scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Induced by Intense and Exhaustive Exercise Impairs Murine Cognitive Function

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 1820-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloi F. Rosa ◽  
Shirley Takahashi ◽  
Jeannine Aboulafia ◽  
Viviane L. A. Nouailhetas ◽  
Maria G. M. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Brain

It has been shown that exercise is helpful against brain disorders. However, this may not be true for intense exercise (IE). Because it is easy to misadjust exercise intensity with physical condition, it is essential to know the effects of IE on cognitive process because it may have important consequences on people skills and work skills. We investigated the effects of IE on male C57Bl/6 mice, 3-mo-old, undergoing 10 days of intense and exhaustive running program on cognition and its possible relationship with brain oxidative stress. Cognition was evaluated by three different cognitive tests: passive avoidance task, contextual fear conditioning, and tone fear conditioning, performed 24 h after the last exercise session. Brain oxidative stress was evaluated by lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. There was a remarkable memory reduction of exercised animals in comparison with the control group, associated with increase in the brain oxidative stress, with no alterations in shock sensitivity, locomotion and anxiety parameters. Concurrent vitamin C and E supplementation fully prevented the memory decrement induced by IE and partially recovered both the increased the brain lipid peroxidation and the protein oxidation. In conclusion, IE-induces a high index of brain oxidative stress and impairs memory in murine model that was prevented by vitamin C and E supplementation.

scholarly journals In Vivo Protective Effects of Gallic Acid Isolated from Peltiphyllum Peltatum Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Erythrocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Fazel Nabavi ◽  
Solomon Habtemariam ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam ◽  
Maria Daglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Gallic acid has been identified as an antioxidant component of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The present study examined its potential protective role against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes. Oxidative stress was induced by NaF administration through drinking water (1030.675 mg m-3 for one week). Gallic acid at 10 mg kg-1 and 20 mg kg-1 and vitamin C for positive controls (10 mg kg-1) were administered daily intraperitoneally for one week prior to NaF administration. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and the level of reduced glutathione were evaluated in rat erythrocytes. Lipid peroxidation in NaF-exposed rats significantly increased (by 88.8 %) when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Pre-treatment with gallic acid suppressed lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities and glutathione levels were reduced by NaF intoxication by 54.4 %, 63.69 %, and 42 % (p<0.001; vs. untreated control group), respectively. Pre-treatment with gallic acid or vitamin C significantly attenuated the deleterious effects. Gallic acid isolated from Peltiphyllum peltatum and vitamin C mitigated the NaF-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes.

Lipid Peroxidation, Protein Oxidation, Gelatinases, and Their Inhibitors in a Group of Adults with Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Caimi ◽  
Baldassare Canino ◽  
Maria Montana ◽  
Caterina Urso ◽  
Vincenzo Calandrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractThe association between obesity and cardiovascular diseases has a multifactorial pathogenesis, including the synthesis of inflammatory molecules, the increase in oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the matrix metalloprotease (MMP) concentration and activity. In a group of adults with obesity, divided in 2 subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI), we examined lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), protein oxidation, expressed as protein carbonyl groups (PCs), plasma gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). In the whole group, as well as in the 2 subgroups (with BMI 30–35 or BMI>35) of obese subjects, we observed an increase in TBARS, PCs, MMP-2, and MMP-9, and also TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in comparison with the control group. A positive correlation between TBARS and PCs emerged in obese subjects and persisted after dividing obese subjects according to BMI. The correlation between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 was not statistically significant, while a significant correlation was present between MMP-9 and TIMP-1. The correlations between the markers of oxidative stress (TBARS and PCs) and those of the MMP/TIMP profile indicated a more marked influence of protein oxidation on MMPs and TIMPs in comparison with TBARS. The innovative aspect of our study was the simultaneous evaluation of oxidative stress markers and MMP/TIMP profile in adult obese subjects. We observed significant alterations and correlations that may negatively influence the clinical course of the disease.

scholarly journals Vitamin C deficiency in weanling guinea pigs: differential expression of oxidative stress and DNA repair in liver and brain

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Lykkesfeldt ◽  
Gilberto Perez Trueba ◽  
Henrik E. Poulsen ◽  
Stephan Christen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Selective Preservation ◽  
The Brain

