Intrinsic Sensory Neurons of Mouse Gut—Toward a Detailed Knowledge of Enteric Neural Circuitry Across Species. Focus on “Characterization of Myenteric Sensory Neurons in the Mouse Small Intestine”

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 973-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine

Cloning and characterization of a type III Na-dependent phosphate cotransporter from mouse intestine

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (4) ◽  
pp. C1135-C1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Bai ◽  
James F. Collins ◽  
Fayez K. Ghishan
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Michaelis Constant ◽  
Phosphate Homeostasis ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Mouse Intestine

Intestinal and renal absorption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) is critical for phosphate homeostasis in mammals. We have isolated a cDNA that encodes a type III Na-dependent phosphate cotransporter from mouse small intestine (mPit-2). The nucleotide sequence of mPit-2 predicts a protein of 653 amino acids with at least 10 putative transmembrane domains. Kinetic studies, carried out in Xenopus oocytes, showed that mPit-2 cRNA induces significant Na-dependent Piuptake with an apparent Michaelis constant ( Km) for phosphate of 38 μM. The transport of phosphate by mPit-2 is inhibited at high pH. Northern blot analysis demonstrated the presence of mPit-2 mRNA in various tissues, including intestine, kidney, heart, liver, brain, testis, and skin. The highest expression of mPit-2 in the intestine was found in the jejunum. In situ hybridization revealed that mPit-2 mRNA is expressed throughout the vertical crypt-villus axis of the intestinal epithelium. The presence of mPit-2 in the mouse intestine and its unique transport characteristics suggest that multiple Na-dependent cotransporters may contribute to phosphate absorption in the mammalian small intestine.

scholarly journals Perturbation of the Small Intestine Microbial Ecology by Streptomycin Alters Pathology in a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Murine Model of Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 2691-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherilyn D. Garner ◽  
Dionysios A. Antonopoulos ◽  
Bettina Wagner ◽  
Gerald E. Duhamel ◽  
Ivan Keresztes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Mouse Model Of Infection

ABSTRACT The small intestine is an important site of infection for many enteric bacterial pathogens, and murine models, including the streptomycin-treated mouse model of infection, are frequently used to study these infections. The environment of the mouse small intestine and the microbiota with which enteric pathogens are likely to interact, however, have not been well described. Therefore, we compared the microbiota and the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) present in the ileum and cecum of streptomycin-treated mice and untreated controls. We found that the microbiota in the ileum of untreated mice differed greatly from that of the cecum of the same mice, primarily among families of the phylum Firmicutes. Upon treatment with streptomycin, substantial changes in the microbial composition occurred, with a marked loss of population complexity. Characterization of the metabolic products of the microbiota, the SCFAs, showed that formate was present in the ileum but low or not detectable in the cecum while butyrate was present in the cecum but not the ileum. Treatment with streptomycin altered the SCFAs in the cecum, significantly decreasing the concentration of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. In this work, we also characterized the pathology of Salmonella infection in the ileum. Infection of streptomycin-treated mice with Salmonella was characterized by a significant increase in the relative and absolute levels of the pathogen and was associated with more severe ileal inflammation and pathology. Together these results provide a better understanding of the ileal environment in the mouse and the changes that occur upon streptomycin treatment.

Characterization of Myenteric Sensory Neurons in the Mouse Small Intestine

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 998-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukang Mao ◽  
Bingxian Wang ◽  
Wolfgang Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Resting Potential ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Single Spike ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
Dogiel Type Ii

We recorded from myenteric AH/Dogiel type II cells, demonstrated mechanosensitive responses, and characterized their basic properties. Recordings were obtained using the mouse longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation with patch-clamp and sharp intracellular electrodes. The neurons had an action potential hump and a slow afterhyperpolarization (AHP) current. The slow AHP was carried by intermediate conductance Ca2+-dependent K+-channel currents sensitive to charybdotoxin and clotrimazole. All possessed a hyperpolarization-activated current that was blocked by extracellular cesium. They also expressed a TTX-resistant Na+ current with an onset near the resting potential. Pressing on the ganglion containing the patched neuron evoked depolarizing potentials in 17/18 cells. The potentials persisted after synaptic transmission was blocked. Volleys of presynaptic electrical stimuli evoked slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in 9/11 sensory neurons, but 0/29 cells received fast EPSP input. The slow EPSP was generated by removal of a voltage-insensitive K+ current. Patch-clamp recording with a KMeSO4-containing, but not a conventional KCl-rich, intracellular solution reproduced the single-spike slow AHPs and low input resistances seen with sharp intracellular recording. Cell-attached recording of intermediate conductance potassium channels supported the conclusion that the single-spike slow AHP is an intrinsic property of intestinal AH/sensory neurons. Unitary current recordings also suggested that the slow AHP current probably does not contribute significantly to the high resting background conductance seen in these cells. The characterization of mouse myenteric sensory neurons opens the way for the study of their roles in normal and pathological physiology.

Detection and characterization of spatial pattern in chimaeric tissue

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Günter H. Schmidt ◽  
Maureen M. Wilkinson ◽  
Bruce A. J. Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Mosaic Pattern ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus Agglutinin ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Consistent Increase

The mosaic pattern of patches of crypts of Lieberkühn in chimaeric C57BL/6JLac (B6)↔DDK mouse small intestine, demonstrated using Dolichos biflorus agglutinin as strainspecific marker, is quantitatively examined using the Greig-Smith analysis of variance. This analysis, widely used in ecological research, provides a method to detect and characterize pattern at various scales. The analysis demonstrates that B6 patches are non-randomly distributed at all scales examined. A consistent increase in the intensity of pattern at one particular scale over all replicate samples identifies ‘clusters of clusters’ which probably are territories of ‘descendent’ clones. The sizes of descendent clones, either in terms of numbers of patches or total numbers of crypts, are highly variable. A steady reduction in the strength of pattern from proximal to distal is found. The Greig-Smith analysis of variance provides a valuable method for the analysis of pattern in chimaeric tissue.

Distribution and Characterization of ANO10 in Mouse Small Intestine

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S930-S931
Author(s):  
Seth T. Eisenman ◽  
Amelia Mazzone ◽  
Peter R. Strege ◽  
Francesca Bianco ◽  
Simon J. Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine
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