Treatment of Red Mud From Alumina Production by High–Intensity Magnetic Separation

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fofana ◽  
Stanislav Kmet ◽  
ŠTefan Jakabský ◽  
Slavomír Hredzák ◽  
Gabriel Kunhalmi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Alumina Production

scholarly journals Influence of Sodium Sulfate Addition on Iron Grain Growth during Carbothermic Roasting of Red Mud Samples with Different Basicity

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Pavel Grudinsky ◽  
Dmitry Zinoveev ◽  
Denis Pankratov ◽  
Artem Semenov ◽  
Maria Panova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Iron Phase ◽  
High Alkalinity

Red mud is an iron-containing waste of alumina production with high alkalinity. A promising approach for its recycling is solid-phase carbothermic roasting in the presence of special additives followed by magnetic separation. The crucial factor of the separation of the obtained iron metallic particles from gangue is sufficiently large iron grains. This study focuses on the influence of Na2SO4 addition on iron grain growth during carbothermic roasting of two red mud samples with different (CaO + MgO)/(SiO2 + Al2O3) ratio of 0.46 and 1.21, respectively. Iron phase distribution in the red mud and roasted samples were investigated in detail by Mössbauer spectroscopy method. Based on thermodynamic calculations and results of multifactorial experiments, the optimal conditions for the roasting of the red mud samples with (CaO + MgO)/(SiO2 + Al2O3) ratio of 0.46 and 1.21 were duration of 180 min with the addition of 13.65% Na2SO4 at 1150 °C and 1350 °C followed by magnetic separation that led to 97% and 83.91% of iron recovery, as well as 51.6% and 83.7% of iron grade, respectively. The mechanism of sodium sulfate effect on iron grain growth was proposed. The results pointed out that Na2SO4 addition is unfavorable for the red mud carbothermic roasting compared with other alkaline sulfur-free additives.

scholarly journals Influence of Na2CO3 and K2CO3 Addition on Iron Grain Growth during Carbothermic Reduction of Red Mud

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Zinoveev ◽  
Pavel Grudinsky ◽  
Andrey Zakunov ◽  
Artem Semenov ◽  
Maria Panova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Reduction Roasting ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Bauxite Ore ◽  
Hsc Chemistry ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Red mud is a by-product of alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer method, which contains considerable amounts of valuable components such as iron, aluminum, titanium, and scandium. In this study, an approach was applied to extract iron, i.e., carbothermic reduction roasting of red mud with sodium and potassium carbonates followed by magnetic separation. The thermodynamic analysis of iron and iron-free components’ behavior during carbothermic reduction was carried out by HSC Chemistry 9.98 (Outotec, Pori, Finland) and FactSage 7.1 (Thermfact, Montreal, Canada; GTT-Technologies, Herzogenrath, Germany) software. The effects of the alkaline carbonates’ addition, as well as duration and temperature of roasting on the iron metallization degree, iron grains’ size, and magnetic separation process were investigated experimentally. The best conditions for the reduction roasting were found to be as follows: 22.01% of K2CO3 addition, 1250 °C, and 180 min of duration. As a generalization of the obtained data, the mechanism of alkaline carbonates’ influence on iron grain growth was proposed.

scholarly journals Extraction of Iron from Russian Red Mud by a Carbothermic Reduction and Magnetic Separation Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Dmitry Zinoveev ◽  
Alexander Petelin ◽  
Pavel Grudinsky ◽  
Andrey Zakunov ◽  
Valery Dyubanov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Average Size

Red mud is a hazardous waste of alumina production. Currently, the total accumulated amount of red mud is over 4 billion tons. The promising method of red mud processing is a carbothermic reduction of iron at 1000–1400 °C into metallic form followed by magnetic separation. In this study, the mechanism of carbothermic solid-phase reduction of red mud was investigated. Based on the experimental data, the two-step mechanism of the first rapid stage of the process was proposed, which leads to almost full iron reduction. The estimated value of activation energy has indicated that solid-phase diffusion is a rate-controlling step for this stage. However, an almost full reduction is necessary, but insufficient factor for successful magnetic separation. The second crucial factor of the process is enlargement of iron grain size, which leads to gangue-grain release during grinding and increases efficiency of the magnetic separation. The prediction model of iron grain growth process during the carbothermic reduction process was suggested. The calculation of average size of iron grains formed during the reduction process that was performed according to the assumption of diffusion-controlled process showed their correlation with experimental data. Various methods were proposed to promote the process of iron grain growth during carbothermic reduction of red mud.

Experimental Studies on a Mineral Containing Titanium in Baoding Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 826 ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zhen Liu ◽  
Shu Juan Dai ◽  
Li Mei Bai ◽  
Yu Xin Ma ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Gravity Concentration

The main elements can be recovered for mineral processing in a mineral containing titanium of Baoding area were Ti, Fe and V, and the elements in the main gangue minerals were Si and Al. Gravity concentration, gravity concentration-high intensity magnetic separation and gravity concentration-flotation tests were performed on the ore sample respectively. The results showed that, in the test of shaking table, when the grinding fineness was -0.074mm 93%, the productivity of concentrate can reach 32.24%; when grinding fineness was -0.074mm 93%, after gravity concentration-magnetic separation, 30.25% of concentrate productivity can be attained; when the grinding fineness was -0.074mm 85%, after gravity concentration-flotation, the productivity of concentrate was 3.31%. Maybe it's the condition of the tests wasn't controlled well, especially adjusting pH value in the flotation stage, it's hard to control, so the results were not very good.

Recovering metals from red mud by thermal treatment and magnetic separation

JOM ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Plescia ◽  
Dante Maccari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Red Mud

Recovery of iron from high-iron red mud using suspension magnetization roasting and magnetic separation

2022 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 107394
Author(s):  
Jianwen Yu ◽  
Yanfeng Li ◽  
Yang Lv ◽  
Yuexin Han ◽  
Peng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
High Iron

scholarly journals A Study of the Potential Use of Red Mud to Obtain Compositions Based on Portland Cement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Gerasimova ◽  
Elizaveta Gumirova
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Mineral Additive ◽  
Composition Properties ◽  
Planning Of Experiments ◽  
Potential Use

The paper deals with the problem of utilization of red mud which is a waste product from alumina production using the Bayer method. The principal possible use for the red mud of JSC “Bogoslovsky aluminum plant” (Sverdlovsk region) for the compositions based on Portland cement is shown. It was found that the mud introduction accelerates beginning of the cement paste setting and thickens the paste reducing its mobility. It is concluded that the introduction of red mud up to 30 % is justified in terms of strength indicators. The work is carried out using mathematical planning of experiments. Keywords: red mud, Portland cement, active mineral additive, composition, properties, bauxite, chemical composition, cement stone strength, mathematical planning of experiments

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