scholarly journals Perimovement decrease of alpha/beta oscillations in the human nucleus accumbens

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1663-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max-Philipp Stenner ◽  
Stefan Dürschmid ◽  
Robb B. Rutledge ◽  
Tino Zaehle ◽  
Friedhelm C. Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Serial Reaction ◽  
Action Preparation ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Deep Brain

The human nucleus accumbens is thought to play an important role in guiding future action selection via an evaluation of current action outcomes. Here we provide electrophysiological evidence for a more direct, i.e., online, role during action preparation. We recorded local field potentials from the nucleus accumbens in patients with epilepsy undergoing surgery for deep brain stimulation. We found a consistent decrease in the power of alpha/beta oscillations (10–30 Hz) before and around the time of movements. This perimovement alpha/beta desynchronization was observed in seven of eight patients and was present both before instructed movements in a serial reaction time task as well as before self-paced, deliberate choices in a decision making task. A similar beta decrease over sensorimotor cortex and in the subthalamic nucleus has been directly related to movement preparation and execution. Our results support the idea of a direct role of the human nucleus accumbens in action preparation and execution.

Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Affects Language

Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. E907-E910 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rosaura Polak ◽  
Anke B. Witteveen ◽  
Mariska Mantione ◽  
Martijn Figee ◽  
Pelle de Koning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Deep Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for patients with refractory neuropsychiatric disorders. Along with symptom improvement, DBS may have concurrent behavioral effects that help to unravel the role of specific brain circuitries in complex human behavior. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: This article reports on 2 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who received DBS targeted at the nucleus accumbens that resulted in a temporary change of accent and use of vocabulary. CONCLUSION: Changes in accent and speaking manners are most likely related to direct DBS stimulation effects of the electrode targeted at the nucleus accumbens. The shift in accent, resembling foreign accent syndrome after injuries in brain language centers, has not been reported before in the course of DBS. Induction of aggressive vocabulary may be related to transient hypomanic behavior after DBS.

scholarly journals Opposing Roles for 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C Receptors in the Nucleus Accumbens on Inhibitory Response Control in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 2398-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma S J Robinson ◽  
Jeffrey W Dalley ◽  
David E H Theobald ◽  
Jeffrey C Glennon ◽  
Marie A Pezze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Serial Reaction Time Task ◽  
Inhibitory Response ◽  
Serial Reaction Time ◽  
Response Control ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Serial Reaction

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens reduces alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. E12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Henderson ◽  
Alan I. Green ◽  
Perry S. Bradford ◽  
David T. Chau ◽  
David W. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Preference ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
Deep Brain

Object The authors tested the hypothesis that deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) decreases alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring (P) rats after each animal has established a stable, large alcohol intake and after P rats with an established intake have been deprived of alcohol for 4–6 weeks. Methods Bipolar stimulating electrodes were bilaterally placed in the NAcc using stereotactic coordinates. In the first study, P rats (9 animals) were allowed to establish a stable pattern of alcohol intake (about 5–7 g/day) over approximately 2 weeks, and the acute effects of DBS in the NAcc (140–150 Hz, 60-μsec pulse width, and 200-μA current intensity) on alcohol intake and alcohol preference were studied. Each animal acted as its own control and received 1 hour of DBS followed by 1 hour of sham-DBS or vice versa on each of 2 sequential days. The order of testing (sham-DBS vs DBS) was randomized. In the second study, each animal was allowed to establish a stable alcohol intake and then the animal was deprived of alcohol for 4–6 weeks. Animals received DBS (6 rats) or sham-DBS (5 rats) in the NAcc for 24 hours starting when alcohol was reintroduced to each animal. Results Deep brain stimulation in the NAcc, as compared with a period of sham-DBS treatment in the same animals, acutely decreased alcohol preference. Furthermore, alcohol consumption and preference were significantly reduced in the DBS group compared with the sham treatment group during the first 24 hours that alcohol was made available after a period of forced abstinence. Conclusions The NAcc plays a key role in the rewarding and subsequent addictive properties of drugs of abuse in general and of alcohol in particular. Deep brain stimulation in the NAcc reduced alcohol consumption in P rats both acutely and after a period of alcohol deprivation. Therefore, DBS in the NAcc coupled with other neurophysiological measurements may be a useful tool in determining the role of the NAcc in the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit. Deep brain stimulation in the NAcc may also be an effective treatment for reducing alcohol consumption in patients who abuse alcohol and have not responded to other forms of therapy.

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