scholarly journals Time-Dependent Solution of a Full Hydrodynamic Model Including Convective Terms and Viscous Effect

VLSI Design ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyin Xu ◽  
Ting-Wei Tang ◽  
Sergei S. Kucherenko
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Plasma Oscillation ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Viscous Effect ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Time Dependent Solution

Sub-picosecond turn-on transient behavior of ballistic diodes (N+ - N - N+ structures) is studied by solving a system of time-dependent hydrodynamic (HD) equations. Convective terms as well as viscous effect are included in the study. The simulation result indicates that the diode undergoes approximately one quarter of a plasma oscillation before it relaxes to the steady-state value through collisions.

The well-Posedness of a Two-Unit Standby Redundant Electronic Equipment System

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
Xing Qiao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Dan Ma ◽  
Zhuang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Well Posedness ◽  
Reliability Study ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Unique Existence ◽  
Human Failure ◽  
Time Dependent Solution ◽  
Equipment System

In this paper, we deal with a two-unit standby redundant electronic equipment system under human failure. In reliability study, it is ordinary to substitute the steady-state reliability indices for dynamic ones because the time-dependent solution is difficult to get. But this replacement should be based on some conditions in general. Therefore it is important to study the unique existence and the expression of the dynamic solution and it is the same with its stability.

MODELLING INFLATION AS A RANDOM PROCESS

2003 ◽  
Vol 06 (08) ◽  
pp. 821-827
Author(s):  
S. RAWAL ◽  
G. J. RODGERS
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Random Process ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Price Distribution ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Dependent Solution ◽  
Asymptotic Scaling ◽  
Initial Price ◽  
General Time

We introduce a model of inflation in which the prices of commodities are inflated by a random process. At each time step a price x is selected with a rate of xα and is inflated by a factor of 1/β where 0<β<1. For α=0, we obtain a general time-dependent solution, where the initial price distribution can be of any form. When α>0, in the long time limit, only the highest price inflates. For α<0, the model exhibits asymptotic scaling behavior. We also consider the effects of a time dependent β, where 0<β(t)<1, for the case α=0. We find that the price distribution approaches a steady state if β(t)-1~0 faster than 1/t.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional modeling of in-ground cathodic protection systems with deforming anodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Mansouri ◽  
Alreem Essa Binali ◽  
Najeeb Khan ◽  
Mehrooz Zamanzadeh ◽  
Peyman Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Protection Systems

AbstractThe design of sacrificial cathodic protection (CP) systems conventionally involves steady-state assumptions, which means design parameters are considered constant during the in-service life of CP systems. In contrast, it is evident by experimental observations (including field measurements) that cathodic protection is a transient process due to variations in electrolyte properties such as seasonal changes in electrical conductivity of soil, depletion of anodes, and formation of corrosion deposits on anode material surface, to name a few. The lack of practical time-dependent models on this critical issue is apparent in the literature; accordingly, in this study, a pseudo transient electrochemical model is adopted to highlight the transient behavior of cathodic protection systems and investigate key differences with steady-state behavior. For the sake of demonstration, the developed model is used to simulate the time-dependent performance of a sacrificial anode bed for cathodic protection of screw-pile foundations. The methodology proposed in this study can be used by corrosion engineers to improve and optimize the design of CP systems and numerically estimate the performance of sacrificial anodes and the level of protection over time.

scholarly journals A Semigroup Approach to the System with Primary and Secondary Failures

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdukerim Haji
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Positive Solution ◽  
Steady State Solution ◽  
Linear Operators ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Well Posedness ◽  
Semigroup Approach ◽  
Time Dependent Solution

We investigate the solution of a repairable parallel system with primary as well as secondary failures. By using the method of functional analysis, especially, the spectral theory of linear operators and the theory ofC0-semigroups, we prove well-posedness of the system and the existence of positive solution of the system. And then we show that the time-dependent solution strongly converges to steady-state solution, thus we obtain the asymptotic stability of the time-dependent solution.

scholarly journals Discussion on the transient behavior of single server Markovian multiple variant vacation queues