Neonates are particularly susceptible to malnutrition due to their limited reserves of micronutrients and their rapid growth. In the present study, we examined the effect of vitamin C deficiency on markers of oxidative stress in plasma, liver and brain of weanling guinea pigs. Vitamin C deficiency caused rapid and significant depletion of ascorbate (P < 0·001), tocopherols (P < 0·001) and glutathione (P < 0·001), and a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity (P = 0·005) in the liver, while protein oxidation was significantly increased (P = 0·011). No changes in lipid oxidation or oxidatively damaged DNA were observed in this tissue. In the brain, the pattern was markedly different. Of the measured antioxidants, only ascorbate was significantly depleted (P < 0·001), but in contrast to the liver, ascorbate oxidation (P = 0·034), lipid oxidation (P < 0·001), DNA oxidation (P = 0·13) and DNA incision repair (P = 0·014) were all increased, while protein oxidation decreased (P = 0·003). The results show that the selective preservation of brain ascorbate and induction of DNA repair in vitamin C-deficient weanling guinea pigs is not sufficient to prevent oxidative damage. Vitamin C deficiency may therefore be particularly adverse during the neonatal period.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Azoxymethane-induced Colon Cancerous Fischer Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
J. Naveena Lavanya Latha ◽  
V. Kavitha ◽  
B. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fischer Rats

Objective: to study the redox status of normal colon and aberrant crypts formed in azoxymethane induced colon cancerous fischer rats. Methods A total of 16 five-week-old male Fisher 344 rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing approximately 90–100 grams were housed individually in plastic cages with wood-chip bedding. The animals were acclimatized for 1 week and fed with an American Institute of Nutrition (AIN-93G) diet ad libitum. Their protein oxidation, DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants, glutathione (GSH), and antioxidative enzymes in serum were detected. Results The levels of protein oxidation Sand lipid peroxidation were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P<0.01). However, the mean serum level of MDA and conjugated diene was lower in the study group than in the control group (P<0.01). The activity of antioxidative enzymes was significantly decreased in the study group compared to control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Colorectal cancer is associated with oxidative stress, and assessment of oxidative stress and given antioxidants is important for the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Anticonvulsive and Antioxidant Effects of Pioglitazone on Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
Yasaman Ghiasi ◽  
◽  
Saba Rostamian ◽  
Ehsan Aali ◽  
Yazdan Naderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Background: Epilepsy is a neurologic dysfunction caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Oxidative stress is involved in the seizure-induced brain damage. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects of pioglitazone (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist used for treatment of type 2 diabetes) on Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 28 rats weighing 20-30 g were divided into four groups of control, pioglitazone, PTZ, and treatment. For treatment, PTZ (85 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected intraperitoneally and 4 hours later, pioglitazone (80 mg/kg) was administrated orally. Carboxymethylcellulose was administered orally in the control and PTZ groups, instead of pioglitazone. One hour after PTZ injection, seizure severity was assessed using Racine scale. Then, the rats were decapitated and the Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activity of Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in their hippocampus samples were measured by standard methods. Findings: Pioglitazone administration significantly increased the latency to the onset of seizure stages 1-4 and prevented the stage 5. It significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation caused by PTZ-induced seizure and increased the activity of CAT and SOD enzymes in the hippocampus of rats. Conclusion: Antioxidant effects of pioglitazone may play a role in preventing stable PTZ-induced seizures and protecting neurons from seizure-caused damage.

Consumption of Ashtanga Ghrita (clarified cow butter added with herb extracts) improves cognitive dysfunction induced by scopolamine in rats via regulation of acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet Sharma ◽  
Zeba Firdaus ◽  
Himanshu Rai ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Nayak ◽  
Tryambak Deo Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Objectives Ashtanga Ghrita (AG), an Indian traditional formulation, has been used to promote neuropharmacological activities. AG is made up of clarified cow butter (ghee) and eight different herbs. Methods To test whether scopolamine (SCP)-induced dementia and brain oxidative stress can be counteracted by AG, rats were separated into five groups (n=6/group): group one control, group two SCP (1 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) treated and group three to five were co-treated with different doses of AG (1.25, 2.5 and 5 g/kg b.w., orally) and SCP. After the treatment regimen, behavioral (Y-maze test) and brain biochemical changes were measured in all groups. Results Microbial load and heavy metals were found within permissible limits. Results from attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated the complexation/interaction of herbal phytoconstituents with the functional groups of Ghrita. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of AG exhibited the occurrence of flavonoids, phenolics, glycosides, steroids, triterpenes, tannins, and amino acids. Findings of the experimental study exhibited that AG significantly protected the rats from SCP-induced behavioral dysfunction and brain biochemical alterations. Conclusions This study demonstrates that AG protects the brain from SCP-induced dementia by promoting brain antioxidant activity and thus could be a promising drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.

