scholarly journals Legionnaires' Disease - Results of a Multicenter Canadian Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Marrie ◽  
Emidio de Carolis ◽  
Victor L Yu ◽  
Janet Stout ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: There has never been a cross-Canada surveillance project to determine the rate ofLegionellaspecies as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization and to determine whether there are any regional differences in the rates of Legionnaires' disease in Canada. Anecdotally, Legionnaires' disease is thought to be uncommon in Western Canada.METHODS: From January, 1996 through to October 31, 1997, a prospective study of the etiology of community acquired pneumonia requiring admission to 15 tertiary care hospitals in eight Canadian provinces was conducted. A urine sample from each patient was tested forLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 antigen using a commercially available ELISA assay. A culture of sputum or other respiratory specimens for Legionellaceae was carried out at the discretion of the attending physician. Two hundred thirty-four patients had acute and 6-week convalescent serum samples tested for antibodies toL pneumophilaserogroups 1 through 6 using an ELISA method.RESULTS: 28 of the 850 patients (3.2%) had Legionnaires' disease; 18 of 823 (2.1%) were positive forL pneumophilaserogroup 1 by urinary antigen testing. The rate of Legionnaires' disease, based on urinary antigen, at the Halifax site was higher than that at the other sites (seven of 163 patients versus 11 of 660 [P=0.04]). Of the 28 cases of Legionnaires' disease identified using all methods, 11 of 277 patients (3.9%) were enrolled from Western provinces versus 17 of 573 patients (2.9%) from Eastern provinces (P=nonsignificant).CONCLUSIONS: Legionnaires' disease is just as common in Western as in Eastern Canada.L pneumophilaserogroup 1 may be more common in Halifax than at the other sites studied.

Clinical utility of urinary antigen test and molecular method for detection of Legionella pneumophila.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thana’a R AbdulRahman
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Urinary Antigen Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Legionella pneumophila is gram-negative bacterium which causes Legionnaires’ disease and Pontiac fever.To determine the frequency of serogroup 1 and other serogroup of Legionellapneumophila in pneumonic patients and the clinical utilityofLegionellapneumoniaurinary antigen test (LPUAT)in terms of sensitivity and specificity andcomparethe results with q Real Time PCR using serum samples. A total of 100 pneumonic patients were enrolled in this studyduring a period between October 2016 to April 2017; all patients under therapy with antibiotics.Serum and urine specimens were obtained from all patients; urine samples were processed for urinary antigen test. Serum samples were collected and submitted to DNA extraction for detection of L. pneumophila mip gene by q RT PCRassay. The percentage of L. pneumophila in two hospitals In Baghdad was 30%. Of these 26% was serogroup 1 detected by UAT. In the other hand, 23 % of samples were positive by q RT- PCR based mip gene,of these 19 % were serogroup 1 and 4% were other serogroups. The sensitivity of UAT is high (P value< 0.001), which means statistically highlysignificance than q RT PCR. Legionellapneumophila urinary antigen test is a rapid tool for early diagnosis of Legionella infection which highlights the need of using this test in hospitals and health institutions and there is a high prevalence of L.pneumophila in Iraqthat refer to the necessity of considering this microorganism point of view in future studies for detection and treatment in pneumonic patients.

scholarly journals The impact of diagnosis by legionella urinary antigen test on the epidemiology and outcomes of Legionnaires' disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. FORMICA ◽  
M. YATES ◽  
M. BEERS ◽  
J. CARNIE ◽  
G. HOGG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Urinary Antigen Test ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
The Impact

Legionnaires' disease is an uncommon but important cause of life-threatening community-acquired or nosocomial pneumonia. The urinary antigen enzyme immunoassay test, used in Victoria since 1995, now accounts for the majority of initial laboratory notifications (81% in 1999). We review the impact of the test on the disease epidemiology and the public health investigative process. We focus on the major subgroup of cases due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, comparing delays until notification and mortality for urinary antigen detected cases with culture detected cases. The urinary antigen test facilitates a 5-day reduction for the delay between onset of illness and notification. We observed that there was minimal clinical heterogeneity of urinary antigen detected cases whether they were subsequently culture confirmed or not. We encourage clinician use of the urinary antigen test in cases of community-acquired pneumonia where Legionnaires' disease is a possible diagnosis, in conjunction with culture of clinical specimens.

