scholarly journals Effect of Nicotine on Gallbladder Bile

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anglo-Dutch Nicotine Intestinal Study Group ◽  
Michael Rhodes ◽  
Freek J Zijlastra ◽  
D Michael Bradburn ◽  
Emmanuel D Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Mucin Synthesis

Several studies have shown that symptomatic gallstones are largely a disease of nonsmokers, which raises the possibility that nicotine may protect against the formation of gallstones. To examine the effect of nicotine on the gallbladder, 32 rabbits were allocated to four groups: controls and three treatment groups in which nicotine tartarate at low, medium and high doses was administered subcutaneously via an osmotic minipump. After 14 days’ treatment the gallbladder was removed and measurements made of gallbladder mucin synthesis, bile mucin concentration, bile acid concentration and cholesterol saturation. Serum nicotine concentrations (ng/mL) were (± SE) 0.4±0.1, 3.5±0.4, 8.8±0.8 and 16.2±1.8 in the controls and three treatment groups, respectively. Total bile acid concentration increased significantly in all three treated groups with the greatest increase in the group given low dose nicotine (P<0.001). Cholesterol saturation did not differ significantly in any group but soluble mucin concentration in gallbladder bile was significantly reduced (P=0.013, 95% CI: 16 to 111) with high dose nicotine. Gallbladder mucin synthesis, measured by3H-glucosamine incorporation, did not change significantly with nicotine treatment. Subcutaneous nicotine 2.0 mg/kg/day for 14 days significantly reduced the concentration of biliary mucin, which could potentially reduce cholesterol nucleation and subsequent gallstone formation. This may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the relative reduction in gallstone disease among smokers.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biliary Bile Acid Concentration and Composition on the Calcium Level in Human Gallbladder Bile.

1993 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAOKI TAMASAWA ◽  
MASASHI YONEDA ◽  
ISAO MAKINO ◽  
KAZUO TAKEBE ◽  
KEN SONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Gallbladder Bile ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Biliary Bile Acid

Increased bile acid concentration in liver tissue with cholesterol gallstone disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Honda ◽  
Tadashi Yoshida ◽  
Naomi Tanaka ◽  
Yasushi Matsuzaki ◽  
Bingfang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstone ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

scholarly journals Faecal bile acid concentration of patients with carcinoma or increased risk of carcinoma in the large bowel.

Gut ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Mudd ◽  
S T McKelvey ◽  
W Norwood ◽  
D T Elmore ◽  
A D Roy
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Increased Risk

Bile Acid Concentration Reference Ranges in a Pregnant Latina Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
Joseph Ouzounian ◽  
Thomas Goodwin ◽  
Marc Incerpi ◽  
David Miller ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory outcome after surgical treatment of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using ameroid constrictor in 25 dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Andrea Nečasová ◽  
Jana Lorenzová ◽  
Ladislav Stehlík ◽  
Pavel Proks ◽  
Zita Filipejová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Stimulation Test ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration ◽  
Congenital Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory outcome after the surgical treatment of a single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using an ameroid constrictor. Patient medical records were reviewed in retrospect. Data on the signalment, clinical signs, preoperative bile acid stimulation test and ammonia concentration were recorded. The surgical treatment success rate was evaluated by mortality in the perioperative and short-term postoperative period and by the long-term clinical outcome. Bile acid stimulation test and ammonia concentration were also analysed 2–3 days, 4–6 weeks, and 6–8 weeks postoperatively. No patient died in the selected periods. The long-term clinical outcome was excellent in 15 out of 20 patients, good in 3 out of 20 patients and poor in 2 out of 20 patients. Preprandial bile acid concentration was elevated in 96.00%, postprandial bile acid concentration in 100.00% and ammonia concentration in 80.95% of patients preoperatively. A significant decrease was found in postprandial bile acid and ammonia 2–3 days postoperatively and in preprandial bile acid 4–6 weeks postoperatively. A significant decrease in liver function parameters in days post operation indicates a rapid restoration of hepatic function. The surgical treatment of a single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt using an ameroid constrictor is a successful method of treatment for this type of portosystemic shunt, with as much as 75.00% of the patients having an excellent long-term clinical outcome.

Determination of Bile Acid Concentration in Human Amniotic Fluid for Prenatal Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Guy Délèze ◽  
Dimitri Sidiropoulos ◽  
Gustav Paumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
Papilla Of Vater ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration

Bile acid concentration was measured in amniotic fluid obtained for standard indications from 11 healthy pregnant women without polyhydramnios (28 to 42 weeks of gestation) and from 9 patients with polyhydramnios (28 to 38 weeks of gestation). Two of the latter women delivered infants with intestinal obstruction distal to the papilla of Vater, a condition that causes regurgitation of bile into the amniotic fluid. In the women without polyhydramnios, the total bile acid concentration ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 µmol/liter. In the seven patients with polyhydramnios not associated with fetal intestinal obstruction, the bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid was not significantly different (0.9 to 1.9 µmol/liter). By contrast, the bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid specimens from the two patients with polyhydramnios who gave birth to children with intestinal obstruction was considerably elevated (30.3 and 83.1 µmol/liter). These findings suggest that determination of bile acid concentration in amniotic fluid permits prenatal diagnosis of intestinal obstruction distal to the papilla of Vater.

scholarly journals Biliary Microbiota and Bile Acid Composition in Cholelithiasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav A. Petrov ◽  
María A. Fernández-Peralbo ◽  
Rico Derks ◽  
Elena M. Knyazeva ◽  
Nikolay V. Merzlikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Taurocholic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Opisthorchis Felineus ◽  
Taxonomic Profile

Background. A functional interplay between BAs and microbial composition in gut is a well-documented phenomenon. In bile, this phenomenon is far less studied, and with this report, we describe the interactions between the BAs and microbiota in this complex biological matrix. Methodology. Thirty-seven gallstone disease patients of which twenty-one with Opisthorchis felineus infection were enrolled in the study. The bile samples were obtained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease operative treatment. Common bile acid composition was measured by LC-MS/MS. Gallbladder microbiota were previously analyzed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing on Illumina MiSeq platform. The associations between bile acid composition and microbiota were analyzed. Results. Bile acid signature and Opisthorchis felineus infection status exert influence on beta-diversity of bile microbial community. Direct correlations were found between taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid concentrations, and alpha-diversity of bile microbiota. Taurocholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid both show positive associations with the presence of Chitinophagaceae family, Microbacterium and Lutibacterium genera, and Prevotella intermedia. Also, direct associations were identified for taurocholic acid concentration and the presence of Actinomycetales and Bacteroidales orders, Lautropia genus, Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae as well as for taurochenodeoxycholic acid and Acetobacteraceae family and Sphingomonas genus. There were no differences in bile acid concentrations between O. felineus-infected and noninfected patients. Conclusions/Significance. Associations between diversity, taxonomic profile of bile microbiota, and bile acid levels were evidenced in patients with cholelithiasis. Increase of taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid concentration correlates with bile microbiota alpha-diversity and appearance of opportunistic pathogens.

Fecal Bile Acid Concentration in Distance Runners

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 533-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sutherland ◽  
E. Nye ◽  
D. Macfarlane ◽  
M. Robertson ◽  
S. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Fecal Bile Acid ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Bile Acid Concentration
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