scholarly journals Topological basis of epileptogenesis in a model of severe cortical trauma

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933-1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Volman ◽  
Terrence J. Sejnowski ◽  
Maxim Bazhenov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Epileptic Activity ◽  
Homeostatic Plasticity ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Network Bursts ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

Epileptic activity often arises after a latent period following traumatic brain injury. Several factors contribute to the emergence of post-traumatic epilepsy, including disturbances to ionic homeostasis, pathological action of intrinsic and synaptic homeostatic plasticity, and remodeling of anatomical network synaptic connectivity. We simulated a large-scale, biophysically realistic computational model of cortical tissue to study the mechanisms underlying the genesis of post-traumatic paroxysmal epileptic-like activity in the deafferentation model of a severely traumatized cortical network. Post-traumatic generation of paroxysmal events did not require changes of the structural connectivity. Rather, network bursts were induced following the action of homeostatic synaptic plasticity, which selectively influenced functionally dominant groups of intact neurons with preserved inputs. This effect critically depended on the spatial density of intact neurons. Thus in the deafferentation model of post-traumatic epilepsy, a trauma-induced change in functional (rather than anatomical) connectivity might be sufficient for epileptogenesis.

Uso de anticonvulsivantes no traumatismo cranioencefálico

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Vinicius Ricieri Ferraz ◽  
Alexandros Theodoros Panagopoulos ◽  
José Carlos Esteves Veiga ◽  
Guilherme Brasileiro de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

Objetivo. Verificar as indicações de uso de anticonvulsivantes em pa­cientes vítimas de traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE), avaliando os malefícios e benefícios do uso de diferentes drogas anticonvulsivan­tes descritas na literatura. Método. Foi realizada revisão de literatu­ra, utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE e SCIELO, utilizando os termos: “Epilepsia Pós-Traumática”, “Traumatismos Craniocerebrais ”, “Anticonvulsivantes”, “Post-Traumatic Epilepsy”, “Craniocerebral Trauma” e “Anticonvulsants”. Foram incluídos artigos com enfoque tanto no uso profilático quanto terapêutico de drogas anticonvulsi­vantes no TCE. Foram selecionados os artigos mais relevantes entre os anos de 1980 e 2014. Resultados. Vários autores têm estudado o uso de anticonvulsivantes de forma profilática ou terapêutica em vítimas de TCE, demonstrando o risco de desenvolver convulsão pós traumática em relação ao tipo de lesão cerebral apresentada e com a gravidade do trauma. Conclusão. A maior parte dos artigos não demonstra benefício em se realizar profilaxia anticonvulsivante por mais de sete dias após o trauma. Mais estudos randomizados com uma amostra significativa de pacientes poderiam ser conduzidos no intui­to de comparar o efeito de diferentes drogas anticonvulsivantes tanto na profilaxia quanto no tratamento da epilepsia pós traumática e seu impacto na qualidade de vida desses pacientes e também na morbi­mortalidade dos mesmos.

Time Interval Between Traumatic Brain Injury And Post Traumatic Epilepsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Daniel Garbin Di Luca ◽  
Glenda Corrêa Borges de Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
First Year ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Faster Development ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

Introduction. The estimated time interval in which an individual can develop Post Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE) after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not clear. Objective. To assess the possible influence of the clinical features in the time interval between TBI and PTE develop­ment. Method. We analyzed retrospectively 400 medical records from a tertiary Brazilian hospital. We selected and reevaluated 50 patients and data was confronted with the time between TBI and PTE devel­opment by a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. A Cox-hazard regression was also conducted to define the characteristics that could be involved in the latent period of the PTE development. Results. Patients devel­oped PTE especially in the first year (56%). We found a tendency of a faster development of PTE in patients older than 24 years (P<0.0001) and in men (P=0.03). Complex partial seizures evolving to generalized seizures were predominant in patients after moderate (37.7%) and severe (48.8%) TBIs, and simple partial seizures evolving to general­ized seizures in mild TBIs (45.5%). Conclusions. Our data suggest that the first year after a TBI is the most critical period for PTE de­velopment and those males older than 24 years could have a faster development of PTE.

Knowledge Atlas of Post-traumatic Epilepsy Research: Based on CiteSpace Visualization Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 106790
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhan ◽  
Yixun Ma ◽  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Huachao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visualization Analysis ◽  
Epilepsy Research ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

P145 Management of prophylaxis for post-traumatic epilepsy in children and young patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. S65
Author(s):  
A. Bardoni ◽  
P. Avantaggiato ◽  
N. Zanotta ◽  
R. Epifanio ◽  
F. Formica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy
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