Detection of Legionella pneumophila DNA in Serum Samples from Patients with Legionnaires' Disease

Legionella ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Bram M. W. Diederen ◽  
Caroline M. A. de Jong ◽  
Faïcal Marmouk ◽  
Jan A. J. W. Kluytmans ◽  
Marcel F. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

scholarly journals Legionella pneumonia presenting with bilateral flank pain, hyponatraemia and acute renal failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Celia Birkin ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Biyani ◽  
Anthony J. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Flank Pain ◽  
High Fever ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Urinary Antigen Testing ◽  
Legionella Species ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Antigen Testing

Legionnaires’ disease (LD) is an often overlooked but a possiblecause of sporadic community acquired pneumonia. High fever,cough and gastrointestinal symptoms are non-specific symptoms.Hyponatremia is more common in LD than pneumonia linkedwith other causes. A definitive diagnosis is usually confirmed byculture, urinary antigen testing for Legionella species. Macolideor quinolone antibiotic is the treatment of choice. We describe acase of Legionella pneumonia presenting with high fever, bilateralflank pain and oliguria. It is important for clinicians to be awareof this diagnosis when managing patients with flank pain. Thecase highlights the problems in differentiating LD from renal colicand the importance of proper history, physical examination withlaboratory tests for appropriate management.

Early Radiographic and Tomographic Manifestations of Legionnaires' Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Poirier ◽  
Jean Rodrigue ◽  
Jasmin Villeneuve ◽  
Yves Lacasse
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Bacterial Origin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Purpose Legionnaires' disease (LD) may occur sporadically or in the course of outbreaks, where the typical radiological manifestations of the disease may better be delineated. We took advantage of a rare community-based epidemic of LD (181 patients) that occurred in 2012 in Quebec City, Canada, to describe the radiographic features of LD and compare the its tomographic presentation with that of community-acquired pneumonia caused by common bacteria other than Legionella pneumophila. Methods From the 181 individuals affected in the outbreak, we obtained the chest radiographs of 159 individuals (mean 63 ± 15 years of age) for detailed analysis; 33 patients had a computed tomography (CT) scan performed during the course of their illness. In a case-control study, we compared the CT scans of patients with LD with those of patients who had received a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by a pathogen other than Legionella and confirmed by chest CT scan. Results Overall, LD most often presented as an airspace consolidation involving 1 of the lower lobes. Pleural effusion and mediastinal adenopathies were apparent only in a minority, whereas no pneumothorax or cavitation was noted. We did not find any significant difference in chest CT scan findings in patients with LD vs those with community-acquired pneumonia from other bacterial origin. No radiological finding was clearly associated with an increased risk of intensive care unit admission or mortality. Conclusions The early radiographic and tomographic manifestations of LD are nonspecific and similar to those found in community-acquired pneumonia from other bacterial origin.

scholarly journals Immune-Mediated Encephalopathy in the Setting of Legionnaires Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Abdel-Rahim M ◽  
Chow J ◽  
Singhal M
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Advanced Heart Failure ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Background: Legionnaires disease is the systemic manifestation of an infection by the gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila. It most commonly presents with pneumonia, but can also cause extrapulmonary manifestations like cardiac, renal, gastrointestinal as well as neurologic symptoms like encephalopathy. It tends to occur in people who are elderly, immunocompromised and those with impaired respiratory (smokers) or cardiac (advanced heart failure) functions. The Legionella Urinary antigen is commonly used to diagnose Legionella infection. Almost half of the patients diagnosed with Legionnaires disease exhibit neurologic signs and symptoms. These neurologic abnormalities are usually not evident on neuroimaging, laboratory findings, and neuropathology.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Binax and Biotest Urinary Antigen Kits for Detection of Legionnaires' Disease Due to Multiple Serogroups and Species of Legionella

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2763-2765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Benson ◽  
Patrick W. Tang ◽  
Barry S. Fields
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

The Binax and the Biotest urinary antigen kits for the detection of Legionnaires' disease caused by organisms other than Legionella pneumophila were compared by testing 45 urine samples from non-Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 patients previously positive in a broad-spectrum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eighteen were positive with the Binax kit, and 13 were positive with the Biotest. Although neither kit is as sensitive as ELISA, these results extend the number of serogroups and species ofLegionella that can be diagnosed with the Binax or Biotest kit.

scholarly journals Unusual clinical picture in an overweight patient with Legionella pneumophila: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Leonidas Grigorakos ◽  
Daria Lazarescu ◽  
Anthi Georgiadou ◽  
Maria Bikou ◽  
Magda Gkouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Overweight Patient ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Urinary Antigen Test ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Continue Therapy

This case report describes a case of a patient with Legionnaires’ disease (LD) manifested three days upon his return from a medical conference, which took place in a hotel close to the seaside. Our patient presented to the hospital febrile, weak, confused and with mild difficulty in breathing. After being subjected to several tests, he was diagnosed with LD. Even though his initial urinary antigen test (UAT) was negative, subsequent immunofluorescent assays (IFA) were positive for Legionella pneumophila (LP). The patient was immediately initiated specific antibiotics therapy and supportive measures. After 11 days he was released from the hospital with considerable melioration of his clinical condition and with specific instructions to continue therapy at home.

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