scholarly journals An Unusual New Genus of Chrysididae From Oman (Hymenoptera)

1987 ◽  
Vol 94 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 333-335
Author(s):  
Lynn Siri Kimsey
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
South America ◽  
North Africa ◽  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The chrysidid tribe Elampini comprises a diverse group of genera. There are a number of small (1-3 species) highly derived genera in this group. Nearly all of these occur in 2 regions, southwestern North America and the area comprising the Middle East, southern USSR and North Africa. The small North American genera are Hedychreides Bohart, Microchridium Bohart, Minymischa Kimsey, Pseudolopyga Bodenstein and Xerochrum Bobart. Those in the latter region include: Haba Semenov, Prochridium Linsenmaier and the new genus, Adelopyga, described below. One genus, Muesebeckidium Krombein, occurs in both North and South America.The following abbreviations are used: F = flagellomere, MOD = midocellus diameter, PD = puncture diameter, Rs = forewing radial sector, and S = gastral sternum.

scholarly journals <i>Praecypridea</i>: a new non-marine ostracod genus from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Europe, North and South America, and Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Sames ◽  
Robin Whatley ◽  
Michael E. Schudack
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Abstract. The genus Praecypridea gen. nov. (Cypridoidea, Family Cyprideidae Martin, 1940) is described and thus far comprises four species: the type species Praecypridea acuticyatha (Schudack, 1998) comb. nov., Praecypridea postelongata (Oertli, 1957) comb. nov., Praecypridea suprajurassica (Mojon, Haddoumi &amp; Charriére, 2009) comb. nov. and Praecypridea acuta (Moos, 1959 in Wicher, 1959) comb. nov. Representatives of the new genus have been described from the Middle to Late Jurassic of Europe, North America and Africa and the Early Cretaceous of South America, with other presumed representatives also occurring in the Early Cretaceous. Species of Praecypridea are considered to represent members of the ancestral lineage of the extinct genus Cypridea Bosquet, representatives of which flourished in non-marine habitats of latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age and account for the first period of abundance of the non-marine Cypridoidea.

First record of Dendrobaena pygmaea (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Asia (Yokohama, Japan)

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 487 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
R. J. BLAKEMORE
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
First Record ◽  
National University ◽  
North And South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
North And South ◽  
Distribution In Europe

The 'cosmopolitan' lumbricid earthworm Dendrobaena pygmaea (Savigny, 1826) is reported for the first time from Asia, from the campus of Yokohama National University, Japan. It is a small detritivorous 'litter species' or 'humus feeder' found to have a simple intestinal typhlosole. Here it is briefly re-described, and its taxonomy and previously known distribution (in Europe, North Africa, North and South America) are discussed. A figure is provided. As Yokohama port was opened for foreign trade shortly after Commodore Perry's visit in 1853, the incursion of this species is probably only within the last 150 years. It is not considered to pose any particular environmental risk.

Jujuyaspis borealis and associated trilobites and conodonts from the Lower Ordovician of Texas and Utah

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Stitt ◽  
James F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
North And South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
North And South

Jujuyaspis borealis is reported from earliest Ordovician (North American usage) limestones in central Texas and western Utah, the first time this species has been recognized in the United States. Jujuyaspis is a widespread olenid trilobite that occurs near the base of the Tremadoc Series in a variety of lithologies in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. When international agreement is reached on the exact horizon at or near the base of the Tremadoc Series that is to be used as the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary, Jujuyaspis will likely prove to be a very useful taxon for recognition of the boundary interval.

scholarly journals The concern of Andrey Sheptytsky, the Metropolitan bishop, about Ukrainian Emigrants in North and South America

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 258-270
Author(s):  
Adam Kubasik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Political Agitation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century a large group of Galician Ruthenians emigrated to North America and the United States and Canada, South America - mainly to Argentina and Brazil. Sheptytsky visited North America in 1910. He met with Ukrainian Greek Catholic immigrant communities in the United States and Canada. In 1921, he visited the USA and Canada again. In 1922 he arrived to Argentina and Brazil. He did not conduct open political agitation. However, some of his speeches have an anti-Polish character.

Comparison of Biases in Warm-Season WRF Forecasts in North and South America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah O. Piersante ◽  
Russ. S. Schumacher ◽  
Kristen L. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Cumulus Parameterization ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

AbstractEnsemble forecasts using the WRF Model at 20-km grid spacing with varying parameterizations are used to investigate and compare precipitation and atmospheric profile forecast biases in North and South America. By verifying a 19-member ensemble against NCEP Stage IV precipitation analyses, it is shown that the cumulus parameterization (CP), in addition to precipitation amount and season, had the largest influence on precipitation forecast skill in North America during 2016-2017. Verification of an ensemble subset against operational radiosondes in North and South America finds that forecasts in both continents feature a substantial mid-level dry bias, particularly at 700 hPa, during the warm season. Case-by-case analysis suggests that large mid-level error is associated with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) east of the high terrain and westerly subsident flow from the Rocky and Andes Mountains in North and South America. However, error in South America is consistently greater than North America. This is likely attributed to the complex terrain and higher average altitude of the Andes relative to the Rockies, which allow for a deeper low-level jet and long-lasting MCSs, both of which 20-km simulations struggle to resolve. In the wake of data availability from the RELAMPAGO field campaign, the authors hope that this work motivates further comparison of large precipitating systems in North and South America, given their high impact in both continents.

