of the development of Cap constitutive models is reviewed. The Cap family of models provides a powerful, yet adaptable way of representing many aspects of the dynamic stress-strain behavior of geological materials. These models have been extensively used for more than three decades to characterize the highly nonlinear behavior of soils, rocks and concrete, and are particularly well suited to the dynamic analysis arising in ground shock and seismic applications. The modern series of Cap Models is based on the adaptation of several earlier models, and was introduced in the early 1970’s as a result of university and corporate R&D technology development sponsored by the United States government. Dr. Eugene Sevin played a role in these activities during his tenure at the Defense Nuclear Agency. In this paper, the basic behavior of the early models is briefly discussed and compared, and the reasons for the introduction of Cap Models are outlined. Many adaptations of the Cap Model have been developed since the first model was introduced, and the salient features of some of these model extensions are also reviewed.

Public Law 78: A Tangle of Domestic and International Relations

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Creagan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Law ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Boundary ◽  
The Impact

The movement of Mexican laborers across the international boundary into the southwestern United States has been occurring since the establishment of a boundary in that area. It is a natural movement of worker toward the source of work. Interests of the governments involved have caused checks to be placed upon this movement of workers. Public Law 78 represented one of the recent attempts of the United States government, through co-operation with the Mexican government, to regulate the movement of migrant workers.In this article I will briefly trace the history of PL 78. The impact of this law upon Mexico and its relevance for United States relations with that country are of importance.

Germ Wars

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Global War On Terror ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changing Practices ◽  
Microscopic World ◽  
Global War ◽  
And Control ◽  
Work Done

The United States government has spent billions of dollars this century to prepare the nation for bioterrorism, despite the extremely rare occurrence of biological attacks in modern American history. Germ Wars argues that bioterrorism has emerged as a prominent fear in the modern age through the production of new forms of microbial nature and changing practices of warfare. Revolutions in biological science have made visible a vast microscopic world in the last century, and in this same era we have watched the rise of a global war on terror. Though these movements appear to emerge separately, this book argues that they are deeply entwined. New scientific knowledge of microbes makes possible new mechanisms of war. The history of the work done to harness and control germs, whether to create weapons or to eliminate disease, is an important site for investigating how biological natures shape modern life. Germ Wars aims to convince students and scholars as well as policymakers and activists that the ways in which bioterrorism has been produced have consequences in how people live in this world of unspecifiable risks.

820 An Unusual Case of Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Kleine-Levin Syndrome with Anti-GAD-65 Autoantibodies

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A320-A320
Author(s):  
Caroline Tse ◽  
Emmanuel Mignot ◽  
Miranda Lim
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gad 65

Abstract Introduction Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare clinical syndrome, and is precipitated by traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 9% of cases. An autoimmune component to KLS has previously been suggested. Autoantibody profiles in KLS are diverse and its overlap with autoimmune encephalitis is still not well described or understood. Here, a case of KLS in a patient with autoimmune diabetes with very high levels of serum autoimmune GAD-65 antibodies is presented. Report of case(s) A 36-year-old male Veteran with a history of alpha-thalassemia minor, prior history of insomnia with nightly sleep of 6 hours, prior history of mild OSA with AHI of 5.8 on PSG in 2018, sustained a mild TBI on 11/13/2019 after a 50-pound box fell on his head. CT head and cervical spine were normal. One week later, he developed recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, sleeping up to 80 hours continuously, waking briefly only to urinate or eat, with hyperphagia, irritability, and derealization present during episodes. One month after the TBI, he was diagnosed with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) after blood glucose was found to be elevated at 566. Serum GAD-65 antibody level was very elevated at 10,594 U/mL (ref range: 0–5 U/mL), hemoglobin a1c was 7.7%, and insulin was started. Six months later, he was evaluated in the VA Sleep Clinic for continued hypersomnia, despite controlled diabetes. Neurological examination, MRI brain, and sleep-deprived EEG were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid testing was normal, with the exception of a CSF autoimmune encephalitis panel with a positive GAD-65 titer of 0.24 nmol/L (range <0.02 nmol/L) – non-diagnostic for autoimmune encephalitis. HLA-DQ1B status is pending. Conclusion Autoimmunity is an emerging topic of clinical significance in KLS. GAD-65 serum antibodies have both endocrine and neurologic significance, with high levels seen in autoimmune diabetes, encephalitis, stiff-person syndrome, and cerebellar ataxia. An autoantibody panel can be considered in patients with KLS, as the presence of autoimmune encephalitis may support the use of immunotherapy. Support (if any) Portland VA Research Foundation to Dr. Lim. The contents do not represent the views of the United States Government.

