Cardiovascular effects of partial sleep deprivation in healthy volunteers

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josilene L. Dettoni ◽  
Fernanda Marciano Consolim-Colombo ◽  
Luciano F. Drager ◽  
Marcelo C. Rubira ◽  
Silvia Beatriz P. Cavasin de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

Sleep deprivation is common in Western societies and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in epidemiological studies. However, the effects of partial sleep deprivation on the cardiovascular system are poorly understood. In the present study, we evaluated 13 healthy male volunteers (age: 31 ± 2 yr) monitoring sleep diary and wrist actigraphy during their daily routine for 12 nights. The subjects were randomized and crossover to 5 nights of control sleep (>7 h) or 5 nights of partial sleep deprivation (<5 h), interposed by 2 nights of unrestricted sleep. At the end of control and partial sleep deprivation periods, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV), serum norepinephrine, and venous endothelial function (dorsal hand vein technique) were measured at rest in a supine position. The subjects slept 8.0 ± 0.5 and 4.5 ± 0.3 h during control and partial sleep deprivation periods, respectively ( P < 0.01). Compared with control, sleep deprivation caused significant increase in sympathetic activity as evidenced by increase in percent low-frequency (50 ± 15 vs. 59 ± 8) and a decrease in percent high-frequency (50 ± 10 vs. 41 ± 8) components of HRV, increase in low-frequency band of BPV, and increase in serum norepinephrine (119 ± 46 vs. 162 ± 58 ng/ml), as well as a reduction in maximum endothelial dependent venodilatation (100 ± 22 vs. 41 ± 20%; P < 0.05 for all comparisons). In conclusion, 5 nights of partial sleep deprivation is sufficient to cause significant increase in sympathetic activity and venous endothelial dysfunction. These results may help to explain the association between short sleep and increased cardiovascular risk in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Sleep Deprivation Deteriorates Heart Rate Variability and Photoplethysmography

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bourdillon ◽  
Fanny Jeanneret ◽  
Masih Nilchian ◽  
Patrick Albertoni ◽  
Pascal Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Subjective Fatigue ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

IntroductionSleep deprivation has deleterious effects on cardiovascular health. Using wearable health trackers, non-invasive physiological signals, such as heart rate variability (HRV), photoplethysmography (PPG), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) can be analyzed for detection of the effects of partial sleep deprivation on cardiovascular responses.MethodsFifteen participants underwent 1 week of baseline recording (BSL, usual day activity and sleep) followed by 3 days with 3 h of sleep per night (SDP), followed by 1 week of recovery with sleep ad lib (RCV). HRV was recorded using an orthostatic test every morning [root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), power in the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands, and normalized power nLF and nHF were computed]; PPG and polysomnography (PSG) were recorded overnight. Continuous blood pressure and psychomotor vigilance task were also recorded. A questionnaire of subjective fatigue, sleepiness, and mood states was filled regularly.ResultsRMSSD and HF decreased while nLF increased during SDP, indicating a decrease in parasympathetic activity and a potential increase in sympathetic activity. PPG parameters indicated a decrease in amplitude and duration of the waveforms of the systolic and diastolic periods, which is compatible with increases in sympathetic activity and vascular tone. PSG showed a rebound of sleep duration, efficiency, and deep sleep in RCV compared to BSL. BRS remained unchanged while vigilance decreased during SDP. Questionnaires showed an increased subjective fatigue and sleepiness during SDP.ConclusionHRV and PPG are two markers easily measured with wearable devices and modified by partial sleep deprivation, contradictory to BRS. Both markers showed a decrease in parasympathetic activity, known as detrimental to cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Intrinsic brain connectivity after partial sleep deprivation in young and older adults: results from the Stockholm Sleepy Brain study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Nilsonne ◽  
Sandra Tamm ◽  
Johanna Schwarz ◽  
Rita Almeida ◽  
Håkan Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Regional Homogeneity ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
Global Signal ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Signal Variability

AbstractSleep deprivation has been reported to affect intrinsic brain connectivity, notably reducing connectivity in the default mode network. Studies to date have however shown inconsistent effects, in many cases lacked monitoring of wakefulness, and largely included young participants. We investigated effects of sleep deprivation on intrinsic brain connectivity in young and older participants. Participants aged 20–30 (n=30) and 65–75 (n=23) years underwent partial sleep deprivation (3h sleep) in a cross-over design, with two 8-minutes eyes-open resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) runs in each session, monitored by eye-tracking. We assessed intrinsic brain connectivity using independent components analysis (ICA) as well as seed-region analyses of functional connectivity, and also analysed global signal variability, regional homogeneity, and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations. Sleep deprivation caused increased global signal variability. In our study, changes in investigated resting state networks and in regional homogeneity were not statistically significant. Younger participants had higher connectivity in most examined networks, as well as higher regional homogeneity in areas including anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. In conclusion, we found that sleep deprivation caused increased global signal variability. We speculate that this may be caused by wake-state instability.

