Development of a technique for determination of pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity in horses

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Teixeira de Almeida Silva ◽  
Bruce B. Guest ◽  
Diego E. Gomez ◽  
Martine McGregor ◽  
Laurent Viel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Tunica Media ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Circulatory Disorders

Calcification of the tunica media of the axial pulmonary arteries (PA) has been reported in a large proportion of racehorses. In humans, medial calcification is a significant cause of arterial stiffening and is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac, cerebral, and renal microvascular diseases. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) provides a measure of arterial stiffness. This study aimed to develop a technique to determine PA-PWV in horses and, secondarily, to investigate a potential association between PA-PWV and arterial fibro-calcification. A dual-pressure sensor catheter (PSC) was placed in the main PA of 10 sedated horses. The pressure waves were used to determine PWV along the PA, using the statistical phase offset method. Histological analysis of the PA was performed to investigate the presence of fibro-calcified lesions. The mean (±SD) PWV was 2.3 ± 0.7 m/s in the proximal PA trunk and 1.1 ± 0.1 m/s further distal (15 cm) in a main PA branch. The mean (±SD) of mean arterial pressures in the proximal PA trunk was 30.1 ± 5.2 mmHg, and 22.0 ± 6.0 mmHg further distal (15 cm) within the main PA branch. The mean (±SD) pulse pressure in the proximal PA trunk was 15.0 ± 4.7 mmHg, and 13.5 ± 3.3 mmHg further distal (15 cm) within the main PA branch. Moderate to severe lesions of the tunica media of the PAs were observed in seven horses, but a correlation with PWV could not be established yet. Pulmonary artery PWV may be determined in standing horses. The technique described may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large PAs in the pathogenesis of equine pulmonary circulatory disorders. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary artery pulse wave velocity was determined safely in standing sedated horses. The technique described may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large pulmonary arteries in the pathogenesis of pulmonary circulatory disorders in horses.

P1.8 DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF PULMONARY ARTERY PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN HORSES

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (C) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Silva* ◽  
Bruce Guest ◽  
Diego Gomez ◽  
Martine McGregor ◽  
John Runciman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave

scholarly journals Effect of Second hand Smoke on Arterial Stiffness among Healthy Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-346
Author(s):  
Suriyati Sariban ◽  
Siti Suhaila Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Juwita Shaaban ◽  
Norhayati Mohd Noor ◽  
Harmy Mohamed Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Pulse Wave Analysis ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Wave Analysis ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Arterial stiffness is recognised as a significant cardiovascular risk factor and an independent predictor of all causes of cardiovascular death. Women are the largest population exposed to cigarette smoke either at work or from their partner. The objectives of this study are to compare the arterial stiffness (augmentation index and pulse wave velocity) between second hand smoke (SHS) and non second hand smoke (non-SHS). Designs and method: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 118 healthy female subjects (64 SHS and 54 non- SHS). The women were in the SHS group if their spouse is a smoker and they had an exposure to cigarette smoke for at least three years, minimum of15 minutes two days a week. Pulse wave analysis and pulse wave velocity was used to study the arterial stiffness. Pulse wave analysis reported as percentage of augmentation index. Pulse wave velocity equal to carotid femoral distance (meter) divided by time (second) Results: The mean augmentation index (AIx) for SHS groups was 17.9 (SD7.06) and for non SHS groups was 20.7(SD6.11). The mean of Pulse wave velocity was 8.94 (SD1.36) in SHS groups and 9.02 (SD8.68) in non SHS groups. ANOVA and ANCOVA shown significance difference in crude mean (p = 0.047) and estimated marginal mean (p = 0.028) of augmentation index between SHS and non - SHS after controlling for age and BMI. However, there was no significant difference in crude mean (p = 0.795) and estimated marginal mean (p = 0.716) pulse wave velocity between SHS and non - SHS after controlling for age and BMI. Conclusion: An increase in augmentation index amongst non SHS in this study most probably due to exposure to environmental tobacco at work compared to exposure to spouse’s smoke Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.340-346

