scholarly journals Cardiometabolic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Role of Androgens

Physiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licy L. Yanes Cardozo ◽  
Damian G. Romero ◽  
Jane F. Reckelhoff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women. Hyperandrogenemia is present in a significant fraction (~80%) of women with PCOS. Increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors is frequently observed in PCOS women. The present review aims to highlight the key role of androgens in mediating the negative cardiometabolic profile observed in PCOS women.

scholarly journals Androgen Receptor Blocker Improves the Cardiometabolic Profile in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, but at What Cost?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A803-A804
Author(s):  
Jacob E Pruett ◽  
Steven Everman ◽  
Edgar David Torres Fernandez ◽  
Kacey Davenport ◽  
Damian G Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Abstract Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as increased blood pressure (BP), insulin resistance (IR), and obesity. We have demonstrated previously that exposing prepubertal female rats to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) leads to increase in food intake (FI), body weight (BW), BP, and IR. We tested the hypothesis that administration of the AR blocker bicalutamide (BICA) would decrease BP, IR, and obesity in PCOS model. As there are previous reports of severe hepatotoxicity with the AR blocker flutamide, we also examined BICA effects in the liver. Methods: Four-week old female Sprague Dawley rats implanted with DHT pellets (7.5mg/90 days) or placebo (PBO) were randomized to standard chow diet with or without the AR blocker bicalutamide (BICA) at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day throughout the study (n=10/group). BW and FI were measured weekly. BP and heart rate (HR) were measured by radiotelemetry. Fasting plasma was collected for IR (Homeostatic model assessment for IR, HOMA-IR). At euthanasia, the liver was collected, as well as plasma for gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) quantification. Results: PCOS rats had increased BW, FI, IR, and BP compared to PBO. BICA treatment had no impact on BW (285.3 ± 7.0 vs 270 ± 8.2 g, P=0.2) as well as FI and HR in PCOS. However, in PCOS, BICA decreased HOMA-IR (5.10 ± 0.40 vs 3.33 ± 0.31, P<0.05) and BP (115.4 ± 0.7 vs 105.3 ± 0.2 mmHg, P<0.01). Compared to PBO, PCOS+BICA rats had similar IR (3.83 ± 0.28 vs 3.33 ± 0.31, P=0.7) and BP (107.4 ± 0.8 vs 105.3 ± 0.2 mmHg, P=0.9). In addition, the liver weight to tibia length ratio was drastically increased by BICA in PCOS (222.9 ± 9.5 vs 360.4 ± 16.9 mg/mm, P<0.0001) as well as GGT (0.88 ± 0.88 vs 11.67 ± 0.58 U/L, P<0.0001), though it decreased AST (60.2 ± 6.9 vs 42.4 ± 1.9 U/L, P<0.05) and had no impact on ALT. Conclusion: In summary, in a model of PCOS, BICA treatment abolished IR and BP, independent of FI, BW and HR. Prompt treatment with an AR blocker can normalize increased IR and BP triggered by androgen excess in females. Further studies need to be done to fully understand the effect of BICA in the liver in PCOS. The beneficial effect of AR blockers as a therapeutic option to improve the cardiometabolic profile in PCOS may be hampered by its liver toxicity.

scholarly journals Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Multifactorial Endocrine Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surankita Sukul ◽  
Pushkal Sinduvadi Ramesh ◽  
Narahari Agasti
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting a significant population of women of reproductive age group worldwide. Due to the complex pathophysiology and overlapping symptoms, this disorder is often difficult to diagnose. Genome-wide association studies have identified several new risk loci and candidate genes for PCOS. However, currently, there are no standard genetic markers for PCOS susceptibility testing owing to the inconsistent findings. Despite the advent of the genomic era, the challenge to identify and pinpoint the heritable genetic basis of PCOS still exists. This mini-review explores the basic definition and phenotypes of PCOS, the different criteria for the diagnosis, the incidence, gestational complications associated with it, the basis of genetic heritability, and the influence of various gene polymorphisms. Also, this review briefly summarises the reports of genome-wide association studies conducted to identify candidate genetic markers to aid in understanding the complex pathophysiology of PCOS.