scholarly journals Ancient mitochondrial DNA reveals convergent evolution of giant short-faced bears (Tremarctinae) in North and South America

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20160062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieren J. Mitchell ◽  
Sarah C. Bray ◽  
Pere Bover ◽  
Leopoldo Soibelzon ◽  
Blaine W. Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
North American ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
South American ◽  
The North ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The Tremarctinae are a subfamily of bears endemic to the New World, including two of the largest terrestrial mammalian carnivores that have ever lived: the giant, short-faced bears Arctodus simus from North America and Arctotherium angustidens from South America (greater than or equal to 1000 kg). Arctotherium angustidens became extinct during the Early Pleistocene, whereas Arctodus simus went extinct at the very end of the Pleistocene. The only living tremarctine is the spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus ), a largely herbivorous bear that is today only found in South America. The relationships among the spectacled bears ( Tremarctos ), South American short-faced bears ( Arctotherium ) and North American short-faced bears ( Arctodus ) remain uncertain. In this study, we sequenced a mitochondrial genome from an Arctotherium femur preserved in a Chilean cave. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the South American short-faced bears were more closely related to the extant South American spectacled bear than to the North American short-faced bears. This result suggests striking convergent evolution of giant forms in the two groups of short-faced bears ( Arctodus and Arctotherium ), potentially as an adaptation to dominate competition for megafaunal carcasses.

scholarly journals Biogeography of Neotropical Meliaceae: geological connections, fossil and molecular evidence revisited

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra N. Muellner-Riehl ◽  
Blanca M. Rojas-Andrés
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Central American ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
North Central ◽  
Modern Distribution ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

AbstractWe here provide, first, a general introduction into the woody angiosperm family Meliaceae, including updated numbers of the genera and species found in different parts of the globe, paying attention to geographic centres of diversity and patterns of endemism. Second, and more specifically, we review the latest literature concerning land connections (i) between Eurasia and North America, (ii) between North America and South America, as well as (iii) dispersal paths between Africa and South America that have existed since the proposed evolutionary origin of modern Meliaceae, i.e. from the Upper Cretaceous onwards (ca. 100 Million years ago). Comparing geological evidence with the fossil record as well as biogeographic studies, there is indication that the nowadays pantropically distributed family has made use of all these three routes. Five out of the eight modern Neotropical genera have a fossil record, namely Carapa Aubl., Cedrela P. Browne, Guarea F. Allam., Swietenia Jacq., and Trichilia P. Browne. Carapa and Trichilia have a modern transatlantic disjunction (distribution in Africa, Central and South America), and a fossil record in Africa and North/Central America (Trichilia), or Africa and Eurasia (Carapoxylon). Cedrela has a rich fossil record in Eurasia and the Americas. The global decrease in temperatures and a lack of Cedrela fossils in North America from the Late Miocene onwards suggest the genus had gone extinct there by that time, leading to its modern distribution in Central and South America. Oligocene to Pliocene fossils of Guarea, Swietenia and Trichilia in Central American key regions support biotic interchange between North and South America at various times.

Taxonomic notes and validation of Oenothera acutifolia (Onagraceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 427 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
MONIKA WOŹNIAK-CHODACKA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
The World ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Oenothera Linnaeus (1753: 346) (Onagraceae) is indigenous to North America (Dietrich et al. 1997), where the great diversity of the genus is reflected by its division into 18 sections and several subsections and series (Wagner et al. 2007). At different times and circumstances, particular evening-primrose species have naturalized in other parts of the world—currently they are known from nearly all continents: North and South America, Asia, Australia, Africa and Europe as well (Cleland 1972, Dietrich et al. 1997, Rostański et al. 2004). Reaching new lands, they began to spread and hybridize with each other, which might have resulted in the origin of new species, unknown from the native area (Dietrich et al. 1997).

VII.—The Classification of the Phacopidæ

1905 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Cowper Reed
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Partial Coalescence ◽  
Structural Importance ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

In North and South America and in South Africa there is a considerable variety of types of the Dalmaniles-branch in the Devonian period which have in many cases received distinctive subgeneric names; but species retaining the typical characters of the Silurian forms persist at any rate in North America. Many of these Devonian forms show incomplete second lateral furrows on the glabella, these furrows not reaching the axial furrows and causing a partial coalescence of the two middle lateral lobes. This tendency towards the fusion of the first and second lateral lobes of the glabella is a departure from the perfect segmentation found in typical Silurian members of Dalmanites, and has caused Clarke to group all such forms together into the subgenus or section Synphoria. This type of structure, as Van Ingen has recently shown, is not unknown amongst the Silurian species of Dalmanites in America, but it finds its most pronounced development in Devonian time and occurs in the groups Coronura, Corycephalus, Odontocephalus, and Probolium, all of which are put by Clarke in the section Synphoria. The marginal ornamentation and different processes on the pygidium and head-shield on which these four groups have been founded are scarcely of the same structural importance as the modifications of the glabellar segmentation. As in other families, the spinosity of these forms is the symbol of a last expiring effort before extinction.

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