P1539Aortic pulse wave velocity measured by an oscillometric device independently predicts all-cause mortality in a cohort of 4146 subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Lenkey ◽  
M Illyes ◽  
T Kahan ◽  
P Boutouyrie ◽  
S Laurent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Oscillometric Device ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives Assessment of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity by applanation tonometry independently predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, there has been a need for a simpler, user-independent measurement with a validated device, that is applicable even in the primary care setting. Methods and subjects 4146 subjects (49% men) aged 35–75 years were measured in multiple centers in Hungary. Subjects visited the outpatient department of these centers on their own initiative. The measurement of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) with Arteriograph was performed in addition to taking past medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests. The mean follow-up time of the study was 5.5 years. The number of events (all cause mortality) were provided by the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund. Cox regression analyses were used to identify predictive factors for this endpoint. Results The mean age of the study population was 53 years, brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 137±20 and 82±11 mmHg, and heart rate was 70±10 1/min. The mean value of SCORE was 3 in this large cohort. 410 subjects had a registered cerebro-or cardiovascular event before the measurement, the number of smokers was 656 (16%), 1974 subjects were treated with at least one anti-hypertensive drug (48%), while the number of subjects on lipid-lowering, antidiabetic or antiplatelet medication were 807 (19%), 352 (8%) and 398 (17%), respectively. There were 116 fatal events during a mean follow-up of 5.5 years. According to the Cox regression, PWVao is a significant and independent predictor of all cause-mortality and in univariate analysis, a 1.0 m/s increase in PWVao was associated with HR 1.7 [1.47–1.98; p<0.001], for this endpoint. Conclusion Aortic pulse wave velocity measured by an invasively validated, simple, oscillometric device predicted all-cause mortality in a large cohort of relatively young subjects of the general population that may improve risk stratification even in the everyday clinical practice or primary care setting.

Repeatability of non-invasive measurement of intracerebral pulse wave velocity using transcranial Doppler

2005 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah GLADDISH ◽  
Dulka MANAWADU ◽  
Winston BANYA ◽  
James CAMERON ◽  
Christopher J. BULPITT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

In the present study, the repeatability of three techniques for measuring peripheral PWV (pulse wave velocity) has been studied. A transcranial Doppler provided a wave reading from the middle cerebral artery. Using the transit time between the R-wave of an ECG and the ‘foot’ of this wave we were able to calculate a PWV (PWV-brain). An ear clip transducer provided a pressure wave reading (PWV-ear). A third pressure reading came from a Finapres transducer on the left middle finger (PWV-finger). The PWV was calculated as distance between two points/transit time of the pulse wave. Eleven volunteers had three sets of readings averaged for each technique taken in two separate sessions. There was good agreement between observers for the mean PWV values, and good agreement for mean results in different sessions. The RC%s (repeatability coefficient percentages) for between-observer repeatability in each session were good and approximately equivalent for PWV-finger (5–7%) and PWV-brain (5–7%). The repeatability of the PWV-ear measurement was less satisfactory (8–18%). The RC% for the same observer between sessions was less good, being 11% for the PWV-finger, 16–17% for PWV-brain and 11–19% for PWV-ear. The RC%s for the inter-session inter-observer measurements were between 10.7–12.1% for the PWV-finger, 14.7–19.5% for PWV-brain and 8.3–15% for PWV-ear. The transit time RC%s were lower in most measurements. The between-observer repeatability of all measures was satisfactory. Owing to the less good repeatability on different occasions, the use of PWV-brain and PWV-ear will depend on the magnitude of differences to be expected.

scholarly journals A new method for the determination of aortic pulse wave velocity using cross-correlation on 2D PCMR velocity data

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1382-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Fielden ◽  
Brandon K. Fornwalt ◽  
Michael Jerosch-Herold ◽  
Robert L. Eisner ◽  
Arthur E. Stillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
New Method ◽  
Velocity Data
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