scholarly journals Endometrium and polycystic ovary syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Pavel P Yakovlev ◽  
Igor Yu Kogan
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Patients with PCOS present with several endometrial abnormalities possibly explaining some of the adverse endometrium-related outcomes in these women. PCOS is inconsistently associated adverse pregnancy outcomes and an increased risk of endometrial cancer. The purpose of this review is to systematize the available data on endometrial dysfunction associated with PCOS. (For citation: Yakovlev PP, Kogan IYu. Endometrium and polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2018;67(4):60-66. doi: 10.17816/JOWD67460-66).

scholarly journals ApoB48-Lipoproteins Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna F Vine ◽  
Lawrence J Beilin ◽  
Sally Burrows ◽  
Rae-Chi Huang ◽  
Martha Hickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Abstract Context Adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia. Atherogenic apolipoprotein (apo) B-lipoprotein remnants are associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of fasting plasma apoB-lipoprotein remnants, apoB48 and apoB100, and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors and androgen indices in adolescent girls with and without PCOS. Design, setting and participants Participants (n = 184) aged 17 years were recruited in the Menstruation in Teenagers Study from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. The main outcome measures Fasting plasma apo-B48 and -B100 lipoprotein remnant concentrations in adolescent girls with and without PCOS. Results Fasting plasma apoB48-lipoprotein remnants but not apoB100-lipoprotein remnants were elevated in adolescent girls with increased cardiometabolic risk compared with those with lower cardiometabolic risk (13.91 ± 5.06 vs 12.09 ± 4.47 µg/mL, P < .01). ApoB48-lipoprotein remnants were positively correlated with fasting plasma triglycerides (b = .43, P < .0001). The prevalence of increased cardiometabolic risk factors was 2-fold higher in those diagnosed with PCOS (35.3%) than in those without PCOS (16.3%).Conclusion: Adolescents with PCOS have a 2-fold higher incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors than those without PCOS. Fasting apoB48-lipoprotein remnants are elevated in adolescent girls with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors.

Results of treatment with myo-Inositol and D-chiro inositol combination in ratio 5:1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Oboskalova ◽  
Anna V. Vorontsova ◽  
Maksim A. Zvychainyi ◽  
Karina G. Gushchina ◽  
Marietta M. Maitesian
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Free Androgen Index ◽  
Results Of Treatment

We conducted an observational descriptive study evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic modification of lifestyle with adding of 1000 mg of myo-inositol and 200 mg of D-chiro inositol combination (ratio 5:1) for nutritional support in 104 women of reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome (classic phenotype and nonclassical phenotypes in the presence of hyperandrogenism) for 6 months. Revealed changes in anthropometric parameters (decrease in body mass index by 0.89 kg/m2; p0.05 and waist circumference by 3.0 cm; p0.05), skin status (decrease in the incidence of acne from 96.2 up to 58.6%; p0.05 and seborrhea from 34.6 to 5.8%; p0.05), hormonal profile (statistically significant change in all studied parameters; p0.05: decrease in total testosterone to 1.27 nmol/L and a free androgen index up to 4.12% under an increase in globulin binding sex hormones), carbohydrate metabolism (normalization of glucose tolerance without the development of hypoglycemia) and restoration of menstrual cycle (MC) parameters (regular MC in 76.9 %; p0.05, MC duration 33.4 days; p0.05) indicate a significant role of stage I therapy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and the possible benefits of 1000 mg of myo-inositol and 200 mg of D-chiro inositol combination as a nutritional support.

Role of genetic and environmental factors in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (17) ◽  
pp. 650-657
Author(s):  
László Ságodi ◽  
Emőke Kiss-Tóth ◽  
László Barkai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Endocrine Abnormality ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common heterogeneous endocrine abnormality in women in the reproductive age. The syndrome remains an enigmatic disorder because the aetiology is still unclear. Familial aggreagation is relatively common among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome suggesting a significant genetic component, although the way of inheritance has not been established firmly. The authors review the relevant medical literature and suggest that genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. To date, no gene has been identified that causes or contributes substantially to the development of a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is considered to be an oligogenic disorder in which the interaction of a number of genetic and environmental factors determines the heterogeneous clinical and biochemical phenotype. To summarize current evidence the authors conclude, that when we are able to identify and then modify environmental determinants, then we will be able to safeguard better the health of those patients who are predisposed to disease development due to genotype or previous environmental effects. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 650–657.

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