scholarly journals Trunk stabilization during sagittal pelvic tilt: from trunk-on-pelvis to trunk-in-space due to vestibular and visual feedback

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 1381-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul van Drunen ◽  
Frans C. T. van der Helm ◽  
Jaap H. van Dieën ◽  
Riender Happee
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Task Instruction ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Trunk Sway ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Trunk Stabilization

The goal of this study was to investigate the human ability to stabilize the trunk in space during pelvic tilt. Upper body sway was evoked in kneeling-seated healthy subjects by angular platform perturbations with a rotation around a virtual low-back pivot point between the L4 and L5 vertebrae. To investigate motor control modulation, variations in task instruction (balance naturally or minimize trunk sway), vision (eyes open or closed), and perturbation bandwidth (from 0.2 up to 1, 3, or 10 Hz) were applied. Cocontraction and proprioceptive muscle spindle feedback were associated with minimizing low-back flexion/extension (trunk-on-pelvis stabilization), while vestibular and visual feedback were supposed to contribute to trunk-in-space stabilization. Trunk-in-space stabilization was only observed with the minimize trunk sway task instruction, while the task instruction to balance naturally led to trunk-on-pelvis stabilization with trunk rotations even exceeding the perturbations. This indicates that vestibular feedback is used when minimizing trunk sway but has only a minor contribution during natural trunk stabilization in the sagittal plane. The eyes open condition resulted in reduced global trunk rotations and increased global trunk reflexive responses, demonstrating effective visual contributions to trunk-in-space stabilization. On the other hand, increasing perturbation bandwidth caused a decreased feedback contribution leading to deteriorated trunk-in-space stabilization.

The influence of foot hyperpronation on pelvic biomechanics during stance phase of the gait: A biomechanical simulation study

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 708-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Yazdani ◽  
Mohsen Razeghi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Karimi ◽  
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki ◽  
Milad Salimi Bani
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pelvic Inclination ◽  
Anterior Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Component Scores

Despite the theoretical link between foot hyperpronation and biomechanical dysfunction of the pelvis, the literature lacks evidence that confirms this assumption in truly hyperpronated feet subjects during gait. Changes in the kinematic pattern of the pelvic segment were assessed in 15 persons with hyperpronated feet and compared to a control group of 15 persons with normally aligned feet during the stance phase of gait based on biomechanical musculoskeletal simulation. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected while participants walked at a comfortable self-selected speed. A generic OpenSim musculoskeletal model with 23 degrees of freedom and 92 muscles was scaled for each participant. OpenSim inverse kinematic analysis was applied to calculate segment angles in the sagittal, frontal and horizontal planes. Principal component analysis was employed as a data reduction technique, as well as a computational tool to obtain principal component scores. Independent-sample t-test was used to detect group differences. The difference between groups in scores for the first principal component in the sagittal plane was statistically significant (p = 0.01; effect size = 1.06), but differences between principal component scores in the frontal and horizontal planes were not significant. The hyperpronation group had greater anterior pelvic tilt during 20%–80% of the stance phase. In conclusion, in persons with hyperpronation we studied the role of the pelvic segment was mainly to maintain postural balance in the sagittal plane by increasing anterior pelvic inclination. Since anterior pelvic tilt may be associated with low back symptoms, the evaluation of foot posture should be considered in assessing the patients with low back and pelvic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Role of Visual Feedback in Upright Posture Control

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanobu Nagata ◽  
◽  
Akimasa Ishida ◽  
Yutaka Fukuoka ◽  
Haruyuki Minamitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Posture Control ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Short Term

We studied the role of visual feedback in upright posture control on the sagittal plane. In posture control, each sensory system has the following roles: initial detection of sway, suppression of short-term sway around the equilibrium point, and suppression of longterm sway induced by a slow shift in equilibrium. Experiments were conducted to examine features of each sensor and then visual contribution was studied. Based on measured sensory thresholds for the perception of sway during standing, it was suggested that visual input provided sensitive means of perceiving postural sway. Body sway of a subject was measured under several conditions in which the subject controlled upright posture utilizing the definite number of sensors. By analyzing and comparing measured sway waveforms under each condition, it was clear that the visual system suppressed short-term sway. Spectral analysis showed that the visual system suppressed body sway in a low frequency range around 0.2 Hz. Though visual feedback contains a large time delay, the influence of the delay is small in the low frequency range. It is rational that vision is efficient at suppressing body sway in the low frequency range.

Correction of Posture Deviations in the Sagittal Plane Using the Pilates Method

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Alexandru Cîtea ◽  
George-Sebastian Iacob
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pilates Method ◽  
The Relationship

Posture is commonly perceived as the relationship between the segments of the human body upright. Certain parts of the body such as the cephalic extremity, neck, torso, upper and lower limbs are involved in the final posture of the body. Musculoskeletal instabilities and reduced postural control lead to the installation of nonstructural posture deviations in all 3 anatomical planes. When we talk about the sagittal plane, it was concluded that there are 4 main types of posture deviation: hyperlordotic posture, kyphotic posture, rectitude and "sway-back" posture.Pilates method has become in the last decade a much more popular formof exercise used in rehabilitation. The Pilates method is frequently prescribed to people with low back pain due to their orientation on the stabilizing muscles of the pelvis. Pilates exercise is thus theorized to help reactivate the muscles and, by doingso, increases lumbar support, reduces pain, and improves body alignment.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Postural Stability among 13-Year-Old Alpine Skiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka D. Jastrzębska
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Alpine Skiers