scholarly journals The effects of a 10-day partial sleep deprivation and the following recovery on cognitive functioning – a behavioural and EEG study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Beres ◽  
Aleksandra Domagalik ◽  
Jeremi K. Ochab ◽  
Katarzyna Oleś ◽  
Halszka Ogińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSleep deprivation is an important societal problem that affects millions of people around the world on a daily basis. Our study aimed to examine the impact of a partial sleep restriction and following recovery processes on cognitive information processing, as evaluated by the Stroop test. We tested 15 participants over a period of 21 consecutive days, divided into 3 sleep conditions: 4 days of typical daily routine (baseline, ‘base’), 10 days of partial sleep deprivation (‘SD’), and 7 days of recovery (‘rec’). Each day, participants took part in an EEG experiment in which they performed a Stroop test, lasting for about 30 minutes, that required them to make an appropriate response to congruent and incongruent stimuli. Additionally, every day they answered a number of questions regarding their subjective levels of sleepiness and mood. During the whole period of 21 days, participants’ spontaneous locomotor activity was measured with the use of actigraphy. We have found behavioural and neural changes associated with different sleep conditions, such that the 10-day period of partial sleep restriction was linked with poorer behavioural performance on the Stroop test and an attenuated P300 neural response, compared to the baseline, followed by the observation of slow and gradual return in the period of recovery. This study, the first longitudinal study of its kind, shows that partial sleep deprivation has detrimental, long-term consequences on both behavioural and neural levels. This adds to the growing body of literature on this important issue in modern societies.SummarySleep deprivation, a world-wide problem in the 21st century, is associated with a number of complications, such as motor vehicle accidents (Lyznicki et al., 1998; Goel et al., 2009), medical errors (Barger et al., 2006), poorer health (in Colten & Altevogt, 2006), as well as cognitive deficits including problems with working memory and attention (van Dongen et al., 2003; Lim & Dinges, 2008). While total sleep deprivation (that is, a complete lack of sleep in a 24-hour period) is usually reserved only to certain professions (such as medical doctors), partial sleep restriction (that is, reducing one’s sleep time in a 24-hour period to fewer hours than typically required) is world-wide and affects a large proportion of the population across the globe. Taking this global impact into account, and thus increasing our understanding of the neurophysiological and cognitive processes that are linked with partial sleep deprivation, could largely inform the public discussion over what kind of impact, if any, restricting our sleep has on our daily functioning. This 21-day long EEG study investigated the effects of a prolonged (10-day) sleep restriction, and the recovery processes (over a 7-day period) that followed. Each day participants performed a Stroop test, known to measure attentional levels, and completed a number of sleep-related questionnaires. We have found that while behavioural responses are easier to recover, the neurophysiological responses are heavily affected after a period of sleep deprivation, with one week of recovery being insufficient to return to a pre-testing performance of an individual.

Effects of sleep deprivation on arterial vasculature in university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Freitas ◽  
Helder Santos ◽  
Clara Rocha ◽  
Telmo Pereira ◽  
Jorge Conde
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Initial Questionnaire ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction Sleep plays an essential role in the mental, emotional, physical and psychological well-being of an individual and a poor quality of this leads to psychological changes, also affecting the cardiovascular system. The current society demands more and more hours of work, which leads to a decrease in the quantity and quality of sleep, and this has already been associated in several studies with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, among others, but was never considered a risk factor by its own. Objectives Understand if partial sleep deprivation for 4 nights causes vascular changes in healthy university students. Methodology The sample consisted of 20 healthy university students, who underwent 3 nights in which they slept the ideal for their age group, being evaluated at the end of those nights. At the next night they were subjected to partial sleep deprivation and were evaluated the next day. The third evaluation occurred after 4 nights of partial sleep deprivation. Evaluations consisted in carotid evaluation, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), blood pressure (BP) and temperature monitoring. From the first night, the participants used an actigraphy during the daily routine for 7 nights. An initial questionnaire was completed and also the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESE) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Partial sleep deprivation causes a decrease in the diameter of the right brachial artery and the common carotid artery (CCA). There was also an increase in the SBP of CCA, in pulsatility and endurance indexes and on β-stiffness. With sleep deprivation, sleep efficiency also decreased. Conclusion Sleep deprivation leads to an increase in inflammatory markers that act on the endothelium and end up promoting the existence of cardiovascular events.

Partial sleep deprivation to prevent 48-hour mood cycles

1990 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Churchill ◽  
S. C. Dilsaver
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation

The Link Between Sleep, Stress and BDNF

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S282-S282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eckert ◽  
S. Karen ◽  
J. Beck ◽  
S. Brand ◽  
U. Hemmeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Stress Experience ◽  
Partial Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Fast Increase ◽  
Serum Bdnf

The protein brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major contributor to neuronal plasticity. There is numerous evidence that BDNF expression is decreased by experiencing psychological stress and that accordingly a lack of neurotrophic support causes depression. The use of serum BDNF concentration as a potential indicator of brain alteration is justified through extensive evidence. Recently, we reported, for the first time, a relationship between BDNF and insomnia, since we could show that reduced levels of serum BDNF are correlated with sleep impairment in control subjects, while partial sleep deprivation was able to induce a fast increase in serum BDNF levels in depressed patients. Using a bi-directional stress model as an explanation approach, we propose the hypothesis that chronic stress might induce a deregulation of the HPA system leading in the long term to sleep disturbance and decreased BDNF levels, whereas acute sleep deprivation, can be used as therapeutical intervention in some insomniac or depressed patients as compensatory process to normalize BDNF levels. Indeed, partial sleep deprivation (PSD) induced a very fast increase in BDNF serum levels within hours after PSD which is similar to effects seen after ketamine infusion, another fast-acting antidepressant intervention, while traditional antidepressants are characterized by a major delay until treatment response as well as delayed BDNF level increase. Moreover, we revealed that stress experience and subjective sleep perception interact with each other and affect serum BDNF levels. We identified sleep as a mediator of the association between stress experience and serum BDNF levels.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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