scholarly journals Host Race Formation and Sympatric Speciation in Rhagoletis Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy L. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Speciation ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Host Race ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Race Formation

scholarly journals Standing geographic variation in eclosion time and the genomics of host race formation in Rhagoletis pomonella fruit flies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith M. Doellman ◽  
Scott P. Egan ◽  
Gregory J. Ragland ◽  
Peter J. Meyers ◽  
Glen R. Hood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽  
Host Race ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Race Formation

scholarly journals Gall Flies, Inquilines, and Goldenrods: A Model for Host-race Formation and Sympatric Speciation

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren G. Abrahamson ◽  
Micky D. Eubanks ◽  
Catherine P. Blair ◽  
Amy V. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Speciation ◽  
Host Race ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Race Formation

Evidence for Inversion Polymorphism Related to Sympatric Host Race Formation in the Apple Maggot Fly, Rhagoletis pomonella

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L Feder ◽  
Joseph B Roethele ◽  
Kenneth Filchak ◽  
Julie Niedbalski ◽  
Jeanne Romero-Severson
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Speciation ◽  
Inversion Polymorphism ◽  
Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Host Race ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Allozyme Loci ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Race Formation

Abstract Evidence suggests that the apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) is undergoing sympatric speciation (i.e., divergence without geographic isolation) in the process of shifting and adapting to a new host plant. Prior to the introduction of cultivated apples (Malus pumila) in North America, R. pomonella infested the fruit of native hawthorns (Crataegus spp.). However, sometime in the mid-1800s the fly formed a sympatric race on apple. The recently derived apple-infesting race shows consistent allele frequency differences from the hawthorn host race for six allozyme loci mapping to three different chromosomes. Alleles at all six of these allozymes correlate with the timing of adult eclosion, an event dependent on the duration of the overwintering pupal diapause. This timing difference differentially adapts the univoltine fly races to an ∼3- to 4-week difference in the peak fruiting times of apple and hawthorn trees, partially reproductively isolating the host races. Here, we report finding substantial gametic disequilibrium among allozyme and complementary DNA (cDNA) markers encompassing the three chromosomal regions differentiating apple and hawthorn flies. The regions of disequilibrium extend well beyond the previously characterized six allozyme loci, covering substantial portions of chromosomes 1, 2, and 3 (haploid n = 6 in R. pomonella). Moreover, significant recombination heterogeneity and variation in gene order were observed among single-pair crosses for each of the three genomic regions, implying the existence of inversion polymorphism. We therefore have evidence that genes affecting diapause traits involved in host race formation reside within large complexes of rearranged genes. We explore whether these genomic regions (inversions) constitute coadapted gene complexes and discuss the implications of our findings for sympatric speciation in Rhagoletis.

scholarly journals The Eggplant Beetle on a Leguminous Weed: Host Race Formation in Progress?

Tropics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayoshi NISHIDA ◽  
Liliek E. PUDJIASTUT ◽  
Susumu NAKANO ◽  
Idrus ABBAS ◽  
Sih KAHONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Race ◽  
Weed Host ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Race Formation

scholarly journals Importance of the Life Cycle in Sympatric Host Race Formation and Speciation of Pathogens

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Giraud ◽  
Lorys M. M. A. Villaréal ◽  
Frédéric Austerlitz ◽  
Mickaël Le Gac ◽  
Claire Lavigne
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Biological Species Concept ◽  
Host Race ◽  
Host Races ◽  
Host Race Formation ◽  
Race Formation

Numerous morphological species of pathogenic fungi have been shown to actually encompass several genetically isolated lineages, often specialized on different hosts and, thus, constituting host races or sibling species. In this article, we explore theoretically the importance of some aspects of the life cycle on the conditions of sympatric divergence of host races, particularly in fungal plant pathogens. Because the life cycles classically modeled by theoreticians of sympatric speciation correspond to those of free-living animals, sympatric divergence of host races requires the evolution of active assortative mating or of active host preference if mating takes place on the hosts. With some particular life cycles with restricted dispersal between selection on the host and mating, we show that divergence can occur in sympatry and lead to host race formation, or even speciation, by a mere process of specialization, with strong divergent adaptive selection. Neither active assortative mating nor active habitat choice is required in these cases, and this may explain why the phylo-genetic species concept seems more appropriate than the biological species concept in these organisms.

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