scholarly journals Effect of Captopril on Brain Oxidative Damage in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Asgharzadeh ◽  
Mahmoud Hosseini ◽  
Rahimeh Bargi ◽  
Mohammad Soukhtanloo ◽  
Farimah Beheshti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

Background: Frequent seizure is followed by overproduction of free radicals and brain oxidative stress. Renin angiotensin system (RAS) has some effects on central nervous system. We designed this research to challenge the effect of captopril as an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor against brain oxidative stress in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) -induced seizures in mice. Methods: The groups were including (1) Control (saline); (2) PTZ (100 mg/kg, i.p.), (3-5) PTZ- captopril (Capto) that received three doses of Capto 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg 30 min before PTZ injection. Latency time in the onset minimal clonic seizures (MCS) and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were recorded. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in the hippocampus and cortex were measured. Results: All doses of captopril postponed the onset of MCS and GTCS. Accumulation of MDA in the brain tissues of PTZ group was higher than control group, while total thiol content and CAT activity were lower. Pretreatment with captopril (100 mg/kg) diminished MDA concentration compared with PTZ group. Captopril (50 and 100 mg/kg) also increased the level of total thiol groups versus PTZ group. Captopril injection (50 and 100 mg/kg) elevated the activity of SOD and CAT in the brain tissues. In addition captopril administration diminished mortality rate caused by PTZ. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that convulsions caused by PTZ were followed by oxidative stress status in the brain tissues. Pretreatment with captopril attenuated the effect of PTZ on brain tissue oxidative damage.<br />

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

scholarly journals High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Ranyah Shaker M. Labban ◽  
Hanan Alfawaz ◽  
Ahmed T. Almnaizel ◽  
Wail M. Hassan ◽  
Ramesa Shafi Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Lean Group

AbstractObesity and the brain are linked since the brain can control the weight of the body through its neurotransmitters. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on brain functioning through the measurement of brain glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin metabolic pools. In the present study, two groups of rats served as subjects. Group 1 was fed a normal diet and named as the lean group. Group 2 was fed an HFD for 4 weeks and named as the obese group. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, and vitamin C), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-12), and leptin along with a lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels) were measured in the serum. Neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate were measured in brain tissue. Fecal samples were collected for observing changes in gut flora. In brain tissue, significantly high levels of dopamine and glutamate as well as significantly low levels of serotonin were found in the obese group compared to those in the lean group (P > 0.001) and were discussed in relation to the biochemical profile in the serum. It was also noted that the HFD affected bacterial gut composition in comparison to the control group with gram-positive cocci dominance in the control group compared to obese. The results of the present study confirm that obesity is linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemic processes, and altered brain neurotransmitter levels that can cause obesity-related neuropsychiatric complications.

The effects of desferrioxamine on cisplatininduced lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rat kidneys

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kadikoylu ◽  
Z Bolaman ◽  
S Demir ◽  
M Balkaya ◽  
N Akalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Group V ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase ◽  
Cervical Dislocation ◽  
Rat Kidneys

Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with an increase in lipid peroxidation and oxygen free radicals in rat kidneys. In this study, the effects of desferrioxamine were compared to vitamin C and E on cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in rat kidneys. Rats were divided into five groups, with 15 Wistar rats in each group. In the control group, rats received 1 mL/100 g isotonic saline solution intraperitoneally (i.p.). In Group II, 10 mg/kg cisplatin i.p. was injected to rats. Thirty minutes before the same dosage of cisplatin administration, 100 mg/kg i.p. vitamin C or E was given to rats in groups III and IV, respectively. Rats in Group V received 250 mg/kg desferrioxamine i.p., before the same dose of cisplatin administration. All rats were killed by cervical dislocation after 72 hours. The kidneys were immediately removed and washed in cold saline. Spectrophotometric method was used for all analyses. While catalase, glutathione reductase (GR), and super oxide dismutase (SOD) levels were found to be significantly decreased (P B < 0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (P < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in the cisplatin group when compared to the controls. MDA levels were decreased by desferrioxamine (P < 0.005) as well as vitamin C and E (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). These three compounds induced a significant increase in SOD levels (P B < 0.05), but only in the vitamin C group, were SOD levels not significantly different than the levels of the controls (P > 0.05). In the desferrioxamine (P < 0.05), vitamin C and E groups (P < 0.001 for both), the cisplatin elevated H2O2 levels were decreased. None of these drugs had any effect on GR and catalase levels (P > 0.05). Desferrioxamine is useful to prevent cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation, however, vitamin C and E are more effective on antioxidant enzymes than desferrioxamine.

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