F-61 Polycapillary Based Confocal Detection Schemes for XRF Micro and Nano-Spectroscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
B. Vekemans ◽  
B. De Samber ◽  
T. Schoonjans ◽  
G. Silversmit ◽  
L. Vincze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Schemes ◽  
Confocal Detection

Enhanced-Fluorescence of a Dye on DNA- assembled Gold Nano-Dimers Discriminated by Lifetime Correlation Spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M. R. Paulo ◽  
David Botequim ◽  
Agnieszka Jóskowiak ◽  
Sofia Martins ◽  
Duarte M. F. Prazeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Plasmon Mode ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Enhanced Fluorescence ◽  
Detection Volume ◽  
Relaxation Component ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Confocal Detection

<div> <div> <div> <p>We have employed DNA-directed assembly to prepare dimers of gold nanoparticles and used their longitudinally coupled plasmon mode to enhance the fluorescence emission of an organic red-emitting dye, Atto-655. The plasmon- enhanced fluorescence of this dye using dimers of 80 nm particles was measured at single molecule detection level. The top enhancement factors were above 1000-fold in 71% of the dimers within a total of 32 dimers measured, and, in some cases, they reached almost 4000-fold, in good agreement with model simulations. Additionally, fluorescence lifetime correlation analysis enabled the separation of enhanced from non-enhanced emission simultaneously collected in our confocal detection volume. This approach allowed us to recover a short relaxation component exclusive to enhanced emission that is attributed to the interaction of the dye with DNA in the interparticle gaps. </p> </div> </div> </div>

DESIGN FLOW OF CONCURRENT ERROR DETECTION SCHEMES FOR COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
A. L. Stempkovskiy ◽  
◽  
D. V. Telpukhov ◽  
A. I. Demeneva ◽  
T. D. Zhukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Concurrent Error Detection ◽  
Combinational Circuits ◽  
Detection Schemes

ARFIS: Adaptive-Receiver-Based Fuzzy Inference System for Diffusion- Based Molecular Communications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-289
Author(s):  
Ghalib H. Alshammri ◽  
Walid K. M. Ahmed ◽  
Victor B. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Molecular Communication ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Adaptive Receiver ◽  
Detection Schemes

Background: The architecture and sequential learning rule-based underlying ARFIS (adaptive-receiver-based fuzzy inference system) are proposed to estimate and predict the adaptive threshold-based detection scheme for diffusion-based molecular communication (DMC). Method: The proposed system forwards an estimate of the received bits based on the current molecular cumulative concentration, which is derived using sequential training-based principle with weight and bias and an input-output mapping based on both human knowledge in the form of fuzzy IFTHEN rules. The ARFIS architecture is employed to model nonlinear molecular communication to predict the received bits over time series. Result: This procedure is suitable for binary On-OFF-Keying (Book signaling), where the receiver bio-nanomachine (Rx Bio-NM) adapts the 1/0-bit detection threshold based on all previous received molecular cumulative concentrations to alleviate the inter-symbol interference (ISI) problem and reception noise. Conclusion: Theoretical and simulation results show the improvement in diffusion-based molecular throughput and the optimal number of molecules in transmission. Furthermore, the performance evaluation in various noisy channel sources shows promising improvement in the un-coded bit error rate (BER) compared with other threshold-based detection schemes in the literature.

scholarly journals Rechained: Sybil-Resistant Distributed Identities for the Internet of Things and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3257
Author(s):  
Arne Bochem ◽  
Benjamin Leiding
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Colored Petri Nets ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Internet Connectivity ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Detection Schemes ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Today, increasing Internet of Things devices are deployed, and the field of applications for decentralized, self-organizing networks keeps growing. The growth also makes these systems more attractive to attackers. Sybil attacks are a common issue, especially in decentralized networks and networks that are deployed in scenarios with irregular or unreliable Internet connectivity. The lack of a central authority that can be contacted at any time allows attackers to introduce arbitrary amounts of nodes into the network and manipulate its behavior according to the attacker’s goals, by posing as a majority participant. Depending on the structure of the network, employing Sybil node detection schemes may be difficult, and low powered Internet of Things devices are usually unable to perform impactful amounts of work for proof-of-work based schemes. In this paper, we present Rechained, a scheme that monetarily disincentivizes the creation of Sybil identities for networks that can operate with intermittent or no Internet connectivity. We introduce a new revocation mechanism for identities, tie them into the concepts of self-sovereign identities, and decentralized identifiers. Case-studies are used to discuss upper- and lower-bounds for the costs of Sybil identities and, therefore, the provided security level. Furthermore, we formalize the protocol using Colored Petri Nets to analyze its correctness and suitability. Proof-of-concept implementations are used to evaluate the performance of our scheme on low powered hardware as it might be found in Internet of Things applications.

scholarly journals Understanding Thermal and A‐Thermal Trapping Processes in Lead Halide Perovskites Towards Effective Radiation Detection Schemes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2104879
Author(s):  
Carmelita Rodà ◽  
Mauro Fasoli ◽  
Matteo L. Zaffalon ◽  
Francesca Cova ◽  
Valerio Pinchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Effective Radiation ◽  
Detection Schemes ◽  
Lead Halide

scholarly journals Terahertz quantum sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. eaaz8065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirco Kutas ◽  
Björn Haase ◽  
Patricia Bickert ◽  
Felix Riexinger ◽  
Daniel Molter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Semiconductor Detectors ◽  
Terahertz Frequency ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Quantum Sensing ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Detection Schemes

Quantum sensing is highly attractive for accessing spectral regions in which the detection of photons is technically challenging: Sample information is gained in the spectral region of interest and transferred via biphoton correlations into another spectral range, for which highly sensitive detectors are available. This is especially beneficial for terahertz radiation, where no semiconductor detectors are available and coherent detection schemes or cryogenically cooled bolometers have to be used. Here, we report on the first demonstration of quantum sensing in the terahertz frequency range in which the terahertz photons interact with a sample in free space and information about the sample thickness is obtained by the detection of visible photons. As a first demonstration, we show layer thickness measurements with terahertz photons based on biphoton interference. As nondestructive layer thickness measurements are of high industrial relevance, our experiments might be seen as a first step toward industrial quantum sensing applications.

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