This experiment examined changes in body sway after Wingate test (WAnT) in 19 adolescents practicing alpine skiing, subjected to the same type of training load for 4–5 years (10 girls and nine boys). The postural examinations were performed with eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), and sway reverenced vision (SRV) in the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) planes. The displacement of center of foot pressure (CoP), range of sway (RS), mean sway velocity (MV), way length, and surface area were measured in bipedal upright stance before and after the WAnT to assess the influence of fatigue on postural balance. There were no significant differences in WAnT parameters between girls and boys. Relative peak power (RPP), relative total work (RWtot) were (girls vs. boys) 8.89 ± 0.70 vs. 9.57 ± 1.22 W/kg, p < 0.05 and 227.91 ± 14.98 vs. 243.22 ± 30.24 W/kg, p < 0.05 respectively. The fatigue index (FI) was also on similar level in both genders; however, blood lactate concentration (BLa) was significantly higher in boys (10.35 ± 1.16 mM) than in girls (8.67 ± 1.35 mM) p = 0.007. In the EO examination, statistically significant differences between resting and fatigue conditions in the whole group and after the division into girls and boys were found. In fatigue conditions, significant gender differences were noted for measurements in the ML plane (sway path and RS) and RS in the AP plane. Comparison of the three conditions shows differences between EO vs. EC and SRV in AP plane measured parameters, and for RS in ML plane in rest condition in girls. The strong correlations between FI and CoP parameters mainly in ML plane in the whole group for all examination conditions were noted. By genders, mainly RS in ML plane strongly correlates with FI (r > 0.7). No correlation was found between BLa and CoP parameters (p > 0.06). The presented results indicate that subjecting adolescents of both genders to the same training may reduce gender differences in the postural balance ability at rest but not in fatigue conditions and that girls are significantly superior in postural balance in the ML plane than boys. It was also shown that too little or too much information may be destructive to postural balance in young adolescents.

Isometric Trunk Muscle Strength and Body Sway in Relation to Low Back Pain in Young Adults

Spine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. E435-E441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko Paalanne ◽  
Raija Korpelainen ◽  
Simo Taimela ◽  
Jouko Remes ◽  
Pertti Mutanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Trunk Muscle Strength

scholarly journals The Relationship between Pelvic Tilt Angle and Disability Associated with Low Back Pain

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sung Lim ◽  
Su Yeon Roh ◽  
Suk Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Low Back ◽  
The Relationship

Effects of hypothermic anesthesia of the feet on vibration-induced body sway and adaptation

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stål ◽  
P.A. Fransson ◽  
M. Magnusson ◽  
M. Karlberg
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors ◽  
Supporting Surface ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Somatosensory Input ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Sensor Information ◽  
Ice Water

The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of information from the plantar cutaneous mechanoreceptors in postural control and whether postural control could compensate for reduced cutaneous information by adaptation. Sixteen healthy subjects were tested with eyes open or eyes closed with hypothermic and normal feet temperature during posturography where body sway was induced by vibratory proprioceptive stimulation towards both calf muscles. The hypothermic anesthesia was obtained by cooling the subject's feet in ice water for 20 minutes. Body movements were evaluated by analyzing the anteroposterior and lateral torques induced towards the supporting surface by a force platform during the posturography tests. The reduction of cutaneous sensor information from the mechanoreceptors of the feet significantly increased the vibration-induced torque variance mainly in the anteroposterior direction. However, the effects of disturbed mechanoreceptors information was rapidly compensated for through postural adaptation and torque variance was in level with that without anesthesia within 50 to 100 seconds of stimulation, both when standing with eyes open and eyes closed. Our findings suggest that somatosensory input from mechanoreceptors in the foot soles contribute significantly in maintaining postural control, but the sensory loss could be compensated for.

scholarly journals Rasterstereographic Analysis of Lateral Shift in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Britta K. Krautwurst ◽  
Jürgen R. Paletta ◽  
Sylvia Mendoza ◽  
Adrian Skwara ◽  
Melvin Mohokum
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lateral Shift ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Low Back

Objective. Detection of a lateral shift (LS) in patients with diagnosed disc herniation compared to healthy controls. Summary of Background Data. A specific lateral shift (LS) pattern is observed in patients with disc herniation and low back pain, as shown in earlier studies. Methods. Rasterstereography (RS) was used to investigate the LS. Thirty-nine patients with lumbar disc herniation diagnosed by radiological assessment and low back pain and/or leg pain (mean age 48.2 years, mean BMI 28.5, 28 males and 11 females) and 36 healthy controls (mean age 47.4 years, mean BMI 25.7, 25 males and 11 females) were analysed. LS, pelvic tilt, pelvic inclination, lordotic angle, and trunk torsion were assessed. Results. The patient group showed a nonsignificant increase in LS, that is, 5.6 mm compared to the healthy controls with 5.0 mm (p = 0.693). However, significant differences were found between groups regarding pelvic tilt in degrees (patients 5.9°, healthy controls 2.0°; p = 0.016), trunk torsion (patients 7.5°, controls 4.5°; p = 0.017), and lordotic angle (patients 27.5°, healthy controls 32.7°; p = 0.022). The correlation between pain intensity and the FFbH-R amounted 0.804 (p = < 0.01), and that between pain intensity and the pain disability index was 0.785 (p < 0.01). Discussion. Although some studies have illustrated LS with disc herniation and low back pain, the present findings demonstrate no significant increase in LS in the patient group compared to healthy controls. Conclusion. The patients with lumbar disc herniation did not demonstrate an increased LS compared to healthy controls. Other parameters like pelvic tilt and inclination seemed to be more suitable to identify changes in posture measured by RS in patients with low back pain or disc herniation.

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