scholarly journals Do PTK2 gene polymorphisms contribute to the interindividual variability in muscle strength and the response to resistance training? A preliminary report

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1329-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Erskine ◽  
Alun G. Williams ◽  
David A. Jones ◽  
Claire E. Stewart ◽  
Hans Degens
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Specific Force ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase 2 ◽  
The Impact

The protein tyrosine kinase-2 (PTK2) gene encodes focal adhesion kinase, a structural protein involved in lateral transmission of muscle fiber force. We investigated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PTK2 gene were associated with various indexes of human skeletal muscle strength and the interindividual variability in the strength responses to resistance training. We determined unilateral knee extension single repetition maximum (1-RM), maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) knee joint torque, and quadriceps femoris muscle specific force (maximum force per unit physiological cross-sectional area) before and after 9 wk of knee extension resistance training in 51 untrained young men. All participants were genotyped for the PTK2 intronic rs7843014 A/C and 3′-untranslated region (UTR) rs7460 A/T SNPs. There were no genotype associations with baseline measures or posttraining changes in 1-RM or MVC. Although the training-induced increase in specific force was similar for all PTK2 genotypes, baseline specific force was higher in PTK2 rs7843014 AA and rs7460 TT homozygotes than in the respective rs7843014 C- ( P = 0.016) and rs7460 A-allele ( P = 0.009) carriers. These associations between muscle specific force and PTK2 SNPs suggest that interindividual differences exist in the way force is transmitted from the muscle fibers to the tendon. Therefore, our results demonstrate for the first time the impact of genetic variation on the intrinsic strength of human skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Resistance-Training Downregulates Select Line-1 Retrotransposon Activity Markers in Human Skeletal Muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Romero ◽  
C. Brooks Mobley ◽  
Paul A. Roberson ◽  
Cody T. Haun ◽  
Wesley C. Kephart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Retrotransposon Activity

The expression of neuregulin and erbB receptors in human skeletal muscle: effects of progressive resistance training

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan K. LeBrasseur ◽  
Kelly C. Mizer ◽  
Jascha D. Parkington ◽  
Douglas B. Sawyer ◽  
Roger A. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Erbb Receptors ◽  
Progressive Resistance Training ◽  
Progressive Resistance

The Impact of Acetaminophen Consumption on mTOR Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle Following Resistance Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Andrew C. D’Lugos ◽  
Shivam H. Patel ◽  
Jordan C. Ormsby ◽  
Tara N. Mahmood ◽  
Don P. Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria À. Cebrià i Iranzo ◽  
Mercè Balasch-Bernat ◽  
María Á. Tortosa-Chuliá ◽  
Sebastià Balasch-Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Peripheral Muscle

This study compares the effects of two resistance training programs in peripheral and respiratory musculature on muscle mass and strength and physical performance and identifies the appropriate muscle mass parameter for assessing the intervention effects. Thirty-seven institutionalized older Spanish adults with sarcopenia were analyzed: control group (n = 17), respiratory muscle training group (n = 9), and peripheral muscle training group (n = 11). Measured outcomes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/height2, ASM/weight, and ASM/BMI), isometric knee extension, arm flexion and handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and gait speed pre- and postintervention. Trained groups participated in a 12-week program and improved in maximum static inspiratory pressure, maximum static expiratory pressure, knee extension, and arm flexion (p < .05), whereas nonsignificant changes were found in gait speed and ASM indexes pre- and postintervention in the three groups. In conclusion, resistance training improved skeletal muscle strength in the studied population, and any ASM index was found to be appropriate for detecting changes after physical interventions.

The impact of acute and chronic exercise on Nrf2 expression in relation to markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashim Islam ◽  
Jacob T. Bonafiglia ◽  
Patrick C. Turnbull ◽  
Craig A. Simpson ◽  
Christopher G. R. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nrf2 Expression

scholarly journals Impact of acetaminophen consumption and resistance exercise on extracellular matrix gene expression in human skeletal muscle

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (1) ◽  
pp. R44-R50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivam H. Patel ◽  
Andrew C. D’Lugos ◽  
Erica R. Eldon ◽  
Donald Curtis ◽  
Jared M. Dickinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matrix Gene ◽  
The Impact

Acetaminophen (APAP) given during chronic exercise reduces skeletal muscle collagen and cross-linking in rats. We propose that the effect of APAP on muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) may, in part, be mediated by dysregulation of the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of APAP consumption during acute resistance exercise (RE) on several regulators of the ECM in human skeletal muscle. In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, recreationally active men ( n = 8, 25 ± 2 yr) performed two trials of knee extension. Placebo (PLA) or APAP (1,000 mg/6 h) was given for 24 h before and immediately following RE. Vastus lateralis biopsies were taken at baseline and 1 and 3 h post-RE. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine differences in mRNA expression. MMP-2, type I collagen, and type III collagen mRNA expression was not altered by exercise or APAP ( P > 0.05). When compared with PLA, TIMP-1 expression was lower at 1 h post-RE during APAP conditions but greater than PLA at 3 h post-RE ( P < 0.05). MMP-9 expression and protein levels were elevated at 3 h post-RE independent of treatment ( P < 0.05). Lysyl oxidase expression was greater at 3 h post-RE during APAP consumption ( P < 0.05) compared with PLA. MMP-2 and TIMP-1 protein was not altered by RE or APAP ( P > 0.05). Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK increased ( P < 0.05) with RE but was not influenced by APAP. Our findings do not support our hypothesis and suggest that short-term APAP consumption before RE has a small impact on the measured ECM molecules in human skeletal muscle following acute RE.

Effects of adenosine, exercise, and moderate acute hypoxia on energy substrate utilization of human skeletal muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. R385-R390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Heinonen ◽  
Jukka Kemppainen ◽  
Kimmo Kaskinoro ◽  
Juha E. Peltonen ◽  
Hannu T. Sipilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake ◽  
Knee Extension Exercise

Glucose metabolism increases in hypoxia and can be influenced by endogenous adenosine, but the role of adenosine for regulating glucose metabolism at rest or during exercise in hypoxia has not been elucidated in humans. We studied the effects of exogenous adenosine on human skeletal muscle glucose uptake and other blood energy substrates [free fatty acid (FFA) and lactate] by infusing adenosine into the femoral artery in nine healthy young men. The role of endogenous adenosine was studied by intra-arterial adenosine receptor inhibition (aminophylline) during dynamic one-leg knee extension exercise in normoxia and acute hypoxia corresponding to ∼3,400 m of altitude. Extraction and release of energy substrates were studied by arterial-to-venous (A-V) blood samples, and total uptake or release was determined by the product of A-V differences and muscle nutritive perfusion measured by positron emission tomography. The results showed that glucose uptake increased from a baseline value of 0.2 ± 0.2 to 2.0 ± 2.2 μmol·100 g−1·min−1 during adenosine infusion ( P < 0.05) at rest. Although acute hypoxia enhanced arterial FFA levels, it did not affect muscle substrate utilization at rest. During exercise, glucose uptake was higher (195%) during acute hypoxia compared with normoxia ( P = 0.058), and aminophylline had no effect on energy substrate utilization during exercise, despite that arterial FFA levels were increased. In conclusion, exogenous adenosine at rest and acute moderate hypoxia during low-intensity knee-extension exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake, but the increase in hypoxia appears not to be mediated by adenosine.

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