Altitude, pasture type, and sheep breed affect bone metabolism and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in grazing lambs

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Willems ◽  
Florian Leiber ◽  
Martina Kohler ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Annette Liesegang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Alpine Pastures ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

This study aimed to investigate the bone development of two mountain sheep breeds during natural summer grazing either in the lowlands or on different characteristic alpine pastures. Pasture types differed in topographic slope, plant species composition, general nutritional feeding value, Ca and P content, and Ca:P ratio of herbage. Twenty-seven Engadine sheep (ES) lambs and 27 Valaisian Black Nose sheep (VS) lambs were divided into four groups of 6 to 7 animals per breed and allocated to three contrasting alpine pasture types and one lowland pasture type. The lambs were slaughtered after 9 wk of experimental grazing. The steep alpine pastures in combination with a high (4.8) to very high (13.6) Ca:P ratio in the forage decreased total bone mineral content as measured in the middle of the left metatarsus of the lambs from both breeds, and cortical bone mineral content and cortical bone mineral density of ES lambs. Breed × pasture type interactions occurred in the development of total and cortical bone mineral content, and in cortical thickness, indicating that bone metabolism of different genotypes obviously profited differently from the varying conditions. An altitude effect occurred for 25-hydroxyvitamin D with notably higher serum concentrations on the three alpine sites, and a breed effect led to higher concentrations for ES than VS. Despite a high variance, there were pasture-type effects on serum markers of bone formation and resorption.

Abstract P615: Stress-Induced Changes in Total Bone Mineral Content and Total Bone Mineral Density due to Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Adolescent Females

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwajeeth Pasham ◽  
Deborah Stewart ◽  
Laura Carbone ◽  
Gregory A Harshfield
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Total Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Total Bone Mineral Content ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Previous literature has shown a strong negative effect of angiotensin II (ANGII) on bone metabolism within mouse models. Additionally, psychological stress has been associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Stress has also been related to lower total bone mineral density (TBMD). However, there is controversy in the literature examining the relationship between the RAAS and bone metabolism within humans and stress has not been considered as a direct link between these systems. Purpose: We aimed to examine the relationship between stress-induced RAAS activation and TBMD and total bone mineral content (TBMC). Methods: Participants were placed on a sodium controlled diet for three days. Participants then underwent two hours rest, one hour mental stressor, and two hours recovery with hourly collections of blood/urine samples. Renin, ANGII, aldosterone, TBMD and TBMC were measured. Results: This study recruited 586 adolescents (mean age 16±1.116) with 51% women and 62% African-American and 38% Caucasian. Overall, relationships were observed between ANGII and aldosterone, and TBMC and TBMD controlling for age, race, and BMI. During stress, aldosterone was related to TBMD (r=-.150, p<0.05) and ANGII was related to TBMC (r=-.156, p<0.05) and TBMD (r=-.139, p<0.05). When comparing males and females, only females demonstrated a relationship between TBMC and ANGII in response to stress (stress: r=-.229, p<0.05; post-stress: r=-.277, p<0.01) and between aldosterone and TBMC (stress: r=-.199, p<0.05) and TBMD (stress: r=-.250, p<0.01). Renin was not significantly correlated with TBMD nor TBMC in any population. Conclusion/Interpretations: These data suggest that stress-induced RAAS activation may be associated with lower TBMD and TBMC in girls. Despite small correlations, consistency across multiple measures of RAAS activation being apparent in adolescents is significant. This observation may indicate that stress activation of RAAS contributes to bone remodeling in early life.

Bone mineral content and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in breast-fed infants with and without supplemental vitamin D

1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Greer ◽  
John E. Searcy ◽  
Ronald S. Levin ◽  
Jean J. Steichen ◽  
Paule Steichen Asch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Breast Fed

Bone mineral content and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in breast-fed infants with and without supplemental vitamin D: One-year follow-up

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Greer ◽  
John E. Searcy ◽  
Ronald S. Levin ◽  
Jean J. Steichen ◽  
Paule S. Steichen-Asche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breast Fed

Decreased Bone Mineral Content in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants Compared with Appropriate-for-Gestational-Age Infants: Normal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Decreasing Parathyroid Hormone

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Minton ◽  
Jean J. Steichen ◽  
Reginald C. Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Bone mineral content was determined by photon absorptiometry, adapted for use in neonates, in 23 small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants of 31 to 42 weeks of gestational age, for 12 weeks. At birth, term SGA infants had lower bone mineral content than term appropiate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants; postnatal increase in bone mineral content was slow and lagged significantly behind that of term AGA infants. Preterm SGA infants had bone mineral content that was similar to that of preterm AGA infants at birth; postnatal bone mineral content was similar to that of preterm AGA infants, but was decreased compared with the expected intrauterine bone mineral content. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and parathyroid hormone levels were the same for SGA and AGA infants. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations decreased slightly with postnatal age and remained within normal limits. Serum parathyroid hormone concentrations decreased in both SGA and AGA infants and reached undetectable levels at 10 to 12 weeks of age.

Determination of basal bone mineral density in the femur bones of male and female Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 002367722092256
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Hernandez-Becerra ◽  
Sandra M Londoño-Restrepo ◽  
Margarita I Hernández-Urbiola ◽  
Daniel Jimenez-Mendoza ◽  
Ma de los Ángeles Aguilera-Barreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

Changes in bone mineral content of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), magnesium and potassium for male and female Wistar rats during their development from 3 weeks old to adulthood (27 weeks old) were measured. Bone mineral content was related to areal bone mineral density (BMD) which was measured in vivo at the femoral neck using a calibrated X-ray transmission system to obtain basal curves as a function of the age of the specimen. Diagnostic curves were built to determine low BMD (osteopaenia) and osteoporosis in female rats fed a Ca-depleted diet (50%) based on the obtained data and the criteria established by the World Health Organization. Bone mineral content is directly related to sex and age, but P did not change throughout the experimental period. P content did not exhibit significant changes with growing, while Ca was greatest in male rats, producing significant differences in the Ca:P ratio. Male rats reach the Ca:P ratio peak before female rats. However, areal BMD does not follow the same trend. On the other hand, osteoporosis produced a 45% decrease in this parameter for young and mature adults. These results make Z-score values available to diagnose bone-mass losses and hence the possibility of improving the conditions of non-contact measurement of BMD in vivo. This technique can be used for future experiments with Wistar rats.

Influence of anthropometric parameters on assessment of paediatric bone mineral density and bone mineral content

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hangartner Thomas ◽  
F Short David ◽  
Gilsanz Vicente ◽  
J Kalkwarf Heidi ◽  
M Lappe Joan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters
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