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manickam Vadivukarasi ◽  
Kaliappan Kalidass
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
System Size ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Stochastic Decomposition ◽  
Single Server ◽  
Waiting Time Distribution ◽  
Decomposition Structure ◽  
Important Time ◽  
Time Dependent Solution

In this paper, we consider an M/M/1 queue where beneficiary visits occur singly. Once the beneficiary level in the system becomes zero, the server takes a vacation immediately. If the server finds no beneficiaries in the system, then the server is allowed to take another vacation after the return from the vacation. This process continues until the server has exhaustively taken all the J vacations. The closed form transient solution of the considered model and some important time dependent performance measures are obtained. Further, the steady state system size distribution is obtained from the time-dependent solution. A stochastic decomposition structure of waiting time distribution and expression for the additional waiting time due to the presence of server vacations are studied. Numerical assessments are presented.

scholarly journals On Asymptotic Behavior of the Time-Dependent Solution of a Reliability Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geni Gupur
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Steady State Solution ◽  
State Solution ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Reliability Model ◽  
Repair Rate ◽  
Lipschitz Continuous ◽  
Time Dependent Solution

On the basis of our previous work we study asymptotic behavior of the time-dependent solution of a reliability model of two identical units and a repairman and prove the following result: If the repair rate μ(x) is Lipschitz continuous and there exist two positive constants μ and μ such that 0 < μ ≤μ(x)≤ μ < ∞, then its time-dependent solution exponentially converges to its steady-state solution.

scholarly journals Ground- and excited-state characteristics in photovoltaic polymer N2200

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanzhao Wen ◽  
Xianshao Zou ◽  
Rong Hu ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Zhifeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Excited State ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Dependent Density

Ground- and excited-states properties of N2200 have been studied by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies as well as time-dependent density functional theory calculations.

scholarly journals Determinants of mRNA stability in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae: differences in poly(A) tail length, ribosome loading, and mRNA size cannot account for the heterogeneity of mRNA decay rates.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1957-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Shapiro ◽  
D Herrick ◽  
R E Manrow ◽  
D Blinder ◽  
A Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Mrna Decay ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kinetics Of

As an approach to understanding the structures and mechanisms which determine mRNA decay rates, we have cloned and begun to characterize cDNAs which encode mRNAs representative of the stability extremes in the poly(A)+ RNA population of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae. The cDNA clones were identified in a screening procedure which was based on the occurrence of poly(A) shortening during mRNA aging. mRNA half-lives were determined by hybridization of poly(A)+ RNA, isolated from cells labeled in a 32PO4 pulse-chase, to dots of excess cloned DNA. Individual mRNAs decayed with unique first-order decay rates ranging from 0.9 to 9.6 h, indicating that the complex decay kinetics of total poly(A)+ RNA in D. discoideum amoebae reflect the sum of the decay rates of individual mRNAs. Using specific probes derived from these cDNA clones, we have compared the sizes, extents of ribosome loading, and poly(A) tail lengths of stable, moderately stable, and unstable mRNAs. We found (i) no correlation between mRNA size and decay rate; (ii) no significant difference in the number of ribosomes per unit length of stable versus unstable mRNAs, and (iii) a general inverse relationship between mRNA decay rates and poly(A) tail lengths. Collectively, these observations indicate that mRNA decay in D. discoideum amoebae cannot be explained in terms of random nucleolytic events. The possibility that specific 3'-structural determinants can confer mRNA instability is suggested by a comparison of the labeling and turnover kinetics of different actin mRNAs. A correlation was observed between the steady-state percentage of a given mRNA found in polysomes and its degree of instability; i.e., unstable mRNAs were more efficiently recruited into polysomes than stable mRNAs. Since stable mRNAs are, on average, "older" than unstable mRNAs, this correlation may reflect a translational role for mRNA modifications that change in a time-dependent manner. Our previous studies have demonstrated both a time-dependent shortening and a possible translational role for the 3' poly(A) tracts of mRNA. We suggest, therefore, that the observed differences in the translational efficiency of stable and unstable mRNAs may, in part, be attributable to differences in steady-state poly(A) tail lengths.

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