The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska: The Process of Restoration of a Federally Terminated Tribe

1992 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Grobsmith ◽  
Beth Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
General Welfare ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Native American Tribes ◽  
Government Data

The Northern Ponca, a small Plains farming and hunting tribe were legislatively terminated as a federally recognized tribe in 1962. Less than a decade after their termination, they reorganized in an attempt to reverse this decision, and proceeded with legal action to restore their status as a federally recognized tribe. During the 30-year period during which their federal status was lost, their population dispersed, their economic status, health, and general welfare declined, and their ability to practice their culture diminished. This article documents their efforts to restore their federally recognized tribal status, which would enable them to resume eligibility for services to which other Native American tribes are entitled. Following a review of aboriginal Ponca culture and the history of their relations with the United States government, data on the contemporary Northern Ponca are presented. The complex process of achieving restoration is outlined, from the formation of a non-profit tribal corporation to the development of the Ponca Restoration Act. The authors have served, as consultants to and witnesses for the tribe and assisted in preparation of materials for use by the federal government. The Ponca Restoration Act was signed by President Bush on October 31, 1990.

Better Than Nothing: Participant Experiences in Using a County Health Plan

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Rovin ◽  
Rebecca Stone ◽  
Linda Gordon ◽  
Emilia Boffi ◽  
Linda Hunt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Better Than

The United States health care system has reached a crisis point, with 49.9 million Americans now living without health insurance (DeNavas-Walt, Proctor, and Smith 2011). The United States government has responded to this crisis in a variety of ways, perhaps the most visible being the enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) in March 2010. With a goal of expanding access to health insurance to 32 million Americans by 2019, the ACA marks an important moment in the history of United States health care reform with the potential to drastically change the United States health insurance landscape (Connors and Gostin 2010). The law delineates only general categories of required benefits and leaves it to each state to decide the specific benefits that will be provided by the insurers in their state (Pear 2011).

scholarly journals The Trafficking Victims Protection Act: Has the Legislation Fallen Short of its Goals?

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaryAnne McReynold
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
Trafficking Victims Protection Act ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trafficking Victims

This analysis examines the immigration status that the United States government affords to individuals who are willing to meet the requirements of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, commonly known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA). This article presents the legislative history of the TVPA with an emphasis on the factors that heighten the tension between the interests of trafficking victims and those of the government. Available immigration relief is not truly "relief" unless it is accessible to those who need it, that is, those for whom Congress designated this type of visa status. Likewise, legislation that designates an action as criminal is fruitless unless it provides for effective investigations and enforcement. As crucial as it is to punish and deter traffickers, the special nature of this crime necessitates that the victims, who are central to the role of law enforcement, receive ample protection. In conclusion, the author suggests seven policy recommendations to improve the government's ability to punish and deter human traffickers while protecting the victims of these crimes.

MOVE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kent Evans
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
States Government ◽  
Tear Gas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improvised Explosives

This book is a religious history of MOVE, a small, mostly African American religious group devoted to the religious teachings of John Africa that emerged in Philadelphia in the early 1970s. MOVE is perhaps best known for the MOVE Bombing. In 1985, the Philadelphia Police Department—working in concert with federal and state law enforcement—attacked a home that MOVE people shared in West Philadelphia, involving hundreds of police officers and firefighters and using tear gas, 10,000 rounds of ammunition, and improvised explosives. Most infamously, a police officer dropped a bomb containing C-4 explosives, which he had acquired from the FBI, from a helicopter onto the roof of the MOVE house. The bomb started a fire, which officials allowed to spread in hopes of burning MOVE people out of the house. Police officers fired upon MOVE people who tried to escape the flames. Eleven MOVE people died in the attack, including John Africa. Five of those who died were children. Based on never-before-seen law enforcement records and extensive archival and ethnographic research, MOVE: An American Religion reinterprets the history of MOVE from its origins in the late 1960s, its growth in the early 1970s, its conflicts with the United States government from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, and its presence today. It is the first full-length academic study of MOVE since 1994 and is the first book to consider MOVE as a religion.

OUTSMARTING APARTHEID: An Oral History of United States–South Africa Cultural and Educational Exchange, 1960–1999

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Dan Whitman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
Oral History ◽  
South African ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apartheid Regime

Outsmarting Apartheid is an oral history of educational and cultural exchange programs conducted by the United States Government with citizens of South Africa during the apartheid period.  The “OA” collection, published in one volume by the University Press of the State University of New York in April of 2014, conveys the stories of those who administered the programs, as well as those who benefitted, during three troubled decades of South African history.  The exchanges involved some 2-3000 participants during a dark period of social unrest and institutionalized injustices. Quietly in the background, U.S. diplomats and their South African colleagues bent rules and stretched limits imposed by the apartheid regime. Collectively they played cat-and-mouse games to outsmart the regime through conniving and bravado.  The author’s year as executive director of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (Arlington, Virginia), 2006-07, provided a methodology and archiving structure forming the basis of the interviews, conducted over a two-year period in the United States and South Africa. There was little optimism at the time for South Africa’s political or social future during the 1960-1990 period.  After Nelson Mandela’s release from prison in 1990 and during his presidency of 1995-99, the country discovered rich cadres from within, of intellectuals, artists, journalists, scientists, and political leaders prepared to take on the task of constructing the New South Africa. In no small measure, these exchange programs contributed to the quick and sudden realization of suppressed wishes and aspirations for a majority of South Africa’s citizens -- of all ethnic and racial backgrounds. 

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