Modulation of Olfactory Information Processing in the Antennal Lobe ofManduca sextaby Serotonin

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 2077-2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Dacks ◽  
T. A. Christensen ◽  
J. G. Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Olfactory Information ◽  
Olfactory Acuity ◽  
Bath Application ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Response Thresholds ◽  
Dose Response Function

The nervous system copes with variability in the external and internal environment by using neuromodulators to adjust the efficacy of neural circuits. The role of serotonin (5HT) as a neuromodulator of olfactory information processing in the antennal lobe (AL) of Manduca sexta was examined using multichannel extracellular electrodes to record the responses of ensembles of AL neurons to olfactory stimuli. In one experiment, the effects of 5HT on the concentration-response functions for two essential plant oils across a range of stimulus intensities were examined. In a second experiment, the effect of 5HT on the ability of ensembles to discriminate odorants from different chemical classes was examined. Bath application of 5HT enhanced AL unit responses by increasing response duration and firing rate, which in turn increased the amount of spike time cross-correlation and -covariance between pairs of units. 5HT had the greatest effect on overall ensemble activation at higher odorant concentrations, resulting in an increase in the gain of the dose-response function of individual units. Additionally, response thresholds shifted to lower odorant concentrations for some units, suggesting that 5HT increased their sensitivity. Serotonin enhanced ensemble discrimination of different concentrations of individual odorants as well as discrimination of structurally dissimilar odors at the same concentration. Given the known circadian fluctuations of 5HT in the AL of this species, these findings support the hypothesis that 5HT periodically enhances sensitivity and responsiveness in the AL of Manduca to maximize efficiency when the requirement for olfactory acuity is the greatest.

scholarly journals Olfactory Information Processing in the Drosophila Antennal Lobe: Anything Goes?

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (49) ◽  
pp. 13075-13087 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Silbering ◽  
R. Okada ◽  
K. Ito ◽  
C. G. Galizia
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Olfactory Information

The role of the Drosophila lateral horn in olfactory information processing and behavioral response

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna N. Schultzhaus ◽  
Sehresh Saleem ◽  
Hina Iftikhar ◽  
Ginger E. Carney
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Lateral Horn ◽  
Olfactory Information

Microcircuits for Olfactory Information Processing in the Antennal Lobe of Manduca sexta

2010 ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
Lei Hong ◽  
Oland Lynne A ◽  
Riffell Jeffery A ◽  
Beyerlein Aaron ◽  
Hildebrand John G.
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Olfactory Information

Rising up to the 'challenge'? The interactive role of need for closure and situational appraisals on information processing

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhuja Sankaran ◽  
Joanna Grzymala-Moszczynska ◽  
Agnieszka Strojny ◽  
Pawel Strojny ◽  
Malgorzata Kossowska
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Need For Closure

Does a Ribosome Really Read? On the Cognitive Roots and Heuristic Value of Linguistic Metaphors in Molecular Genetics. Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Suren T. Zolyan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
The Core ◽  
Genetic Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Frame ◽  
Effective Instrument

We discuss the role of linguistic metaphors as a cognitive frame for the understanding of genetic information processing. The essential similarity between language and genetic information processing has been recognized since the very beginning, and many prominent scholars have noted the possibility of considering genes and genomes as texts or languages. Most of the core terms in molecular biology are based on linguistic metaphors. The processing of genetic information is understood as some operations on text – writing, reading and editing and their specification (encoding/decoding, proofreading, transcription, translation, reading frame). The concept of gene reading can be traced from the archaic idea of the equation of Life and Nature with the Book. Thus, the genetics itself can be metaphorically represented as some operations on text (deciphering, understanding, code-breaking, transcribing, editing, etc.), which are performed by scientists. At the same time linguistic metaphors portrayed gene entities also as having the ability of reading. In the case of such “bio-reading” some essential features similar to the processes of human reading can be revealed: this is an ability to identify the biochemical sequences based on their function in an abstract system and distinguish between type and its contextual tokens of the same type. Metaphors seem to be an effective instrument for representation, as they make possible a two-dimensional description: biochemical by its experimental empirical results and textual based on the cognitive models of comprehension. In addition to their heuristic value, linguistic metaphors are based on the essential characteristics of genetic information derived from its dual nature: biochemical by its substance, textual (or quasi-textual) by its formal organization. It can be concluded that linguistic metaphors denoting biochemical objects and processes seem to be a method of description and explanation of these heterogeneous properties.

Emotion information processing as a new component of emotional intelligence: Theoretical framework and empirical evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110076
Author(s):  
Marina Fiori ◽  
Shagini Udayar ◽  
Ashley Vesely Maillefer
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Ability Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Processing Component ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and emotion information processing (EIP) has received surprisingly little attention in the literature. The present research addresses these gaps in the literature by introducing a conceptualization of emotional intelligence as composed of two distinct components: (1) EIK or emotion Knowledge component, captured by current ability emotional intelligence tests, related to top-down, higher order reasoning about emotions, and which depends more strongly on acquired and culture-bound knowledge about emotions; (2) EIP or emotion information Processing component, measured with emotion information processing tasks, requires faster processing and is based on bottom-up attention-related responses to emotion information. In Study 1 ( N = 349) we tested the factorial structure of this new EIP component within the nomological network of intelligence and current ability emotional intelligence. In Study 2 ( N =111) we tested the incremental validity of EIP in predicting both overall performance and the charisma of a presenter while presenting in a stressful situation. Results support the importance of acknowledging the role of emotion information processing in the emotional intelligence literature and point to the utility of introducing a new EI measure that would capture stable individual differences in how individuals process emotion information.

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